Description of Moscow and its sights

Let's make a description of Moscow, the capital of Russia. Moscow is the most densely populated city in Europe. More than 10 million people live here. The capital of Russia is also considered one of the oldest cities on European territory. As early as 1147, the first written evidence of it is included. In the 13th century Moscow became the center of a separate principality, and by the end of the 14th century it became the capital that unites the entire Russian state. Since then, it has been the center of the country's cultural and political life. Here, typography is born, the first Russian-language newspaper is published, and the first public theater, the Kremlin comedy temple, opens in Russia.

Let's consider the main sights of Moscow. A photo with names and descriptions of them will be presented below. We will tell only in general terms about the Russian capital, which can be talked about for a very long time.

Opening of the Moscow University

Peter I, as is known, in 1713 moved the capital to St. Petersburg. But Moscow remained the center of art and science. It is no accident that in this city in 1755 the first university of the country was opened - the Moscow one. Moscow since 1918 regains the lost status of the capital.

Variety of the architects of the capital

Making a description of Moscow, it should be said that the architecture of the city reflected all the milestones of Russian history. The modern capital is a mix of narrow lanes and wide thoroughfares, ancient palaces and high-rise buildings, extensive forest parks and industrial areas. It is so diverse that when you get acquainted with it, you get the impression of traveling in space and time.

Description of the Red Square

In Moscow, the Kremlin and Red Square are the historic center of the city. It strikes at first sight its majestic architecture. The unusual landscape of the capital begins to be seen already here, in the center of the city. These are steep bends of the Moscow River, hilly reliefs, radial-circular layout. All this is presented against the backdrop of numerous churches and temples with glittering gold domes. Not only museums and temples are located inside the Kremlin walls. Drawing a description of the Red Square in Moscow, it is necessary to note two large pedestals: the Tsar Bell and the Tsar Cannon, which amaze the imagination of numerous tourists.

GUM

The pearl of Red Square is the church of St. Basil the Blazing with a sparkling fire of many bright colors. Here is GUM - a department store, consisting of three floors. It is one of the main local attractions. Transitions in the form of arches connect three lines of GUM. When you walk here, it seems that you get into a special ancient city.

Museums of the capital

The sights of Moscow, the description of which we compose, is not only the Red Square. Among other things, many museums are located in the center of the capital. About them it is impossible not to mention, making a description of Moscow. The most famous of them are the Tretyakov Gallery and the Pushkin Museum.

Many great artists lived in this city. Their apartments and houses after death turned into museums of Moscow, the description of which will be especially interesting for art connoisseurs. Having visited the museum houses of Stanislavsky, Chaliapin, Chekhov, Ostrovsky, Lermontov, museum-apartments Nemirovich-Danchenko, AN Tolstoy, Pushkin, you can plunge into the atmosphere of life of these great figures. This is only a small list of famous people who lived in Moscow. We advise you to visit these monuments of Moscow. The photo with the description is not able to convey the atmosphere reigning in these museums. In the photo below - Chekhov's house museum.

In the center there are numerous theaters. Many of them are monuments of architecture. In Moscow, now various performances are staged: from opera to operetta and musical.

Arbat

Arbat is one of the most interesting places in the central part of the city, in which many sights of Moscow are represented. A description of it will be interesting to many readers. It should be said that not only the old street is meant by Arbat. Arbat - a whole area, enclosed between Malaya and Bolshaya Nikitskiy streets and Kropotkinskaya embankment. Here lived many great artists and writers. This district was sung many times in songs and poems. On the Arbat lived Leo Tolstoy and Pushkin, Bulgakov and Bunin, Okudzhava and Rybakov. Today, Arbat Street is a pedestrian zone and a meeting place for representatives of creative professions. Here, in addition, there are many restaurants and cafes.

