Pension points - what is it? How are pension points calculated?

Recently, pension reform has undergone so many changes that it's just right and confused in numbers. To whom and how much is it? Those who first asked this question, immediately come across another very interesting definition: pension scores. What is this and what relation does it have to the amount offered to us by the state for old age? This and not only we will talk today.

What is PKI and how to calculate a pension?

With the adoption of the Federal Law "On Insurance Pensions", a new procedure for obtaining money "for old age" has come into our lives. Now the number of banknotes received by you at a certain age will depend not so much on the years worked as on the concept of pension scores. What it is?

The entire length of time earned by a person at the time of the hour X, is recalculated in points. Their totality is called the individual pension coefficient, abbreviated as IPK. Thus, the pension is as follows:

П = Ф + Н + Б * Сб

• P - pension;
• F - a fixed amount, annually established by the state;
• Н - an accumulative part of pension for those at whom it is formed;
• B - number of pension points;
• Sat - the cost of 1 pension point in the current year.

When it's time to retire

In order to start the registration of a pension, the applicant must meet the following conditions:

• To reach the retirement age established by the state;
• Have a seniority greater than or equal to the minimum;
• To collect the minimum number of pension points.

If at least one of the conditions is not met, the citizen has two ways:

• Continue to work until all the conditions are met;
• Apply to the Pension Fund for the accrual of social pensions after reaching the required age (60/65 years for women / men respectively).

Accrual of pension points is made for each year of work. Therefore, the later a person goes to make a pension, the more points he will have. But there is also a minimum limit value. No points - no pension. To date, the ballroom minimum is 11.4, and in 2025 this value will reach as much as 30.

In the same way, the minimum length of service will also increase in proportion. Those who go to retirement in 2017, enough to work for 7 years, in the future this figure will be increased to 15 and in 2025 will be that much.
It is worth noting that this period includes the following periods:

• decree;
• Military service;
• Periods of incapacity for work;
• Being in custody;
• Time spent at the labor exchange;
• Other.

The fixed payment and its sizes

To understand how pension points are calculated, let's analyze each indicator included in the formula separately.

The first number is Ф, that is, fixed payments. This is some amount established by the state and not dependent on any indicators of your work. Since 2016, its size has been fixed firmly and is 4 thousand 559 rubles. Similarly, the inflation rate is fixed , for which this figure will increase annually. It is 1.04. That is, in 2017 the fixed part in the pension calculation formula is:

4 559 * 1,04 = 4 741 (we drop kopecks for convenience).

There are also several categories for which inflated rates are applied:

• Invalids of the first group;
• People, koim "knocked" more than 80 years;
• Workers or residing in the Far North or a region equal to it;
• Who are dependent on a family member, for health reasons unable to perform independent work.

How to calculate points?

So, the pension points. What it is, more or less clear. But how to count their number? Here everything is not so easy.

The second figure in our formula is H, or the cumulative part of the pension. Where did it come from?

For some time now, Russian citizens have been offered to form their pension in two ways:

1. To receive only an insurance pension and transfer to its formation 16% of wages.
2. Divide the pension into two categories. To do this, 10% of the salary is transferred to the insurance part, and 6% is accumulated in a special account and is a cumulative amount. This is our N.

Until 2015, Russian citizens were allowed to choose what kind of pension they would have:

• Only insurance;
• Insurance + accumulative.

From the first month of 2015, the individual score can be calculated using the following formula:

B = (Sv / CM) * 10

• Sv - the amount of contributions listed on the insurance part of the pension with earnings (annual). Its value depends on the salary and on what kind of pension the person has chosen.
• See - the maximum possible amount of insurance payment for a full (16%) tariff, withheld from the largest payable salary (base).

Example calculation

Let's try to independently calculate the pension scores. That this is not so difficult, you can see on the following example:

Salary of the employee K. - 35 thousand rubles a month. This means that a year he earns 420 thousand rubles.

