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Kabardino-Balkaria: religion, history and interesting facts

A small republic not only by the standards of Russia, but even by the Greater Caucasus - Kabardino-Balkaria. The religion of this region differs from the generally accepted in the country, but not at all is the republic famous for the whole world. It is here that the highest mountains of Europe are located.

History

Balkaria and Kabarda were completely separately existing regions until 1922. Part of the Russian Empire Kabarda became in 1557, whereas Balkaria - only in 1827. Officially, these territories were transferred to our state in 1774 according to the Kyuchuk-Kainarji agreement.

Kabarda and our country have always been on friendly terms, especially when they became close after Ivan the Terrible took the daughter of Prince Kabarda, Temryuk Idarov, to his wife. In 1561, Goshana became the wife of the Russian ruler, after accepting the name Mary after her baptism. Her brothers moved to serve the tsar, having founded the family of princes of Cherkassy, who gave Russia a lot of politicians and famous commanders.

In 1944, "thanks to" Stalin was deported Balkars. In Central Asia, more than 37,000 people were sent by 14 echelons, among them were babies and ancient old people. Their fault was only that they were born Balkars. On the road, 562 people died. At the final point of the way, carefully guarded barracks were broken for the people. For as long as 13 years, people actually lived in camps. Care without permission was equated with running away and was a criminal offense. The history of the Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria on this seemed to be interrupted, since even in the title only Kabardians were allowed to remain. Fortunately, in 1957 the Balkars were rehabilitated and the republic was returned to its former name.

Since ancient times Kabardians lived on the plains, whereas in the mountains - Balkars. To this day, the situation remains virtually unchanged: the vast majority of villages in the mountains belong to the Balkars. Gradually the mountaineers descend to the flat part of the republic. In addition to these two peoples, the republic is inhabited by about ten nationalities, including Russians.

Republic

First of all, Kabardino-Balkaria, whose religion is an important part of culture, is known due to the highest mountains: on its territory is located a large part of the world-famous five-thousandths.

The relief rises as you move south - the northern plains gradually rise and bring the traveler to the main Caucasian ridge. It is here, next to Karachay-Cherkessia, Mingi-Tau, known to the majority as Elbrus, rises.

Kabardino-Balkaria, whose religion and language are inextricably linked with the beginning of the history of these peoples, is in no hurry to urbanize. On the territory of the republic there are only 8 cities, which remain true to the precepts of antiquity. The rest of the population lives in villages and villages, located high in the mountains, on the banks of rivers or in gorges. The largest gorges are very different both in terms of natural conditions and in terms of development. So, the Baksan Gorge is a well-known route for tourists to Cheget and Elbrus. While the Hulamo-Bezengiyskoye remains today a little developed zone, accessible only to walkers and climbers. Common to all the gorges remain to this day two things: amazing, incredible beauty and sheep.

Kabardino-Balkaria, whose religion forbids the use of pork, focuses on the breeding of sheep. Even where there is no visible human habitation up to the horizon, flocks are walking around. It is worth pouring thunder, frightening the animals with their rumbling rolls, in the piercing silence there are no less piercing cries of sheep. This produces an incredible impression - the roll call of the elements, the panicky voices of nature. Slightly less popular in the republic are cows. These animals are not afraid of anything and, in any disturbance of nature, are still slowly moving along the roads, stolidly working their jaws.

High in the mountains, with great luck, you can see the real symbol of the Caucasus - mountain tours: in the early morning these animals make their way through the mountain paths to the places of grazing.

The origin of Kabardino-Balkaria suggests a large number of mountain auls, whose life has remained unchanged for many centuries. However, after the deportation, despite subsequent rehabilitation, people were not allowed to return to their homes. This explains the ruins of the settlements, according to which only the wind is walking today.

However, there are authentic villages in the republic. Even nowadays things are happening here just like hundreds of years before: in the central part of the settlement, elders gather to discuss business or leisurely conversation. Children run around the streets, women bake hips, knit socks. The most natural way here are the centuries-old traditions and everyday life.

Religion

Over the years, Kabardino-Balkaria becomes more and more religious. Religion has a positive effect on all areas of the population's life: for example, there are no drunken or homeless locals here. Smoking woman in rural areas will not only cause bewilderment, but will also wait for comments from residents. Long skirts and scarves are worn by most women. In cities, however, young people increasingly disregard these conventions, but you will not see frank clothes on the local people here. When traveling to Kabardino-Balkaria, it is worth considering these features and not taking too tightly fitting outfits or an extreme mini.

Customs

The obvious difference between Balkarians and Kabardians from Russians is incredible hospitality. They are able to invite guests whom they barely had time to meet. By tradition, neither children nor the hostess sit at the table with the guest and the men. They are watching from the side, waiting for the moment when their help may be needed. In cities, this tradition is almost forgotten, but in the villages it is firmly adhered to. Sit down with the hostess will not work, so just thank her for his hospitality.

In the Caucasus it is considered extremely impolite to interrupt the interlocutor, but to kill a person older than you by age is simply impossible.

What is the Republic famous for?

You can come to the republic all year round: there is always entertainment for the season. Of course, in winter on the first place is rest at the ski resorts and climb to the heights. However, this is not only a winter holiday - there is always snow on Cheget and Elbrus, you just need to climb higher.

In the warm season, mineral water, mud, climatic resorts, hot springs and pine forests with their healing air are popular in Kabardino-Balkaria. In addition, come here and lovers of hiking, horse tours, climbing climbing.

Transport

It is easy to reach major cities, as well as to tourist destinations. Let infrequently, but regularly buses run from Nalchik to all the gorges. At any of the resorts, it is not difficult to get there by taxi. However, traveling through the passes is possible only on very passable cars. The passenger car will be able to move only in the Baksan Gorge.

Trains can take to Terek, Nalchik, Maisky and Cool. On the main territory of the republic laying of railroad tracks is not available due to the characteristics of the relief.

Kitchen

A lot of kinds of cheeses, various products from milk, active use of vegetables are all Kabardino-Balkaria. Islam is a religion that excludes the use of pork, therefore lamb is used most often. People prefer to drink ayran - fermented milk product. Wine is sold only in tourist places, despite the fact that for most of the Caucasus is associated with home wine.

Souvenirs

A lot of knitted things can offer Kabardino-Balkaria. Religion (which, of course, Islam) makes it possible to eat mutton, but these animals are famous for their hair, from which women knit beautiful and warm things.

Very popular with tourists are ceramics, which are exactly the same as archaeological finds. Chasing, chain mail, products made of bronze and leather are the things that travelers in the Elbrus region are happy to acquire.

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