"Kolomenskoye"

Not only its center, where secular and cultural life is boiling, Moscow is interesting. A brief description of the city should include information on parks and manors. Moscow forest parks and estates deserve special attention. One of them, the Kolomenskoye Museum-Reserve, is located on the site of an ancient manor of the great Russian princes and kings. On a fairly small territory there is a complex of monuments of archeology, architecture and geology. In the museum-preserve you can see huge boulders, preserved since the ice age. However, its main feature is the monuments of the tent architecture, attracting many tourists, which at any time of the year is filled with Moscow. A short description of the city will be continued with a story about the park and the manor.

Tsaritsynsky Park and the Estate of Kuskovo

Tsaritsynsky Park is located in the south of Moscow. He is interested in a large ensemble of palace buildings. Catherine II ordered the building of Tsaritsyno. As a result, the Empress never used these buildings, built by the project of Matvey Kazakov and Vasily Bazhenov, two great Russian architects. The Grand Palace was not completed. He is one of the largest in Moscow. 170 meters is the length of its facade. In the Grand Kremlin Palace, for comparison, the length of the facade is 120 meters.

Kuskovo Estate is located in the east of the capital. She used to belong to Count Sheremetyev. This manor is famous for its ceramics museum and its unique architecture. You can see the photo below.

Very interesting are these monuments of Moscow. A photo with the description presented above will help you get to know them better.

Ostankino

In the north is Ostankino. This manor attracts tourists with its classical palace, which was built in the 13th century. The white-birch birch tree, typical of the Moscow region, is next to it. Over the park and the estate stands the Ostankino Tower.

The shape of a megacity in the 20th century

In the 20th century, Moscow changed a lot. The description of the city should be drawn up taking into account these transformations. Many ancient buildings were demolished. As a result of the construction of new buildings of the same type, the city has greatly expanded. However, not only the negative nature of the changes in the architecture of the capital. There are new sights of Moscow. With the names and description of them we will now introduce the reader.

Seven monuments of Stalinist architecture became its symbols. This is a famous high-rise building. Moscow University on the Sparrow Hills is located in one of them. The main observation point of Moscow is the observation deck, located on the Vorobyovy Gory. The best panorama of the city is revealed from here.

VDNH (Moscow)

Description of the city will continue with a brief introduction to another curious place. VDNH is a well-known monument of architecture of the Soviet period. Later it was renamed VVC. This is a whole complex of exhibition pavilions, which differ in their majestic appearance. Between them are the famous fountains. The most famous is the Fountain of Friendship of Peoples. It is decorated with gold figures. This fountain can be proud of Moscow. The photo with the description does not convey, unfortunately, all its splendor.

Hotel "Cosmos"

The Cosmos Hotel is located near the exhibition center. Its name reminds that the history of cosmonautics in our country began precisely in this region. Here, near the Prospectus of the World, domestic rocket industry was born. It is reminded of this and a rocket-topped obelisk, and a monument to Tsiolkovsky, the founder of astronautics, and an alley in which busts to Academicians Mstislav Keldysh and Sergei Korolev are. All these are important monuments that should be included in the description of Moscow.

Manege

One of the best monuments of late classicism is the Manezh building. It is distinguished by a restrained strength and breadth of purpose.

The building was built in 1817 in honor of the fifth anniversary of victory in the war of 1812. The authors of the project were architects Montferrand and Beauvais, engineers - Kashperov, Betancourt, Carbonne. The rhythm of the Doric columns, located along the side facades, allows one to forget about the long extension of this building. The usual at that time tribute to the victory of Russian weapons are images of military regalia on them.

The opening of the Arena was marked by a parade of troops returning with a victory just before that from Paris. It is interesting that the Moscow Governor-General demanded that the facades of the building be filled with sculptural compositions. However, the city builder Bove did not succumb to this seductive order, although it was Manezh who determined the face of the city's development. According to his plan, the building of the Moscow University, located in the neighborhood with it, should become the compositional center of the entire Manege Square.

