Inhabitants of the sea (photo). Dangerous inhabitants of the sea. Find out in what seas sharks, whales and dolphins are found

Secret has always attracted and attracts a person. The depths of the world's ocean have long been considered the mysterious kingdom of Leviathan and Neptune. Tales of snakes and squid, the size of a ship, made the most experienced sailors shiver. Unusual and interesting inhabitants of the sea will be considered by us in this article.

We will talk about dangerous and amazing fish, as well as about such giants as sharks and whales. Read on, and the mysterious world of deep-sea inhabitants will become more understandable to you.

Marine life

The water surface occupies a much larger area than the land. In the depths of the world ocean lies not one thousand puzzles that attract scientists and extremals. Today, only a part of the animals inhabiting the water column is known.

In this article, we will try to briefly touch on the most interesting facts about marine life. You'll find out why the deep-sea fish has a fishing pole on its forehead with a flashlight. You will learn about the variety of sharks and understand that only a few species represent a real danger to humans.

Also we will consider some deep-sea fish. The photo of these unusual animals resembles a fauna of fantastic worlds from Hollywood movies. Nevertheless, they are real inhabitants of the ocean on the planet Earth.

So, our tour begins with a review of deadly fish species that live in the seas and oceans.

Dangerous inhabitants of the sea

In this article we are talking about a variety of marine animals. Before touching large individuals, like dolphins, sharks and whales, we will consider dangerous inhabitants of the sea.

The main reason for the death of unlucky divers is poisoning poison, and not an attack of sharks, as it may seem.

The most deadly can be called several species of fish. This fish-stone, fugue, zebra fish (or lion fish), ramp, moray eels and barracuda. The first three are very poisonous. The fluid contained on their thorns causes a neuromuscular effect. Scat can kill with one blow the bone sword on the tail or current, if stepped on the electric representative of the species. The moray eels and barracuda are less dangerous, but they can confuse the foot or hand of a diver with a fish and cause a ragged wound. Without proper assistance, a person, as a rule, does not survive.

Also, a special danger lurks in the crevices of stones on the bottom and accumulations of algae. Here are found not only the above-mentioned fish, but also scorpion, lionfish, wart and skalozuby. These animals are harmless and will not attack the first. But an accidental provocation is possible because of careless touch. The fact is that they are very well camouflaged and difficult to distinguish against the background of the surrounding landscape. In view of this, divers are advised to swim in pairs or in groups, rather than alone. In case of a sudden injection and worsening of well-being, you should immediately go to the surface and consult a doctor.

In the course of the article you will see a photo of the inhabitants of the sea. It will be giants and dwarfs, unusual anglers and fish in the form of a chill.

Types of sharks

The most dangerous inhabitants of the seas are sharks. Today, scientists have more than four hundred and fifty species. You will be surprised, but there are very small representatives of these predators. For example, near the shores of Colombia and Venezuela live deep-sea shark Etmopterus perryi, whose length is about twenty centimeters.

The largest species is the whale shark, which can reach twenty meters in length. Unlike the extinct megalodon, it is not a predator. In its diet includes squid, small fish, plankton.

It is noteworthy that sharks do not have a swimming bladder characteristic for fish. The way out of this situation different species have developed in their own way. For example, sand sharks collect air into the stomach and create a semblance of a nonexistent organ. Most, instead of the bladder, use the liver. There is accumulated squalene hydrogen carbonate, which is fairly light.

In addition, sharks have very light bones and cartilages. This creates a neutral buoyancy. The rest is created by constant movement. Therefore, most species sleep very little.

It is often asked which sharks in the Black Sea can attack a person. The answer is unequivocal. In this body of water there are only two species - katran (spotted prickly shark) and scyllium (cat's). Both varieties are completely safe.

Only divers can meet them face to face, but even then the only threat will arise when you try to catch the cathran with your hands. He has poisonous thorns on his skin. They will not attack, because the person is bigger than them. The length of these species varies about a meter.

In what seas are sharks found

This information will not prevent those who are going on a trip. Tourists are often interested in the question of what seas sharks are found in. Usually, such excitement is caused by concern for their safety. In fact, the attack of a shark on a person is quite rare.

Statistics say that only a few species of sharks attack humans. And the reason is often that the fish has not figured out who is in front of it. In fact, human meat does not belong to the selected products of this predator. Studies say that by biting it off, the shark usually spits out, because it does not apply to the high-fat foods that it needs.

So, how many seas can become a refuge for dangerous predators? This is the majority of the coasts that are directly related to the water area of the world's oceans. For example, the Red Sea, the seas of the Far East and others.

