The heating collector for the boiler room. SNiP: boiler plants. Boiler equipment for boiler room

When building a country house in the project, the boiler house is necessarily included. It can be located either in the house itself (usually in the basement or in the utility room) or in a separately erected building. In any case, when installing the boiler house, the SNiP standards must be observed without fail.

Requirements of SNIP for premises

Installation of heating equipment in a detached building allows you to save space in the house. In addition, in this case the boiler room is safer.

When constructing such a structure, it is necessary to comply with the following requirements for the boiler house:

• The building must necessarily have its own foundation, not connected with the base of the house itself;
• The boiler is installed at a height of approximately 15 cm from the floor level;
• Under the boiler is equipped with its own foundation;
• The floor is poured with a cement-sand mixture;
• The walls and roof are made of non-combustible materials.

It is, of course, convenient to place the boiler house in a separate building. But the possibility to build such a building is not every owner of a country house. Therefore, most often the boiler house is located on the ground floor or in the utility rooms in the residential building itself. In this case, during its arrangement, it is also necessary to observe certain standards of SNiP. Boiler installations are installed indoors:

• Having at least a small window;
• Equipped with a ventilation system designed to triple air renewal for an hour;
• With walls, floor and ceiling, finished with non-combustible materials;
• With a ceiling height of at least 2.5 m;
• With an exit leading directly to the street.

The minimum room volume for gas boiler plants is 15 m ³ .

Basic equipment

In addition to the boiler itself, the boiler room is purchased:

• Water treatment and water treatment systems;
• circulation pump;
• expansion tank;
• chimney;
• Distributive comb.

In addition, boiler plants can also be equipped with all sorts of additional equipment: deaerators, storage tanks, water heaters, etc.

In which cases is the heating collector used for the boiler room

This equipment is included in the heating system usually only in houses of considerable area with a large number of radiators. The main constructive elements of the classical collector are two pipes (feed and return) with several outputs. On expensive models, various additional automation or control elements can be used.

Installation of the heating collector is usually done in a special cabinet. Sometimes it is placed and just in the wall niche. The number of outputs is selected depending on how many groups of radiators are planned to be connected.

Types of collectors

The design of all the distribution nodes that are available today is approximately the same. The models differ, as already mentioned, mainly only by the presence or absence of various kinds of additions and "bloat." The expensive heating collector for the boiler room, in addition to the supply and discharge outlets, can include:

• Flowmeters necessary to adjust the amount of hot water sent to the heating batteries;
• Air taps;
• Thermal head, regulating the degree of heating of water.

The simplest and cheapest distribution manifold of the heating system is a conventional brass or steel tube with threads and outlets for connection of the mains. If desired, such models can be subsequently retrofitted with thermal heads and flow meters separately. Homemade distribution centers are usually made of polypropylene tees.

Models with a hydro-gun

In complex heating systems with several consumption zones (floor heating, boiler, large number of radiator circuits), a special type of collectors is usually used. Such models are supplemented by the so-called hydro-gun. The latter is responsible for the distribution of water by the degree of heating. The collector of heating with a hydro-gun eliminates the possibility of interaction between the elements of the system and thereby increases its productivity.

Backbone

A heating collector is installed for the boiler room usually in the immediate vicinity of the boiler itself. Feeding and return lines to radiators from him are often stretched on the floor. In new buildings pipes are mostly poured with concrete. In order to avoid heat loss, the mains are pre-insulated.

Price of collectors

It is worth such equipment is not too expensive. If desired, you can choose a cheap and at the same time sufficiently reliable collector for heating. The price for the cheapest models is 250-500 rubles. The cost of more perfect collectors with flowmeters, thermal heads, etc., starts from 4-5 thousand rubles. The most expensive models of foreign production with automatic control can be sold for 14-16 thousand rubles.

Types of boilers

This equipment, of course, is the main heating system. Today in private houses can be installed boilers:

• Gas;
• Electric;
• Diesel;
• Solid fuel.

