News and Society, Men's Issues
The Belarusian army: history, form, ranks, strength and armament
The observed increase in the number of armed conflicts on the planet is a natural concern. The Republic of Belarus holds peaceful diplomacy without aggression towards its neighbors.
But the state's army keeps gunpowder dry and is able to protect the integrity and independence of the country by force.
From the Soviet Overcoat
The Belarusian army was formed on the basis of the military district of the same name with the same name, which could not be found in the former union state.
Territorial formation was on the main strategic direction, supporting the shock fist in Germany. Actually, therefore, in the era of socialism, enterprises were built to repair and restore military aircraft and armored vehicles. The armed group had at its disposal a developed infrastructure that provides vital activity in peacetime and use during wartime.
The abundance of warehouses, a dense network of access roads; Reserves in readiness to deploy here an army of one million personnel. The famous quality of roads is explained by the fact that they were created as backup airfields for the "jump" for aviation. The pilots are now polishing off and landing on highways. The Day of the Belarusian Army was first celebrated on March 20, 1992. This is the date when it was decided at the governmental level to create the armed forces of the new country.
Reform took place in two stages: they produced a reduction and created a new structure.
The number of the army was excessive, therefore in 1992-1996. 250 military units were reduced or reformed. At that time, the nuclear missile demilitarization of the republic was completed.
Tanks | 1800 |
Armored vehicles | 2600 |
Artillery systems | 1615 |
Combat aircraft | 260 |
Impact rotorcraft | 80 |
The table shows the structural composition of modern armed forces. The Belarusian army today is a holistic, combat-ready organism. There are both citizens liable for military service and civilian employees.
| Category | As of the year: | |
| 2005 | 2016 | |
| Servicemen | 48 | 50,252 people. |
| Civilian personnel | 13 | 16,407 people. |
| Total | 61 | 66,932 people. |
The peacetime staff will remain unchanged unless there is an explicit specialization of the armed forces with an inclination to increase the number of aviation units and air defense.
| A type | Bases | Brigades | Shelves | Parts |
| Mechanized | 4 | |||
| Mobile (assault / assault) | 2 | |||
| Special Operations Forces | 2 | |||
| Missile | 1 | |||
| Artillery | 3 | |||
| Reactive artillery | 1 | |||
| Anti-aircraft missile systems | 4 | |||
| Aviation | 3 | |||
| Radio engineering | 2 |
The conversion of the armed forces will soon be over.
After the reorganization
Now the tactical compound is the brigade; In the Air Force - with the prefix of the aircraft, in the airborne troops - with the name "mobile" with the entry from now on into the Special Operations Forces. The ranks of the Belarusian army remained the same as in Soviet times.
There was a delineation of the powers of the Ministry of Defense and the General Staff on experience with most countries. Land forces and the Air Force are types of the armed forces of the Republic of Belarus.
Ministry of Defense of the Armed Forces | Parts of collateral, | ||
| Ground troops | Air Force and Air Defense | The forces of special | |
| Special forces | Armament | Rear | Institutions and Organizations |
The number of the Belarusian army is expressed in the following figures: officers - 14,502, warrant officers - 6850, privates and sergeants - 25,671, cadets - 3502, civilian personnel - 16,407.
The recruitment of troops takes place in a mixed type - they serve as both conscripts and contract soldiers. If a war breaks out, Belarus can easily put 500 thousand trained fighters under its gun.
The call is constantly held in the spring and autumn, the age limit is 18-27 years. How many people will have to serve in the Belarusian army depends on pre-conscription training.
Category | Higher education | |
No | there is | |
Conscript | 18 | 12 |
Has passed training on faculty of high school or faculty under the program of preparation of younger commanders | 6th | |
For serving officers on conscription | 24 | |
The staff is trained in the academy and military departments of civilian state universities. Prepare junior commanders in the joint training center.
Armaments, stored in warehouses and arsenals, will suffice in the event of an armed conflict. Experts believe that the training of soldiers of the Belarusian Armed Forces is carried out qualitatively. The emphasis on maneuver defense.
