Human capital

The concept of "human capital" (human capital) was first voiced in scientific circles and appeared in journalism on the wave of neoclassicism in the middle of the twentieth century, finally taking shape in the 90s of the 20th century.

Theodore Schulz and Gary Becker are Nobel laureates, well-known economists who are considered "fathers" of scientific research. For the development of this economic direction was awarded this award and a scientist of Russian origin Simon Kuznets (1971). Today's structure of the doctrine affecting human capital has a finished form thanks to economists, sociologists and historians T. Schultz, G. Becker, E. Denison, R. Solow, J. Kendrick, S. Kuznets, S. Fabricant, I. Fisher, R. Lucas and many other scientists. This concept is still being studied.

In its essence, the theory of human capital offers a coherent system - a single grid, to logically explain such phenomena as:

- the process of investing educational skills in the economy;

- Increased demand for education and medicine;

- the dependence of the dynamics of wage growth on age;

- explanations of the reasons for the difference in wages on the basis of gender;

- the pattern of acceptance by generations of the lack of equality in the stages of the economy.

The range of topics covered is very wide, but in fact, they do not exclude each other, but stem from the common root of people's interaction in society and the ability of each person to integrate with society.

According to the simplified formula, the theory of human capital studies the processes of qualitative evolution of mankind with the goal of their logical application and impact on the growth of the economy of all countries of the world. The neoclassical scientists made a breakthrough, combining the disparate links into one logical chain. Of course, this revolutionary economic system has priority directions for studying:

- accentuation of the main directional investments of investments by agents in the labor market;

- studying the entire life cycle of workers;

- The key economic resource is human time.

Today almost all non-market components can be measured by the theory of human capital: health issues, education deficiencies, migration policy, family conflicts, the growth of inter-ethnic enmity and crime. The main factor is the thinking of the individual within the society.

How is it more logical to use investments in human capital in order to avoid possible mistakes in planning the economy and get a return on these investments? What is the essence? The definition of "human capital" carries in itself all the abilities, knowledge, skills and psychological motivations of the individual, obtained by him on all segments of the life path. A person can not be considered as a package for a product that he produces, even if this product is a doctoral dissertation .

There is no complete analogy between a certain sum of money and human knowledge. These capitals vary not only in form, but also in their essence. Scientific progress is accelerating, this fact leads to some devaluation of human knowledge in the field of fundamental science. Accordingly, all the funds thrown at the learning process in a certain period of time do not always keep pace with the rapid pace of scientific thought, becoming obsolete before consumption. The conclusion about some vain investing and lost time suggests itself.

On the other hand, it would seem that the training of any craft on the basis of a professional technical school is quoted below, it takes less time and society has been treated with a fair amount of skepticism to this day. Economists have calculated that it is the professionals of this level who are planning to take off the economy of the future. In a certain period of time, society needs more thinkers, but more often a strong base of skilled workers should be formed.

Successful can be considered only those investments made in human capital, which are able to pay dividends to a person all his life. It is impossible to overestimate the role of this discovery of scientists in the process of shaping the personal values of a representative of any society. But we must remember about the uniqueness of each person, about his individual abilities.