Writers, "hillbilly": Fedor Alexandrovich Abramov, Vasily Ivanovich Belov, Ivan Ivanovich Akulov. Rural prose

Village prose is one of the trends in Russian literature of the last century. It was born in the 50s. The works of representatives of this direction have been studied by schoolchildren for a decade in the lessons of Russian literature. Many of the stories and novellas of writers-"rustics" are screened by both Soviet and Russian cinematographers. The work of the brightest representatives of village prose is the topic of the article.

Features of rural prose

Valentin Ovechkin is one of the first prose writers who sang in the pages of their works the life of the Russian outback. The very definition of village prose entered literary criticism not immediately. The affiliation of the authors, who are today called writers-"peasants", to a certain direction in prose for a long time was questioned. Nevertheless, the term eventually acquired the right to exist. And it happened after the publication of the story of Solzhenitsyn "Matrenin yard." Under rural prose, not only works dedicated to the inhabitants of the village, but also a complex of artistic and stylistic features, were understood. What are they?

Writers, "peasants" in their works raised issues of ecology, the preservation of national Russian traditions. These prose writers talked about history, culture, moral aspects in the life of the inhabitants of the remote area. One of the brightest representatives of rural prose is F. Abramov.

In his small, capacious works, he was able to show the life of a whole generation, whose representatives, as we know, especially experienced the consequences of the historical events of the 1920s, the hardships of the post-war period. But the work of this prose writer will be briefly described below. First it is necessary to bring a list of writers, "hillbilly".

Representatives of village prose

At the source of the literary trend was F. Abramov. In a row with this writer also put V. Belov and V. Rasputin. It would be impossible to reveal the theme of Russian village prose without mentioning such works as Astafyev's Tsar-Fish, Krupin's Living Water and, of course, Solzhenitsyn's Matrenin Dvor. Vasily Shukshin made an important contribution to the development of rural prose. A bright rural color is present on the pages of Vasily Belov's books. The list of writers who dedicated their works to the customs and traditions of the Russian village includes N. Cochin, I. Akulov, B. Mozhaev, S. Zalygin.

Interest in writers-"peasants" was observed in the 80's. However, with the collapse of the USSR, other genres became popular. Today the books of Vasily Belov, Fyodor Abramov, Valentin Rasputin, the stories of Alexander Solzhenitsyn have found a new life. They are regularly reprinted, they are shot by feature films (films "Live and Remember" in 2008, Matrenin Dvor in 2013).

Fedorov Abramov

One of the most famous representatives of rural prose was born in the Arkhangelsk region, but spent most of his life in Leningrad. Abramov volunteered for the front in 1941, went through the whole war. And only after her graduation I was able to get higher education at the Faculty of Russian Philology.

Abramova is called the patriarch of village prose for that scrupulousness with which he tried to comprehend the causes of the tragedy of the peasantry, the social characteristics of the village. The reference to this topic put Abramov on a par with the most significant figures in the Soviet literature of the sixties and seventies.

Why did so many villagers have to leave their native homes in the 50s and go to the city? To this question Abramov, along with Shukshin and Rasputin, tries to answer in his works, which have long become the classics of Russian prose. The fate of the hero who left the village is always tragic. The style of Abramov, like the style of other writers-villagers, is not peculiar to grotesqueness, imagery. The most significant work in the work of this prose writer is the novel "Brothers and Sisters."

Vasily Belov

This writer is a native of the village of Timonikha of the Vologda region. Belov was aware of the hardships of village life not by hearsay. His father died in the Second World War, his mother, like millions of Soviet women, was forced to raise children on her own. And they had five. In one of his works, "Irreversible years", the writer told about the life of his relatives - the villagers.

For many years Belov lived in Vologda, not far from his small homeland, in which he drew material for literary creation. Widespread fame to the writer brought the story "Ordinary". And it is this work that secured him the title of one of the representatives of rural prose. In the stories and stories of Belov there are no sharp plot twists, there are few events in them and almost no intrigue. Belov's advantage is the ability to masterfully use the national language, create vivid images of village residents.

Valentin Rasputin

A well-known prose writer once said that it's his duty to tell about the village, to sing it in his works. He, like other writers, referred to in this article, grew up in the village. He graduated from the Faculty of History and Philology. The debut in the literature was the publication of the story "The Edge Near the Sky." Fame brought "Money for Mary."

In the seventies, the books of Rasputin Valentin Grigorievich enjoyed considerable popularity among the Soviet intelligentsia. The most famous works are "Farewell to Matera", "Live and Remember". They put the prose writer on the list of the best contemporary Russian writers.

Other books by Rasputin Valentin Grigorievich are collections, which included the novella The Last Duration, Ivan's Daughter, Ivan's Mother, Fire and stories Kostrovye Novye Gorod, Siberia, Siberia. Not once the filmmakers turned to the work of this writer. In addition to "Live and Remember" is worth mentioning and other films created by the works of Rasputin. Namely: "Vasily and Vasilisa", "Meeting", "Money for Mary", "Rudolphio".

Sergey Zalygin

Representatives of rural prose often include this author. Zalygin Sergey Pavlovich for several years served as editor of the New World. Thanks to him and some other writers in the late 80's, the publication of Solzhenitsyn's works was resumed. As for the creativity of Zalygin himself, he created such stories as "Oskin Argish", "On the Big Land", "Morning Flight", "Simple People".

Ivan Akulov

"Kasyan Ostudny" and "Tsar-fish" - novels, included in the list of the most significant works of rural prose. The author of them - Akulov Ivan Ivanovich - was born in a peasant family. In the village the future writer lived up to nine years. And after the family moved to the city of Sverdlovsk. Ivan Akulov passed the war, was demobilized in 1946 in the rank of captain. His creative career began in the 50s. But, strangely enough, he did not start writing about war. In his literary works, he recreated the images that he remembered in his childhood, images of simple villagers who had suffered many adversities, but who had not lost their strength and faith.

Vasily Shukshin

It is worth mentioning also about this writer, known not only as a representative of rural prose, but also as a director, scriptwriter with a rare and unique talent. Vasily Shukshin was originally from the Altai Territory. The theme of the small homeland was a red thread in his work. The characters of his books are contradictory, they can not be attributed to either negative or positive characters. The images of Shukshin are real, real. After the war, the future writer and director, like many young people, went to a big city. But the image of the village remained in his memory, and later came to light such works of small prose as "Cut", "Mother's Heart", "Red Kalina".

Matrenin yard

Solzhenitsyn can not be attributed to representatives of rural prose. Nevertheless, the story "Matrenin Yard" is one of the best works reflecting the life of rural residents. The heroine of the story is a woman devoid of self-interest, envy, anger. The components of her life - love, compassion, work. And this heroine is by no means the fiction of the author. With the prototype of Matryona, Solzhenitsyn met in the village of Mil'tsevo. The heroine of Solzhenitsyn's story is an illiterate inhabitant of the village, but she attracts readers' attention, as Tvardovsky said, no less than Anna Karenina.