Lack of funds
Technologies are being improved every day: what was yesterday advanced, today is the last century. This directly relates to defense technologies. The problem of the Belarusian army is antediluvian armament and b / t, a dilapidated infrastructure. Time is the enemy, if nothing is done, the obsolete becomes with the prefix "hopelessly" ancient. And more costs are required for maintenance, not to mention conversion. Funds for renewal and maintenance are needed. There comes a time when you have to make hard decisions. This situation developed in 2012: the modern Belarusian army is forced to abandon the SU-24, -27 fighters and withdraw them from the Air Force.
In this situation, new, less expensive aircraft are bought. The current aircraft costs $ 30-50 million, the tank - $ 3 million, and you need technology in large quantities. For Belarus - an unbearable burden. The share of advanced weapons is declining: the Defense Ministry recognizes that the re-equipment plan is not true. They try to solve the problem, aviation and armored vehicles of other countries are modernized at repair and restoration enterprises. The Belarusian army buys weapons from the Russian military-industrial complex, but there are also difficulties. Over the last five years, Tor-M2 missile systems have been acquired to build one and the S-300 SS to staff four divisions, as well as 4 UBC Yak-130. The scarcity of means does not allow to buy more.
Do it yourself that you know how
The republic's military-industrial complex began to produce: navigation equipment, avionics, space and satellite communications and accessories to them. Belarusian UAVs have long been used in the army, and robotic systems for destruction are being developed.
The complex of MLRS "Polonaise", which is classed as a precision weapon, was tested. The adjustment and improvement of combat aircraft has been mastered, a set of measures is being implemented to improve the Grad facilities.
As a result of the measures 900 units of repaired and brought to the mind of the models of weapons and equipment were put into operation. The restraining moment of transformation at the expense of MIC is the deficit of funds.
The new Belarusian army, despite this, looks convincing in the post-Soviet space. The component of the national Armed Forces is territorial defense based on the popular partisan experience of national or domestic struggle.
In the structure of the GSH a special department was created, instructional manuals were approved. It is organized to solve the problems of transition to a martial law regime, combat paratroopers, saboteurs and illegal armed formations, and protection of objects.
Outfit
The new military uniform was approved in the Belarusian army in 2009, it is equipment meeting all sanitary requirements. On practical experience, they were convinced that this field clothing withstands everything that it is supposed to do. The configuration of the pattern makes the fighter invisible through optical observation devices in conditions of insufficient visibility. The form of the Belarusian army is in harmony with the natural background of Belarus, which once again confirms the defensive doctrine of the republic's policy.
As experts say, the material meets hygienic demands, is resistant to abrasion, moisture-proof and preserves color. On the shortcomings. Belt of the Belarusian army will show only the military rank, nothing more to learn, the uniform is impersonal: belonging to the army and the country is not indicated - a feeling of deep secrecy. This is at the peak of other states, where they do not hesitate to present themselves in full glory, and it immediately becomes evident when specialists from other countries come to inspect the Belarusian parts.
NATO uniforms are a vivid confirmation of this. Attach "Velcro" - and there are no problems: use all kinds of chevrons.
Design is also underdeveloped, few pockets. The main drawback is impracticality. The form of the Belarusian army today is not good for keeping warm and unrelated sweat. Cotton manufactory in past times was controlled with temperature fluctuations. And with semisynthetics everything is not so. Russia was already on the rake when it introduced the uniform. The explosion of catarrhal diseases in the autumn-winter season among the soldiers of the emergency service found the unfitness of clothing. What kind of fabric is this?
The light industry tried to create almost perfect material, and it succeeded. Similar matter is available in the states of the world. The outfit at first was sewed from the right fabric, but for a short time: it did not fit into the allocated funds. The developers have focused on reducing costs and retained exclusively the external appearance. There is no other explanation, but can we save on security?
Successes and disadvantages
In 2006, the reorganization in the Armed Forces was announced. Summing up, it is clear which Belarusian army is now. The event passed without public upheavals.
In the legacy of the republic went to the district's base, new military towns, built on German money for the contingent withdrawn from Germany. The republic switched over to the army staff with a diverse set of officers: ringleaders and contract soldiers. As a consequence, hazing in the Belarusian troops is extremely rare. A compact army can afford to call for service only worthy.