The maximum salary for calculating contributions to the PF in 2017 is 876,000 Russian rubles. The amount of contributions from this base indicator is:

876 000 * 16% = 140 160 rubles. This is our See.

Option 1

Citizen K. preferred to receive only an insurance pension. In this case, the amount of his annual contributions to the Pension Fund will be:

C = 420,000 * 16% = 67,200 rubles.

Now we will calculate the pension score for 2017:

B = (67 200/140 160) * 10 = 4.79

Option 2

Employee K. chose a mixed model for the formation of a pension, and therefore has both an insurance and a funded part. In this case:

Sv = 420,000 * 10% = 42,000 rubles.

B = (42 000/140 160) * 10 = 2.997

It should be remembered that there is a maximum number of points that a future pensioner can collect in each specific year. With the first version of the calculations in 2017, this figure will be 8.26, and with the second variant - 5.16. These indicators are proportionally changing each year and from 2021 will be 10 and 6.25 respectively. Even if you get a larger number in the calculation, only such indicators will be taken into account.

How to count the "Soviet" experience?

And what about those who worked in the USSR for some of their life? How to calculate retirement scores for Soviet experience? Everything is much more complicated here. The government proposes to convert all pension rights received in previous years.

It happens this way:

1. All pensions earned before 2002 are transferred to the financial equivalent. At the same time, the calculation is carried out according to the old scheme, taking into account the work experience and salary for any 5 consecutive years.
2. This number is multiplied (indexed) by 10%. Those who worked before 1991, for each full year of work experience, another 1% is added.
3. All contributions paid to the Pension Fund in the period 2002-2014. Add up, then multiply by the index number. As a result, we get the so-called pension capital.
4. Now this amount is divided by the number 228 and the price of 1 point, set in 2015. By this date, one unit of the retirement point "cost" 64 rubles and 10 kopecks.

As you understand, counting the retirement scores for the experience obtained in the Soviet years is quite difficult. But to get at least an approximate figure is quite realistic.

Additional fees on points

In the life of every person there are pretty good reasons for not working. And the current pension legislation takes this into account. Additional pension points are for non-working citizens in such cases:

• Break in work in connection with care for a disabled group I - 1.8;
• Every year the army service (by conscription) - 1,8;
• 365 days of care for a disabled child - 1,8
• Full-year care for the elderly (over 80 years) a man - 1,8;
• 365 days care for the first child - 1.8;
• The same period for the care of the second baby - 3,6;
• For the third and subsequent children - 5.4.

It is also worth noting that the pension points added for the care of children are calculated on the basis that the vacation is one and a half years. For example, a mother raising four children, by the time she retires, will automatically have:

1.8x1.5 + 3.6x1.5 + 5.4x1.5 + 5.4x1.5 = 24.3 points.

To obtain the right to a pension, she will have to work out quite a bit. It is interesting that mothers who bring up twins or triplets will receive additional points as a single baby. This is because in this case, not the number of children, but the time that my mother did not work in connection with caring for them, is taken into account.

By the way, if a person has worked part time while on leave for child care, you can choose which points will go "in credit": for work or for a child.

What is the current pension score?

As it was said above, since 2015 the monetary "cost" of 1 pension point is fixed at the level of 64.10 rubles. But within a month this figure was indexed and amounted to 71.41 Russian rubles. Annually on February 1 this figure is additionally indexed to a special coefficient equal to 1.04. It is easy to calculate that in 2017 the value of one point of pension savings is:

74.3 * 1.04 = 77.3 rubles.
Now you have all the data to calculate the expected pension. But if you do not want to puzzle over all these calculations, know: there is another very simple way how to count retirement points. To do this, you need to visit the site of the Pension Fund of Russia, register in the "Personal Account" and use the pension calculator. Having entered all the necessary data, you will receive in a few seconds a fairly accurate amount of your prospective pension.