Sights of St. Petersburg. Russian museums of St. Petersburg. Memorable places of Saint-Petersburg

St. Petersburg is a magical city, which all foreign tourists try to visit upon arrival in Russia. In just three centuries, an incredible number of monuments and colossal architectural structures were erected. Among all Russian cities, Peter stands out not only for unique sights, but also for the atmosphere. Leningradians, who survived during the Great Patriotic War almost 900 fire days and nights, have not lost the best human qualities and are ready to welcome all tourists who want to see the most famous Russian museums of St. Petersburg.

In the swamp was born, three times crossed ...

Two centuries after the founding of St. Petersburg, the question of its renaming began to be raised. The fact is that in the understanding of the townspeople there was something pretentious in his name, too "Western". The proposals came in a variety of ways, but, in principle, they all boiled down to giving Peter a name reminiscent of the names of ancient Russian cities, such as, for example, Novogorod or Vladimir, simply, beautifully and in our way. Among other things, such variants as New Moscow or Peter-city were often mentioned.

The idea with the renaming was realized only in 1914, and it was connected with the beginning of the First World War. The city became Petrograd, and in ten years - Leningrad. In 1991, St. Petersburg was returned to its historical name. Today people can hear an interesting riddle about Peter: he was born in the swamp, was baptized three times, he did not give up the enemy - he remained a hero!

And yet, why St. Petersburg?

For three hundred years of history, the city on the Neva has changed its name three times. Some suggest that St. Petersburg is named in honor of its founder Peter the Great, but this statement is not entirely true. In Russia, the child was given the name of a saint, on the day of the commemoration of which he was born. This tradition is actual even today. The First Emperor of All-Russia was baptized on June 29, 1672, the day of the commemoration of the Apostle Peter. From an early age, the future ruler conceived the idea of calling in honor of the saint the main Russian fortress, which he was going to build. These dreams were destined to come true.

In 1703 on the Hare island was erected a structure, which was named after the apostle Peter of St. Petersburg. This significant event occurred in May. A month and a half later, in June, the cathedral in the name of Saints Peter and Paul was built on the territory of the fortress. Architect Domenico Trezzini worked on the project for 21 years and achieved unpredictable results: the 122.5-meter-high building was the tallest in the northern capital until 2012. However, Soon the fortress became Peter and Paul, and the city was named St. Petersburg. Today on the Hare Island there are the most historically significant sights of St. Petersburg, after seeing which, you can learn everything about the cultural center of Russia.

Perpetuation of the memory of Peter the Great

The Bronze Horseman is a famous monument of St. Petersburg, which has been on the Senate Square for more than two hundred years. This name was given to the monument in honor of the eponymous poem by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, despite the fact that it was made of bronze. The casting of the statue was completed in 1778, and then the architects faced the task: where to get a stone, on which it would be possible to erect a monument to Peter. In St. Petersburg, began to look for a man who would help find the right option, and soon responded peasant Semyon Vishnyakov. "Thunder stone" weighing 2,400 tons was brought to the Senate Square by the force of thousands of people who participated in the development of the means for movement and the way.

The Hermitage is the breath of Peter

The most elegant building of the city is located on the Palace Square. For a couple of centuries the Hermitage has turned into a huge complex, in which all the most valuable historical items have been preserved. Her colossal collection of tens of thousands of exhibits Catherine II owes outstanding sculptors and painters of the Renaissance. The collection of paintings and sculptures of the mother was continued by Pavel the First, and later his son, the Emperor Alexander. With each historical event the Hermitage collection was replenished with new works. Nicholas the First, passionately fond of military affairs, created the famous gallery in honor of the Patriotic War of 1812. The Winter Palace and other memorable places in St. Petersburg can create a general impression of the city - everywhere luxury and untouched elements of ancient architecture.

Today, among the huge collection of valuable canvases, visitors to the Hermitage will be able to see Leonardo da Vinci's The Madonna of Benois, Rembrandt's "Return of the Prodigal", magnificent statues of the Ancient Greece and Rome, coins and Egyptian artifacts. The total length of all the halls is 25 kilometers, and having allocated several hours to inspect all the charms of the Winter Palace, visitors will get acquainted with all the epochs until the present days.

Herodotov's science. The teacher of life, the herald of antiquity ...

The complex of the historical museum consists of seven branches located throughout the city and in a suburban area. Employees of the cultural institution organize the largest exhibition projects, attracting over a million visitors a year. The Museum of the History of St. Petersburg is rightfully recognized as one of the largest in Russia, since it houses two million exhibits, which tell of the development of the Northern Capital from the time it was founded to the present day.

What do you dream, the cruiser Aurora? ..