Armed forces are gradually drawn into politics. The teachers changed their ideology. During election campaigns they help to ensure the necessary result. It's difficult to say after that that the army is out of politics. The current "commissioners" are not happy, because there is still no clear ideology.
Weak place - a fleet of military equipment. Own renovation is extremely limited, the reason is trivial - lack of money. Hopes are laid on Russia's assistance, the course towards the formation of a unified state is preserved, and the formation of a grouping of the armed forces of the two countries is vitally important - joint air defense has been created. Russia will help re-equip the Belarusian army. First of all, the air force and air defense, which await the S-400 air defense system and the 4 ++ fighter aircraft. Military experts note that the armed forces of the Republic of Belarus are beyond competition in Eastern Europe.
| Rank | amount Elements | Patches | Stars | Accommodation On the chase | ||||||||
| In millimeters | ||||||||||||
| Width | Diameter | |||||||||||
|
Jr | Older | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 10 | thirty | 13 | 16 | 20 | ||
| Soldier | Clean | |||||||||||
| Lance-corporal | + | + | Across | |||||||||
| Sergeant | + | + | + | + | ||||||||
| + | + | + | ||||||||||
| + | + | + | + | |||||||||
| Foreman | + | + | Along | |||||||||
| Ensign | + | + | + | |||||||||
| + | + | + | + | |||||||||
| Lieutenant | + | + | + | Skylight 1 | ||||||||
| + | + | + | ||||||||||
| + | + | + | + | |||||||||
| Captain | + | + | + | |||||||||
| Major | + | + | Prosvetov 2 | |||||||||
| Lieutenant colonel | + | + | + | |||||||||
| Colonel | + | + | + | |||||||||
| General | Mr. | + | + | Along the gold embroidered thread | ||||||||
| L-t | + | + | ||||||||||
| PC | + | + | ||||||||||
Armor is strong
Military equipment is rapidly aging due to the introduction of advanced technologies. The issue of renovation or replacement with new samples is acute. The products, which are on the balance of the Land Forces, are already the history of the Belarusian army. The problem is solved.
Time is inexorable, but so far this is not critical. The question is very relevant for the armed forces of most states.
The Belarusian army adopted one tank model - T-72B. This is a simple and reliable machine, comparable to the heroic T-34. Distinctive features: Dynamic protection of the hull, advanced complex of firing - shooting a cumulative guided missile through a muzzle. "Dynamics" covered the car, but against the current means of destruction, it is rather weak.
"Achilles' heel" - the placement of ammunition in the rear area of the tower. When the projectile hits the zone, the detonation of the installation takes place inside, which leads to the death of the vehicle and the crew.
Today there is no urgent need for rearmament. The tank has a reserve for improving the fire potential, fire control equipment, modern communications and navigation. There is no money to buy new tanks and is not expected; If to indulge in dreams that finances have appeared, the rational variant will be the purchase of the Ukrainian Oplot tank. The car by characteristics far exceeds the Russian T-90. In the case of military-industrial cooperation it will be appropriate to use Belarusian fire control equipment in this tank, which will reduce the price without reducing the effectiveness.
To cover the infantry
BMP-2 remains the labor horse of the Belarusian army's motorized infantry for the transfer of personnel to the battlefield. The machine positively showed itself in combat, combines mobility and firepower. BMP-2 has been a reliable assistant for three decades. An acceptable replacement option is the transition to BMP-3M. Due to the exceptional potential of new weapons, the firepower has grown many times, and the machine's configuration with dynamic protection has provided it with additional vitality.
The new complex is able to withstand tanks. Equipping Belarusian motorized infantry units with these infantry fighting vehicles will help re-equipment, which will increase the fighting efficiency of the units. Armored personnel carriers BTR-80 are on the balance of infantry units, their function is similar to BMP. The car is reliable, high-speed, without problems overcomes trenches, funnels and forcing water barriers, "the armor" deservedly respects the Belarusian army. Photo BTR-80 demonstrates its formidable beauty.