The huge hall of the Manezh was covered with a wooden suspended roof with no supporting columns. It was considered at that time a miracle of technique "The Manege was originally designed for parades, shows and exercises, and it was also used for other purposes - for concerts, folk festivals and exhibitions - since 1831. Wooden rafters were replaced with metal ones in 1940. After a new reconstruction , In 1957, they opened the Central Exhibition Hall, where various exhibitions are held and to date.

Moscow subway

One of the main attractions of the city is the metro station, which is called the "underground palaces" of the capital. They are distinguished by the magnificence of the underground halls and vestibules. The decision to build was made in 1931. And the first project was not long before the First World War was approved in the City Duma. In 1935, on May 15, for the passengers was opened the first metro line (Sokolnicheskaya Line). Lublin came into operation last (in the 20th century). This happened in 1995. More than 20 types of marble were used in the construction of the underground, as well as onyx, rhodonite, porphyry, granite, labrador and other types of stone. Reliefs, statues, monumental and decorative compositions adorn the underground complexes. They were created by the leading masters of the country.

Builders and architects of the Moscow Metro strived to create not only comfortable conditions for passengers, but also to give an individual look to each station. One of the best is Mayakovskaya. It was opened in 1938. In the form of stainless steel and granite lined metal columns , the supports of the underground hall are made. Mosaic panels, created by the sketches of Deineka, are located in domes. At an exhibition in Paris in 1937, the stations of the first stage of the metro in Moscow received an award for urban planning, and Mayakovskaya was awarded the Grand Prix.

The Kropotkinskaya, Novoslobodskaya, Mayakovskaya, Komsomolskaya with Korina mosaics, Revolution Square, which is decorated with 76 bronze sculptures Mazinera, and others belong to the great architectural monuments of the 30-50-ies. The Metro during the Great Patriotic War was used as a bomb shelter. New stations are distinguished by strict design and simplicity.

In order to navigate the metro, there are its schemes. They are in all the vestibules. Help is also helped by light pointers and automatic help devices.

The Crimean bridge

We will continue the description of Moscow with a story about such an attraction of the city as the Crimean bridge. In 1783 a wooden Nikolayevsky bridge was built on the site of the Crimean ford. It was replaced in 100 years by metal with latticed trusses.

In 1935 six new bridges were decorated with the Moscow River. The description of all of them we will not compose. However, the Crimean bridge deserves special attention. He connected with the Garden Ring Road the Gorky Park of Culture and Kaluga Square. Crimean, like other new bridges, overlaps the embankments, thereby ensuring the decoupling of transport, which are at different levels. It differs from others in the type of hanging structure. This bridge is the only one hanging across the Moscow River. Its length is 671 m.

F.O. Shekhtel's mansion

In 1896, architect Shekhtel built a private mansion. It differs above all in the picturesque free composition of the building, which resembles a medieval castle. The architecture reflects the romantic tendencies that preceded modernity.

The living rooms are facing the garden, the living rooms are facing the street. In the center of the house is the main staircase. The main rooms are arranged around it. Above the side staircase and the entrance are the pinnacle towers. VA Frolov's mosaic is located above the entrance. It depicts three states of iris: the opening of this flower, its flowering and wilting. Widely used in interiors wood of different breeds. The relief-decorated fireplace is in the square living room. Above it rises a balcony. The building today is used as an embassy. Here lived in 1920 Soviet high-ranking officials, including Bubnov, People's Commissar.

Ministry of Agriculture

This building, consisting of 8 floors, is made in the style of late constructivism. It is located in the nodal point of the city, at the junction of several traffic flows. The basis of it is a reinforced concrete frame with lined plaster curtain walls. The ministry in general remotely resembles Mendelssohn's compositions. It successfully harmonizes with the Centrosoyuz and Gostorg located in the neighborhood. Along with elevators for lifting are used in the building constantly moving cabs.

These are the main attractions of Moscow. Photos with names and descriptions will help you to present the modern look of the Russian capital.