In this case, the most popular boiler equipment for the boiler room is gas. Such boilers are more expensive than electric boilers. But at the same time they are much more economical in operation. Electric models are usually mounted only where gas mains are not installed. If, in the area where the house is built, there are no power lines, either diesel or solid fuel boilers are usually installed.

Norms SNiP for the installation of gas equipment

Installation of such boilers requires mandatory approval by the controlling organization. The modern industry produces gas boilers of two main varieties:

• Wall;
• Floor.

Before installing the first version of the equipment, the part of the wall on which the boiler will be located is necessarily covered with a sheet of refractory material (for wooden walls). These are the requirements of SNiP. Boiler installations gas floor must be mounted on a strictly horizontal surface. In the extension it can be, for example, a concrete pedestal. Light models can be installed on a pre-installed metal sheet.

On the one hand, the supply pipe is connected to the boiler from the well (through the water treatment system), on the other hand - the distribution manifold (or simply supplying the main line to the coolant system).

The following requirements are imposed on flues according to SNiP:

• The diameter of the sleeves must not be less than that specified in the technical passport of the boiler;
• Above the roof level, the chimney must rise no less than 0.5 m;
• Step between the clamps when attaching the pipe to the wall should not be less than 2 m.

Requirements SNIP for the installation of electric boilers

The heating equipment of this variety can be installed anywhere. Ventilation in this case is also optional. The only limitation is that it is not allowed to mount very powerful electric boilers in public buildings under those premises in which mass gatherings of people are possible.

Installation of solid fuel boilers

Such equipment is not among the explosive, and therefore the requirements for its installation are not large. The minimum area of the room in this case is 8 m ² . Before the furnace of such a boiler should be a sheet of metal. The rest of the floor is covered with fireproof material. The room must necessarily be equipped with a window the size of at least 0.8 m ² per 1 kW of the boiler. Also, according to the regulations, there is a fire extinguisher and a box with sand in the boiler room.

Requirements for the installation of diesel boilers

The installation of such equipment, as well as solid-fuel or electric, does not need to receive any permits. However, the requirements for accommodation in this case are quite strict because of the need to store fuel.

The door leading from the boiler room to the internal premises must be fireproof (grade III protection). The minimum distance from the front surface of the boiler to the opposite wall is 1 m. The volume of fuel stored in the tank must not exceed 900 liters. Walls in such premises should be tiled or mineral plaster. In one of them, a niche is usually arranged for the heating collector. For a boiler house, when using diesel equipment, a freestanding structure is usually built.

Water treatment system

Equipment of this type is used to protect boiler plants from premature wear. The use of hard water in the heating system leads to the appearance of scale on the elements of its construction, as well as to the accelerated rusting of the latter. Using a water treatment group can solve this problem by clearing water of various kinds of impurities. This system usually includes such equipment as:

• Softener (chemical or electromagnetic);
• Iron remover;
• Coarse and fine filters.

A group of water treatment is installed most often in the basement, on the inlet line, which supplies water from the well. The first is always installed a coarse filter, which removes solid particles of mud and silt from the water.

Boiler house equipment: circulating pump

The use of such equipment makes it possible to make the heating system mandatory, and therefore more efficient and productive. There are many models of circulation pumps on sale. When choosing this equipment, first of all, pay attention to its pressure and performance. In addition, consider the type of coolant used in the system. The circulating pump is usually mounted on the return pipe next to the boiler on the bypass.

Expansion tank and chimney

When choosing such equipment, one should also adhere to certain recommendations. Expansion tanks in modern boiler houses are usually closed. Open models are used only in gravity heating systems, which are quite rare in our time.

Chimneys for boilers can be used brick or metal. In the latter case, black, stainless or galvanized steel is used to make the pipe. Metal chimneys to prevent the formation of condensation and carbon deposits are further insulated.