The most dangerous are considered only four species of sharks - long-winged, tiger, tupory and white. The latter two are among the most deadly. White shark - one of the most powerful predators. She can feel a drop of blood at a distance of five kilometers and stealthily sneak up on the victim. All this is due to a specific color that makes it invisible from the surface.

Ghana, Tanzania and Mozambique, according to unofficial statistics, are considered the most dangerous countries in terms of shark attacks. According to official data, Brazil, Australia and New Zealand, the USA and South Africa are among them.

In the Mediterranean Sea, of the most dangerous species, there are long-winged and tiger sharks. These same fish can swim from the ocean to the Red Sea. The northern seas, as well as the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, are completely safe in terms of attacks on humans by sharks.

Species of whales

The most huge inhabitants of the sea are the whales. To date, despite their impressive size and quite large populations of some species, animals are poorly understood. Annually there are unexpected discoveries of new detachments or specific habits.

At the moment, scientists know about eighty species of whales. Readers will undoubtedly be interested to know that the nearest relative of this mammal is the hippopotamus. In addition, initially the whales lived on land and were artiodactyls. Researchers say that the ancestor of these giants descended about fifty million years ago.

Biologists distinguish three orders of cetaceans - toothed, mustached and now extinct ancient whales. The first include all species of dolphin, sperm whale and porpoise. They are carnivores. They feed on cephalopods, fish and marine mammals, like seals and seals.

Moustached cetaceans, unlike the first, do not have teeth. Instead, they have in their mouths plates, better known as "whalebone." Through this construction, the mammal draws in itself water with small fish or plankton. The food is filtered out, and the liquid is ejected through a special hole in the form of a famous fountain.

These are huge animals. The largest of the moustached is the blue whale. Its mass reaches one hundred and sixty tons, and its length is thirty-five meters. The total number of researchers is ten. These are blue, gray, dwarfish, humpback, southern and bowhead whales, seiwal, finwal and two subspecies of minke whales.

As you can see, the sea and its inhabitants keep many interesting secrets. Let's see where these giants are found.

What seas are found in whales

Sailors say that a whale in the sea is like an elephant in a china shop. For these giants it is peculiar to plow the depths of the world ocean. Only occasionally they appear in the inner seas, it is more possible to enter the marginal and inter-island regions.
A family of rorquals, for example, the humpback whale, blue, finval, minke whale and sei whale, prefer to stay in the seas of northern latitudes. The reason for this behavior is that in the more southerly waters, different parasites and prilipals cling to them.

For example, whale lice can cause ulcerative abscesses on the body of these giants.
Among the minke whales, the above-named individuals are the most frequent inhabitants of the seas.

The names of the water bodies into which they swim are the following: White, Barents, Greenland, Norwegian and Baffin sea in the Atlantic and Chukchi in the Pacific.

The blue whale is known today in four varieties. Its northern and southern species inhabit the cold seas of the corresponding hemispheres, while the dwarf and Indian species are prone to living in tropical latitudes. Because of the special interest of whaling, this animal was practically destroyed by the middle of the twentieth century. In 1982, they began to introduce a moratorium. Today there are about ten thousand individuals in the world.

Thus, whales, like dolphins, whose photos will be presented later, live in virtually all areas of the world's oceans and in the marginal seas. Inland water bodies such as the Mediterranean and Red Seas, they do not swim due to lack of depth and lack of necessary food.

Types of dolphins

Undoubtedly, the most popular and friendly for human beings are dolphins. Photos of these mammals will be presented later.

To date, there are about forty varieties. Eleven of them live in the reservoirs of the Russian Federation.

If you divide these marine inhabitants by birth, you will get a rather interesting picture. There are motley, gray, black, as well as Malaysian, Irvadian, hunchbacked and large-toothed dolphins. There are hunchbacked, long-legged, beakless, short-headed and protodelfins. It also includes killer whales, small and dwarf killer whales and bottlenose dolphins.

In particular, it is the latter species that is most popular in the literature and cinema. With a high degree of probability, the inhabitants of the word "dolphin" will remember the representative of this species.

But not all dolphins are the inhabitants of the sea. There are four river species. They are characterized by poor vision and a weak sonar. Therefore, these mammals are on the verge of extinction.

For example, the Amazonian river dolphin has a pink color and is considered sacred in Indian tribes. Also live these amazing creatures in the Ganges, Chinese rivers and La Plata.

If we talk about the external signs of this animal, we can mention the following. They can reach two meters in length, the pectoral fins about sixty, and the dorsal fins up to eighty centimeters long.

The number of teeth in dolphins is not constant. It varies from one hundred to two hundred. It is noteworthy that there are quite large flocks of these mammals, up to several thousand heads.