The legendary military ship, which produced a historic volley, stands on the eternal quay near the Petrovskaya Embankment. The cruiser was built in 1897, and three years later it was first launched. The child of KM Tokarevsky took part in sea battles during the First World War and the Great Patriotic Warrior, and in 1948 was established as a training ship for cadets of the Nakhimov School. Today, on the deck and in the cabins, visitors can see the personal belongings of the crew, marine measuring instruments, maps and other valuables. Speaking of the city located on the islands, it is impossible not to pay attention to cultural sites devoted to the water element. Among all historical memorable places stands a structure in which the exhibits are not paintings and jewelry, but household appliances, complex engineering structures. The Water Museum in St. Petersburg will tell about the role of life-giving moisture in the birth of mankind and drainage systems from Antiquity to the present.

All bridges can not be bypassed ...

Visiting the northern capital of Russia, the tourist is obliged to bypass all historical museums and temples, but this is not the end of St. Petersburg's attractions. Anyone who has not previously been to Venice or Amsterdam will be amazed at the huge number of bridges over which ground transportation is carried out. The city is intersected by several dozen rivers and canals through which it would be unthinkable to move without such structures.

To date, there are 580 bridges in St. Petersburg, of which 20 are divorced for the admission of passenger or merchant ships. Residents of the city, accustomed to all its beauties, have long paid no attention to such trifles, but tourists are interested in watching every phenomenon. In order not to get lost and not get confused, guests of the Northern capital should always have a map of St. Petersburg with sights, which will easily find all the attractive places.

The bridging of the bridges looks especially impressive in a dark autumn night: the flickering lights decorating the architectural structures slowly rise to the dark sky like fireflies. All actions are carried out on schedule at a specific time - usually after midnight and until early morning. In St. Petersburg is the widest bridge in the world (97.3 m) called "Blue", which because of its dimensions is perceived as part of St. Isaac's Square.

Chizhik-Pyzhik and others

It is said that a person who threw a coin on a monument in the water can make any wish - and it will necessarily be fulfilled. Stone giants, colossal temples and museums located in St. Petersburg certainly fascinate the guests of St. Petersburg with their greatness, but some miniature compositions have no less significance and can become even a symbol of the city.

"Chizhik-pyzhik" and "Bunny, who escaped from the flood" - the most amazing monuments of St. Petersburg. Having cruised along the Fontanka River and swam closer to the Panteleymonovsky Bridge, it is difficult to overlook a small pedestal with a bronze sculpture 11 cm high. This is the famous Chizhik-Pyzhik, which was combined with a funny quatrain in the nineteenth century. The monument was installed in 1994, and since then it was stolen seven times.

Floods in the northern capital occur very often, which is associated with the rise of water in the delta of the Neva River. Not always from the raging elements escape the inhabitants, but in history there is an amazing case when the hare kept his life, jumping into the boot of Peter the Great. Petersburgers decided to perpetuate the act of a daredevil and installed near the Ionovsky Bridge a figurine of a eared animal.

White Nights

June and July are the favorite months of tourists, who may not seem to have a lot of daytime sightseeing. Beginning with the last numbers of May, the sun goes down the horizon line by 9 degrees, as a result of which the evening twilight begins to pass into the morning. White nights are usually observed from the middle of June to the beginning of July, and the brightest midnight falls on the day of the summer solstice.

In the afternoon, because of sunlight glare, it is not always possible to view all the temples and museums, and at dusk the sights of St. Petersburg look especially charming. Alumni of all schools have a festival "Scarlet Sails" at the end of June, where not only teachers and parents can attend, but ordinary passers-by. Songs and dances last till the morning and are accompanied by bright fireworks. White nights - as a unique natural phenomenon - were reflected in the work of many writers and writers, including Fedor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky, who wrote the eponymous romantic novel.

Sights of St. Petersburg, which everyone should see

In the northern capital of Russia there are a lot of memorable places that no St. Petersburg citizen can bypass, and the tourist will have to return to the city again and again to spend days exploring the magnificent architectural and historical monuments.

Famous Russian museums of St. Petersburg (the Hermitage, Peterhof and the Catherine Palace) should see everyone, but in addition to these colossal buildings in the city are hundreds of others. St. Isaac's Cathedral - the largest and most beautiful Orthodox church, whose columns proudly bear the title of "the apogee of the malachite era." Literary scholars will visit the museum of outstanding Russian writers and poets G. Derzhavin, V. Nabokov, A. Akhmatova, A. Blok with pleasure. Peace and stability in the city will be felt by representatives of all religious confessions, because, in addition to numerous cathedrals and churches, there is a synagogue, a mosque and the only Buddhist temple in the north-west of Russia.