Strategic principles for planning the development of the military-industrial complex

The economic reforms that have been carried out in Russia for almost 20 years have led to drastic changes not only in the economy, but also in the life of the country as a whole. There was a transition to a new political system, new principles of planning in many spheres of public life, and private-corporate was replaced by state property. Almost a new financial system of the country was created and huge work was done on the way to an open economy. At the same time, side effects are still emerging negative social and economic phenomena: poverty, low salaries, a significant differentiation of the financial situation of citizens.

To solve all these socio-economic problems , long-term planning is vital, which will ensure sustainable development of the country's economy. According to the existing concept, such development can and should be achieved through the transition to new, modern planning principles, to an innovative economy that is not based on the use of natural resources, but on the use of human knowledge, new technologies and innovations.

According to the estimates of domestic researchers, there is a steady trend in the economies of Western countries to reduce the volume of research in the field of armaments and military production and the accelerated growth of investments in basic scientific research. At the time of the start of economic reforms, Russia, as the legal successor and successor to the USSR, possessed the world's most powerful scientific and technical complex, but almost all this complex was separated from the civil economy and the consumer market as a whole. The main specialization, taking into account the realities of the "cold war" was aimed at maintaining and developing the country's military-industrial complex. This meant that practically all scientific discoveries in the high-tech sphere, the planning principles used in this segment of social production, were considered through the prism of applicability in the military-industrial complex. Most of the innovations carried out in the country were aimed at the development and production of weapons, rather than the production of civilian products.

The obvious negative aspect was the rejection of a large number of technologies that are not related to the military-industrial complex, and the whole promising areas have not received due attention from scientists, as they certainly are not applicable to the needs of the military industry. The growing result and, perhaps, one of the main features of today's high-tech market in Russia is the structural discrepancy between the number of high technologies implemented in the defense complex and their almost complete absence in the civilian sector. It is the transition to new principles for planning the development of the industry and is designed to eliminate this imbalance.

Another worrying feature of the Russian high-tech market is the reduction of human capital. Meanwhile, if we consider the importance of introducing new technologies in innovative production, including in high-tech markets, then knowledge and skills become the dominant source of wealth in the world. Thus, according to the World Bank, in almost two hundred countries physical capital (cash-material funds) averages 16% of total wealth, the value of natural potential is estimated at 20%, but the value of human capital is 64%. Today in Russia these figures are 14.72 and 14%, respectively, and in Germany, Japan and Sweden - 80%. Russia, having huge natural resources (27% of the world's resources), including 11% of the world's reproducible resources, has only 8% of so-called human capital, of which only about 3% is used, while for the USA this figure is 28 , 5%, for European countries - 50%.

It is difficult to reverse this trend, but it is possible. Correctly allocated and timely certain stages of planning the development of the military-industrial complex and optimal investments in this sphere, can fully ensure the restructuring of industrial potential in accordance with current trends.