A few surprising facts about dolphins. Their brain is three hundred grams heavier than the human brain. Also there are twice as many convolutions in it. They have the ability to sympathize, and their "vocabulary" totals up to fourteen thousand different sounds. The signals are sonar (for orientation) and communicative.

Man applies these mammals in both peaceful (pet-therapy) and military (detection of mines, kamikaze for submarines) purposes.

In what seas dolphins are found

How many seas on the planet, as many habitats of different types of dolphins. But their range is not limited to such water bodies. They live in rivers and in the open ocean.

Varieties of dolphins vary depending on the temperature of the sea. For example, in the colder northern latitudes there live the so-called "northern" representatives. These include belugas and narwhals, or sea unicorns.

The first live in places where there is no permanent ice crust. They are not able to break through the frozen water. In cold winters the beluga migrate south to the Baltic Sea or the Sea of Japan. It is noteworthy that this species can not be without breath for more than fifteen minutes, so they do not sink deeply. Also, beluga whales do not jump out into the air like southern brethren. The breathing hole manages to become covered with a crust of ice even for the second that they inhale.

Narwhals are more adapted to northern conditions. The tusk, for which they were called unicorns, is a hypertrophied version of the tooth. Usually it is found in males, most often on the left side, although they are also found with two tusks.

Narwhals pierce the horn of a polynya, so that unarmed females and cubs can breathe. Therefore, they constantly keep in the herds.

However, the southern varieties are more popular. Photo of these mammals adorns many logos, replicates in different industries. Representatives of dolphins of warm seas are shot in films, they are admired by tourists. Also these animals are used for therapy.

They can be found in any sea from temperate latitudes to the equator. But the most famous is the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin. They reach four meters in length, consume about fifteen kilograms of fish per day. They are easy to train, non-aggressive, on the contrary, very friendly.

The main difference between oceanic dolphins and sea ones is in the depth of immersion and the ability to do without oxygen for longer.

The Magic World of the Black Sea

Now we will touch upon the fauna of one of the most interesting seas of our planet. This is the Black Sea. It has the maximum length from east to west 1150 kilometers, and from north to south - 580 kilometers. Specificity of the reservoir lies in the fact that deeper than two hundred meters there is not a single living organism, except anaerobic bacteria. The fact is that further, down to the bottom, the water is strongly saturated with hydrogen sulfide.

Therefore, fish living in the Black Sea, choose the upper layers or shelf, where the bottom varieties are concentrated. These include bulls, flounder and others.

Biologists say that this pond inhabits four times less of different species of living beings than in the Mediterranean. Of these, only one hundred and sixty types of fish. The poverty of fauna is explained not only by the high content of hydrogen sulphide, but also by the low salinity of water.

Sea dragon, sea cat and scorpion are the most dangerous fish living in the Black Sea. On their skin and tail there are poisonous outgrowths, thorns and thorns. In this pond there are only two types of sharks, which do not represent the slightest threat to humans. This is a sea dog (katran) and a cat shark, which, like a swordfish, sometimes penetrates the Bosporus.

Also in the Black Sea there are salmon, trout, anchovy, herring, sturgeon and other species of fish.

The most interesting deep-sea fish

Next, we will study the most unusual inhabitants of the sea. They are different in color, structure, method of mining and protective mechanisms. You will be surprised at how unlimited fantasy nature has.

The palm of the championship, undoubtedly, is occupied by deep sea features. It is a predator living at a depth of one and a half to three kilometers. It is noteworthy that males are parasites on the body of a female. They have a size of about five centimeters, with the size of a female up to sixty-five centimeters and weighing about twenty kilograms.

The main feature of this fish is a special outgrowth on the forehead with a gland on the end. Outwardly, it resembles a fishing rod, for which the fish are also called angler fish. Bacteria in the gland can radiate light, on which the fish that serve as the livelihood of this predator merge.

The second unusual marine inhabitant is the baghole. It's a fish up to thirty centimeters. But he can swallow the victim four times more than himself and up to ten times heavier. This ability is achieved due to the absence of ribs and the presence of a large elastic stomach.

Like the previous representative of the sea inhabitants, the bigot can swallow the victim more than he himself. Specificity of this fish lies in the fact that the head with a huge mouth is one third of its body, the rest resembles an eel.

There are also very unusual deep-sea fish. Photo of the fish-drop you can see below. This is an incomprehensible animal in the form of jelly. While its meat is not edible and is found only near Australia, this species is on the verge of extinction. Fishermen catch it for souvenirs.

Thus, in this article, we, dear readers, have become acquainted with the terrible and dangerous inhabitants of the seas. We learned about different types of whales, sharks and dolphins. And also talked about in what latitudes it is possible to meet them and how deadly some individuals can be.