How to make a foundation for a cottage or a bathhouse.

If you bought a plot of land and already plan to build a comfortable house with a bath and the necessary buildings, then you need to know how to make a foundation. It is the qualitative manufacture of this design will increase the service life of any structure, and you do not need to spend extra money for a global restructuring of the building or a quick overhaul.

What you need to know before you make a foundation on the site? If all the construction work you intend to do on your own, you will need to obtain information about the location of groundwater and freezing of soil in your area. It is necessary to draw up a draft of the future structure and calculate the structural load per one square meter of the finished basement. All these data will help determine the type of foundation and the amount of building material.

How do you get information on the ground and water yourself? Simple enough. On the proposed site of construction, dig a pit no less than 1 meter deep. In the process of work you will see the composition of the soil. In the absence of water, we can say with confidence about the deep location of groundwater. If the excavated soil is made up of stone, sand and gravel, then a simple strip foundation with a depth of 50 centimeters is quite suitable for you. If the pit is filled with water, then the depth of the trench for pouring or piles will need to be made from 0.5 to 1.5 meters.

How to make the foundation correctly? First, stock up all the building materials and place them next to the future work site. With the help of pegs and a strong cord, mark the area that will be larger by a meter on each side than the estimated area of the building. After that, clear the site for construction, if necessary leveling the relief and removing the soil layer at least 15 centimeters. Before you make a foundation, you need to remove the shrubbery and trees from the site. Otherwise, young growths and the root system of plants will damage the construction of the house and will contribute to the destruction of the foundation.

On the prepared site, the location and width of the trench for filling the solution are marked. In the places of marking, the whole soil is taken out to the required depth and width, which is larger than the walls by 20-30 centimeters. At the bottom of the whole trench a thick layer of sand is poured and leveled. What else should you do before you make a foundation for your home? Make a formwork of boards, take care of the presence of reinforcing bars and waterproofing materials. After all the preparatory work has been carried out, the formwork is installed and fixed, it is necessary to make a reinforcing mesh of rods. To fasten them together you need to use welding or binding wire.

For pouring, use a ready-made mortar of concrete. If you do not have such an opportunity, then prepare it yourself. To do this, you need to mix 4 pieces of rubble, 3 parts of sand, 1 part of cement and dilute the mixture with water until thick. The highest density of the prepared solution will allow your design to be stronger, and the foundation to grasp faster. When filling the trench with mortar, do not forget to insert the length of the pipe to the entire width of the foundation, above the ground level by 10 centimeters. They will act as a vent.

After the concrete has completely hardened, dig out the foundation, remove the formwork and thoroughly penetrate the walls with hot bitumen from the outer and inner sides, allow to dry out and fill the voids with soil. Be sure to close the finished structure with several layers of ruberoid, fastening them with hot bitumen to each other and fixing on the foundation. At this point, you need to align the surface using the level, outputting to the zero mark.

You are worried about the question, how to make a foundation for a bath? The process of its manufacture is no different from the construction of a similar structure for a house, with slight differences in the consumption of building material and area.