Forms of schooling - a variety of classifications.

Forms of schooling reflect the external organization of interaction between the teacher and students and are implemented in a certain order and mode.

Advanced pedagogical practice has accumulated a huge arsenal of organizational forms of education. Attempts to classify the forms of training allow researchers to allocate more than ten classifications for various parameters.

So, the method of obtaining education involves several forms: full-time, correspondence, evening, external.

The most extensive is the classification, which is based on the training system. Individualized and collective learning systems are distinguished. Some of them were popular in their time, others became traditional and are considered the main ones.

The class-lesson system, theoretically grounded by YA Komensky, is universally recognized throughout the world and leads the organization of school education for several centuries. It assumes a constant composition of students of the same age and level of training, whose training takes place in accordance with the material distributed over the years and lessons in a separate subject. Lessons for school subjects alternate according to the schedule. The advantage of a class-lesson system is a clear structure, economy, the possibility of organizing the educational process in a permanent team of students. Disadvantages of the system are small individualization of education, isolation in a certain organizational space.

Forms of training were constantly being the object of experiments and studies of teachers-reformers, who sought to improve the effectiveness of the class-lesson system.

At the heart of the Bellancaster system (England) is the idea of mutual training of students.

Mannheim system, formed in Europe in the 20 years of the twentieth century, was oriented toward differentiation according to the abilities of schoolchildren (classes were formed on the basis of examinations and strong, average, weak achievements of students).

Batavia plan is a system of organization of training, in which two teachers worked with the class, distributing frontal and individual work with students among themselves.

In the future, active forms of learning acquired popularity. Thus, the Dalton Plan (USA) was aimed at active self-mastering by the students of the school curriculum based on the tasks of the teacher, using work in workshops and laboratories.

Brigade-laboratory training in domestic pedagogy in the 20 years of the twentieth century until 1932 became a kind of modification of the Dalton plan.

Ideas of flexible distribution of study time and the choice of individual forms of education lay in the basis of the Trump plan (50s of the 20th century). This system includes the organization of lectures in large groups of students (100 people, 40% of study time), the organization of work in small groups (10-15 people, 20% of the time), individual work of students in school cabinets (40% of the time).

In high school and vocational schools   Lecture-seminar system of training.

Forms of teaching in the school in the national didactics are divided into school (lesson, elective, association of additional education), extracurricular (homework , excursions, distance learning). According to the number of students, frontal, group and individual forms of education are allocated.

It is worth noting the modern form of training, which has developed in recent years. This is distance learning, which is based on computer telecommunications. The learning process takes place independently under the guidance of a tutor (teacher-mentor). The new opportunity for high school students (distance courses in separate subjects), children with disabilities, was appreciated. In the future, researchers note the possibility of using this form of education for students in rural schools, for students who have gaps in knowledge of a subject. Distance learning contributes to the implementation of the curriculum in full during epidemics or natural disasters.

The forms of training are constantly developing in accordance with advanced pedagogical concepts and modern requirements for school education.