The name of the months in Ukrainian with translation into Russian

Calendar - a system of time, taking into account the consistent periodicity of natural phenomena. The emergence of the names of the months is closely connected with the history of the formation of the calendar.

East Slavic Calendar

The name of the months in Ukrainian and Russian has a different origin. If the formation of modern Russian names is associated with the borrowing of Latin names through the Old Slavic language with phonetic changes associated with the fall of the reduced vowels and the influence of analogies, then the Ukrainian language uses traditional Slavic names associated with natural phenomena. Next, the name of the months in Ukrainian will be discussed in detail and what they mean.

Another Eastern Slavic language demonstrates a different approach from the Russian. In the modern Belarusian literary language there is such a system of denominations of months: studzen, lyutas, sacavi, beauty, May (grass), chapven, lipen, zhiviven, verasen, kastrychnik, leaffall, snow.

The name of the months in the Ukrainian language has a semantic similarity to it: sich, lyuti, birch, kviten, grass, wormwood, lipen, serpene, veres, zhovten, leaf fall, chestnut.

Unlike Russian, the name of the months in the Ukrainian language for a long time did not have a single system. The old names were used in parallel with the new ones, but in the book language of the 14th-15th centuries. The advantage was still given to the old names. Only at the end of the XVI century. Began to form a modern system of names.

The name of the months in Ukrainian with translation into Russian

Sychen (January) originates in the Proto-Slavonic language, when our ancestors dealt with logging (cutting, carving) of forests. Sections (clearing, cutting down) were carried out mainly at that time, which was approximately the month of January. It is likely that the word is very etymologically related to the concept of strong (cutting) frost.

Lutii (February) completes the sovereignty of winter. The modern Ukrainian name of lyuti corresponds to the Common Slavonic names of frosts in this month: angry and crackling, prickly and cruel, fierce. Since the lexeme of lute as the name of the month is not found in ancient Russian monuments, it can be assumed that it comes from the Old Ukrainian language. For a long time, February had the form of a lute, which in the dictionaries of the ХІХ - early XX century. Is fixed first parallel with the name of the lute. Lyuti - the only name of the adjective form of all modern names of the months.

Spring - from sap flow to beating grass

March - the period of preparation of a medicinal drink - birch juice. In the Old Russian language for the title of this month the name berezozol (berezozel, birchizol) was used. The Ukrainian language inherited it in the form of birch or birch. Researchers have different interpretations of the etymology of these names: some believe that they arose during the burning of birches for clearing plots for plowing, others explain the motivation of the name by the phenomenon of nature, which evidently had great significance in the life of the people. This is the beginning of the development of birch. Dictionaries of the Ukrainian language XIX - early XX century. Contain various forms. B. Grinchenko in his dictionary introduced the word berezil as the main register, because in the Ukrainian language of this period it was more common than birch. E. Zhelehivsky as the main name is given by a birch tree. Similarly to the names of sich, quarterly the name of the birch tree was formed, which enters the Ukrainian system of month names as the main one.

The name is etymologically associated with the onset of spring as the pores of flowering plants. So it is called from the XVI century. The name also had a phonetic doublet - a blossom (from blossom) with an initial combination of cv, which is a historical correspondence of apt. B. Grinchenko entered into the dictionary both names: kviten and tsviten.

Etymologically, the name of the months in Ukrainian is associated with certain phenomena of nature. The modern Ukrainian name of the herb (May) is closely related to the springtime riotous growth of grasses (this is why it is motivated). In lexicographical sources until the 40-ies of the XX century. Together with the word "grass" as an equivalent, it is registered in May.

Cochineal, lime and sickle color

The etymology of the month of Cherven (June) is explained in different ways. Some researchers point to the relationship of the name with the phenomenon of nature: in June, there are many worms that give life to cochineal - a kind of insects from the family of chervets. So, the modern Ukrainian literary name is a wormwood (the popular name of worm insects is cochineal). A different opinion on the etymology of the word "worm," adheres to M. Kochergan, indicating that the worm is a month of worms, a wormy month, hence the basis for the name is not a lexeme worm, and the worm is a common word for all worms.

The time of flowering linden has a direct relationship to the modern name of lipogen (July). Along with this name, the form-doublet Lipets was widely used in the Ukrainian language. As a result of the likening to the morphological design of the names of other months (sich, birch, kviten), lexeme lipenem in the early XX century. Is consistently used not only in oral speech, but also in various calendars, and subsequently as the official Ukrainian name of the month.

The serpentine is the last month of summer. The name of the month was associated in antiquity with the harvesting period and occurs directly from the name of the handmade tool for harvesting the sickle - sickle.

From flowering heather to first frosts

It is in the first month of autumn that the flowering of the squat bushy heather is blossoming. The modern Ukrainian literary name, veres, is undoubtedly formed from the popular name of this evergreen plant.

The modern name of the month of Zhovten (October) is associated with the color of the leaves of most trees at this time of year. At the end of the second half of the XIX century. The form of the Zhovten was finally entrenched in the Ukrainian language.

The modern name of the month is the fall leaf (November) origin due to the fall of autumn leaves. In the dictionaries of the Ukrainian language of the late XIX - early XX century. Are fixed such forms of the month: leaf fall and a papalist, leaf fall. In Ukrainian, as a result of the tendency to reduce the word, the name "leaf fall" was formed.

The name of the chestnut (December) comes from the XII century. The first month of winter was also called the jelly - from the cold, cold. Gruden has a similar meaning, referring to the frozen clods of the earth - piles formed on roads and fields with the onset of the first frosts. The official name of the last month of the year was only in the twentieth century. B. Grinchenko fixes the use of the word Bruce to denote November. This is another vivid illustration of the volatility of the names of the months in the past.

Continuation of the Slavic tradition

Thus, the foregoing allows us to draw the following conclusions.

A single system of names of months in the Ukrainian literary language for a long time did not exist: in parallel with the new used old names. The modern system was formed not earlier than the 16th century.

The name of the months in Ukrainian has a fairly transparent meaning and clear motivation. It is associated with certain phenomena of nature.

Eastern Slavs, like other Slavic peoples, had different systems of names of the months, based on Latin. Russian literary language inherited the ancient Russian names - mutated names-Latinisms, existing also in oral Ukrainian speech, and in the dialects of the Ukrainian language.

In conclusion, we give the name of the months in Ukrainian in alphabetical order - this will facilitate the search for a translation.

Now there will be no difficulties with the translation.