How many hymns does this country have, and who wrote the anthem of Russia?

Who wrote the anthem of Russia? Which of the several hymns are we talking about? There were at least three of them. And if you consider that the modern Russian Federation is the legal successor of the USSR, you can add three more. And after 1917 before the formation of the USSR in 1922 there were two more. So who wrote the anthem of Russia, what and when?

The state abroad is usually recognized by three symbols: a coat of arms, a flag and a hymn. These three attributes are necessary for any self-respecting sovereign state . But it was not always so. This word appeared in the Greek language - "hymnos", and it signified a solemn song dedicated to the deity, this is a musical work of an official nature. In Europe, the most famous was the UK anthem "God save the King." It was used from the middle of the 18th century and was borrowed in the 19th century by more than 20 European countries. Among them was Russia. After 1812 the Russian poet A. Vostokov composed a march "A Song to the Russian Tsar". Later, the philologist VA Zhukovsky changed this text, and Alexander Pushkin added two verses to it. Therefore it is difficult to say who wrote the anthem of Russia: Vostokov, Zhukovsky or Pushkin. In 1816, at the military parade in Warsaw, the first hymn was executed and gained the status of the state. But it lasted only until the 30s. And then the new Tsar Nicholas I somehow said with boredom that he "bored so many years listening to English music", after which he summoned the devoted composer A.F. Lvov and ordered to compose a masterpiece of hymnology. AFLyov concurrently commanded the royal convoy, and in his spare time escorted the family members of Nicholas I and his friends in home royal concerts. For the pro forma they arranged a competition, many musicians took part in it. Among them was MI Glinka. After much hesitation and meditation, the music was written by AFLovov. A word again composed VA Zhukovsky. Since December 1833, the whole hymn was sung by the whole of Russia.

In 1917 the anthem "God Save the Tsar" lost its relevance - Tsar Nicholas II abdicated. Again it took a new hymn. The search began. The most suitable was the "Workers' Marseillaise" (Russian words based on the original music of the anthem of the French Republic), written in 1875. By 1917 it was already considered an unofficial anthem of the revolution. However, when during the meeting of the leader of the RSDLP VI Lenin at the Finland Station of Petrograd, the orchestra played the "Marseillaise", Lenin suggested: "Let's sing the" Internationale ". Thus, in January 1918, it became the property of Soviet Russia, and then it went into use for the USSR (until the end of 1943) and in combination with the Third Comintern.

In 1943 they decided to dissolve the Third Comintern, and the "Internationale" (as the Party anthem of the Third Comintern) was inherited by the VKP (b) (later - the CPSU). So the USSR lost its anthem. On the eve of these events, a secret competition for a new hymn for the USSR was announced. It was pointed out that the names must necessarily include the names of Lenin and Stalin.

The military correspondent S. V. Mihalkov and the poet G. El-Registan won the contest. So from the beginning of 1944 a new hymn of the USSR appeared. After the death of Stalin and until the mid-70's

Years, only music was performed (by AV Alexandrov) or only the first verse and refrain - Stalin's name was in the text. In 1977, with the adoption of the new Constitution, the text was rewritten. The author is again SVMikhalkov.

In 1991, after the collapse of the USSR, the Russian Federation again remained without a hymn. For a while there was only Mikhail Glinka's music "The Patriotic Song".

Russia received its last anthem in 2000. And, as you think, who wrote the anthem of Russia in this version. Of course, Honored Writer of the hymns of Russia. And since 2000 the updated hymn of Russia, whose author S.V. Mikhalkov, and the composer A.V. Aleksandrov, sounds with new force to the glory of a great country.