However, the experience of using machines in a combat situation is indicative. There is no escape from the "land-mines": armor-piercing bullets "pierce" the BTR through and through. You can agree with the deployment of personnel inside the car, but with the landing of it - in any way. This led to the fact that the personnel are forced to move from above on the armor - there is more chance of remaining alive while undermining. Designers of the Russian military-industrial complex are developing new machines, they created the BTR-82. Here they improved the anti-fragmentation armor protection and delivered an air-conditioner.
god of War
The Belarusian army is armed with a 152 mm automatic control system. In divisions of mech brigades - 122-millimeter 2S1. The Msta-S and Hyacinth self-propelled guns have a serious range of fire, but they do not differ in their hit due to the lack of modern automated control systems, high-precision projectiles in sufficient quantity and primitive deterioration. Talks about rearmament are not even conducted, it is clear here - a lack of money. A partial cosmetic update is possible, the equipment of the automatic control systems "self-propelled" 2С3 and 2С5, which will increase the effectiveness.
Along with the automatic control system, the weaponry consists of 2A65 152 mm howitzers, which are a successful invention. The gun, which is being towed, is simply a target in the present war, a transfer to a self-propelled base is necessary. Belorussian reactive artillery includes the MLRS caliber 122, 220, 300 mm. The presence of such weapons can ensure the defeat of a possible enemy at a distance of 70 km. This type of artillery causes minimal disturbances in the land units:
- Changing the chassis of the BM-21 Ural model to the Mazovian model increases the reserve for 40 rounds;
- The permissible age of MLRS "Smerch" - 25 years;
- Interest from the leadership of the country to the problems of rocket artillery gives a chance for further modernization of artillery units.
Itself is not bad
Armament received MLRS "Polonaise", capable of hitting targets at a distance of 50-200 km. The Belarusian army had long waited for the jet propulsion. The photo below shows this type of technique.
The product was developed and manufactured in Belarus. On this basis, a number of Russian systems are located, for example, Iskander. In addition, serial production of ammunition is in place. The country has created a missile defense system and is engaged in a defensive strategy. The essence is that the enemy thinks: to continue aggression or stop.
This is humane defensive tactics - the last warning. The army was equipped with means that would cause serious damage. Belarus must rely on the concluded international agreements and treaties and at the same time improve armaments. Work is continuing to extend the life of destruction facilities, which are stored in warehouses. Previously, ammunition was thoughtlessly recycled. Today this attitude is unacceptable, not the time. Thanks to such a painstaking approach, 10 thousand units of defeat annually acquire a new life.
Ghost Perspectives
The army of Belarus is redundant despite its compactness. Membership in the CSTO prevents the reduction of army ranks, so that the military structure will receive a clear specialization. The process is launched, as a result, everything that benefits Russia: air defense, special operations units, radio-electronic personnel. In its present form, the army will not survive without an alliance with Russia. Otherwise, the state will be deprived of new military equipment, and there will be no reason to feed the grouping of troops in the center of Europe. Under the reduction will go people and dilapidated technology, the armed forces will become professional.
What will bring Belarus the opening of the Russian airbase? The SU-27 fighter of the "4+" generation flies with such a range of action, under which the UK is seen under the wing. Why do the allies insist that this step be taken? It is impossible to reduce the strategic weight of the direction, to the point of which the Belarusian Armed Forces. Belarus is not able to buy new aircraft, so it was possible to compensate the strength of the Belarusian Air Force with the power of Russia. We must not forget that allied, integral air defense is necessary.
The appearance of the national army will be transformed over time. The plan for the construction and development of the armed forces for the current five-year plan is to change the financing of the defense department.
The funds will be used exclusively at the necessary sites, which form the combat potential of the country and give undoubted results.
Leadership must be strengthened in society patriotism, to form an ideology, not to allow foreign influence in the army ranks.
The Armed Forces of the Republic are alert and capable of repelling aggression. The technique is obsolete, but not critical. This requires the training of commanders, the ability to fight and take over the leadership of the fighting in a difficult hour. Train the personnel, because it's not the gun that fires, but the soldier from it.
Similar articles
Trending Now