How is trichomoniasis transmitted: transmission routes and methods

Trichomoniasis is called an infectious disease that affects the genitourinary system.

This is due to infection of the body with a parasite. This is a vaginal or vaginal trichomonas. Infection is often manifested by colpitis, proctitis, cystitis, urethritis. There are other trichomoniasis genital diseases such as candidiasis, chlamydia, mycoplasmosis, gonorrhea. As trichomoniasis is transmitted, we shall understand this article.

If the stage of the disease is acute, then in men, urination becomes painful, in women burns and itches in the vagina, and a large amount of discharge appears.

Possible complications

Without timely and effective therapy, the transition of trichomoniasis to a chronic form is not excluded. This in the future can lead to the following complications:

• To congenital pathologies;
• Prostatitis;
• Complications during pregnancy and childbirth;
• Infertility;
• of death.

Most often, the infection settles in the urethra, vagina, cervical canal, ovaries and appendages in a woman. And a man in seminal vesicles, urethra, prostate. A woman suffers from this disease, transmitted through sexual contact, more often than a man. But this is only due to the fact that the infection is detected more often. In women, the symptoms are more pronounced, and they regularly undergo preventive examinations with doctors. The most common age is 17-36 years old, at which trichomoniasis is detected. As it is transmitted, we will consider further.

Trichomonads in the male half do not show themselves. Since there are no symptoms, the male carrier often infects his partner. After all, he has no discomfort and unpleasant sensations.

There can arise against a background of trichomoniasis non-gonococcal urethritis, epididymitis and chronic prostatitis. All this affects the ability of a man to conceive a child. Spermatozoa under the influence of Trichomonads become less mobile and viable.

Also, allergy, diabetes, oncological diseases and mastopathy due to infection of the body with trichomoniasis are not ruled out.

To minimize infection, you need to know how trichomoniasis is transmitted.

What features does Trichomonas have?

Trichomonas is a unicellular anaerobic microorganism from the flagellate family.

In the human body, you can find three varieties of Trichomonads:

• Intestinal;
• Oral;
• Vaginal - this is the most pathogenic, active and large.

The flagella help the trichomonads move. At an ideal temperature for them, 36-37 degrees multiply. At the same time, they do not need oxygen. Occurs attachment of the parasite to the mucosa, after which inflammation begins. They are secreted toxins, which leads to a weakening of the body.

Pathogenic microorganisms filled with blood. Thanks to the intercellular space and lymphatic ways, they penetrate there. So progresses trichomoniasis. Many people are interested in it.

What determines the fitness of Trichomonas?

Adaptability to parasitization in the human body in Trichomonas is extremely high, because:

• Evasion of the parasite from the action of immune cells;
• Change of form;
• Disguise for lymphocytes and platelets (so it is difficult to diagnose).

So it is extremely difficult to fight trichomonads, even though the drugs and therapies are constantly being improved.

Because of the lack of response from the non-protein shell of the parasite to antibacterial drugs, treatment is carried out with antiprotozoal medicines.

That is why knowledge of how trichomoniasis is transmitted is of great importance.

How is trichomonas transmitted?

Not always the cause of infection is sexual contact. Modern research has refuted this fact. You can get infected not only during a sexual act, but also in a domestic setting. There is a large number of opportunities to get into the human body from the parasite. Therefore, in order to prevent, it is necessary to have information about how trichomoniasis is transmitted.

The most basic is the sexual way of transmission. And sex should be unprotected (that is, without a condom, which can also be substandard and tear).

Through the blood

The blood of an infected person is contagious, so any contact with it leads to the transmission of trichomoniasis. It happens quite often in rare cases, most often in a random way. A kiss in the presence of microcracks on the oral mucosa can be dangerous.

Also, trichomoniasis is transmitted orally. The parasite is present in the female discharge from the vagina, so oral sex is dangerous. Contact with a partner's sperm often leads to infection, while not necessarily having sex, accidentally enough to come into contact with her when interrupted intercourse.

In childbirth

The process of delivery may lead to infection of the baby from the mother. This is a very common method. Therefore, all infections must be cured before delivery.

In utero, the infection is also transmitted, because the fetus is connected to the mother, which leads to infestation.

Trichomonas in the saliva

Trichomoniasis is transmitted through saliva.

Someone else's dishes are the source of infection. It must be washed well to avoid saliva. In this way, Trichomonas can also penetrate the human body when eating from such dishes. Catering establishments can serve as a potential source of trichomoniasis.

Trichomoniasis is transmitted by the household way - this must be remembered.

Other ways of infection

Another disease can be obtained in the following ways:

• When using someone else's towels.
• During bathing in swimming pools - a certificate on the health of visitors in commercial establishments is not always asked.
• When visiting a public bath or sauna.
• When you go to a public toilet. Cleaning here is not always timely, high-quality and frequent.

In wet and dark places most often live infection. The temperature is usually low. If the heat on the street is about 30-40 degrees, then this leads to the death of pathogenic microorganisms.

Prevention of infection

It is important to understand that a person does not yet have the ability to develop antibodies to this serious disease. Even if trichomoniasis has been and there has been a complete recovery, it can not be guaranteed that there will be no re-infection.

Basically, of course, trichomoniasis is transmitted sexually. One sexual partner and protection guarantee a reduced risk of getting sick. You also need to follow the rules of personal and household hygiene. The utensils should be separate, and also it concerns a bast, linen and other subjects and things of personal use. The use of antiseptic drugs (Miramistin, Chlorhexidine) after sexual contact can be effective. But, of course, this does not guarantee that the infection will not happen.

There is a category of people who are at risk - drug addicts, people with non-traditional orientation, prostitutes. Contacts with them should be avoided.

When the first suspicious symptoms appear, you need to warn your partner. Then immediately consult a specialist. Fear of telling the truth, some embarrassment make people hope for self-recovery, just not to go to the doctor. This is wrong, because trichomoniasis itself does not go away from the body, it will progress, and this can lead to deplorable consequences, up to a lethal outcome. To be afraid and to hesitate it is not necessary.

Therapy

What is the treatment of this disease? First of all, when the trichomoniasis is confirmed, the doctor will prescribe a course of antibiotics. "Trichopol" and "Nystatin" are appointed very often. But antibacterial drugs may not be enough, so antiprotozoal agents are used. "Metronidazole", "Tinidazole" refers to such medicines. Supportive therapy is also needed - physiotherapy, immunotherapy, urethral instillation, prostate massage in men.

In addition, the use of local medicines - vaginal suppositories, tablets, douching, will be effective. This will help to remove acute symptoms, will ease your health, but will not cure of trichomoniasis completely.