Renal colic, its causes and medication

Renal colic is the syndrome that can be observed with a variety of kidney diseases. The most common causes of this pathology include nephroptosis, nephrolithiasis, hydronephrosis. It follows that renal colic is caused by those diseases that contribute to the disturbance of urodynamics in the upper urinary tract. But even this is not all. Renal colic can occur as a result of obstruction of the ureter by a blood clot or caleosomes as a consequence of tuberculosis of the kidneys, tumors, polycystosis and other such diseases.

If we talk about the leading role in the development of the symptomatic complex, it belongs to such manifestations as a spasm of the urinary tract with subsequent ischemia, dilatation of the fibrous capsule of the kidney, and pelvic-renal reflux.

Renal colic, the causes of which are more than obvious, develops unexpectedly. Strong, cramping pains are observed in the lumbar region. In some cases, they are preceded by the growing discomfort that arises in the kidney area.

The attack can occur both in a state of rest, and when walking, running, riding a motorcycle or bicycle, and lifting weights.

The scarcely appeared pain begins to increase intensively. The patient at the same time rushes, moans loudly, tries to calm the pain, holding on to the sick side with his hands. At the beginning of the attack, the pain is localized in the lumbar region, then it moves along the ureter downward, radiating into the genitalia and inguinal region.

Quite often, in the presence of stones in the ureter, renal colic may be accompanied by severe pain in the abdominal area and paresis of the intestine. In this case, the differential diagnosis is performed in parallel with such pathologies as appendicitis, cholecystitis, intestinal obstruction and pancreatitis.

Diagnose renal colic, usually based on the pain radiography and its localization, as well as data obtained by intravenous urography and chromocytoscopy. The most valuable method of diagnosis, both basic and differential, is intravenous urography. This study can detect a change in the urinary tract and the presence of a stone in nephrolithiasis, the expansion of cups and pelvis - with hydronephrosis, ureteral bend and pathological displacement of the kidney - with nephroptosis. Thanks to intravenous urography, you can identify even the most rare causes that lead to the onset of renal colic.

In the event that a patient has renal colic, what should he do in such situations? In no event should you panic. It is necessary to call an ambulance, and before the doctors arrive take urgent measures. In such a situation, the patient should be given warmth to the lumbar region - this can be the most common hot water bottle or a bath with a water temperature of thirty-seven to thirty-nine degrees Celsius. It is also necessary to take an antispasmodic or analgesic. The attack can be stopped by intramuscular injection of five milliliters of baralgin solution.

Medicamentous treatment is carried out with such drugs as a solution of atropine, promedol or pantopone. In the event that renal colic is protracted, a novocaine blockade of the spermatic cord is prescribed on the side of the lesion.

The attack, accompanied by a significant increase in body temperature, is an indication for an urgent hospitalization in the department of urology, where such procedure as catarrhization of the ureter will be performed.

Concerning the prognosis of this disease, we can say the following: with proper diagnosis, timely treatment and appropriate treatment, the outcome is more than favorable.