The image of Raskolnikov in the novel "Crime and Punishment". The hero of the novel "Crime and Punishment"

F. FM Dostoevsky's novel "Crime and Punishment" has for a century and a half caused a lot of controversy and ambiguous assessments. This is due to the ideological design of the work, which embodies the main character Rodion Raskolnikov. The causes of the crime and its behavior invariably lead the reader to reflect on the role of the individual in history, about how destructive an obsession can be that embraces a person's consciousness.

Based on the philosophical theories of questions about the superman and the "cult of heroes" that persecuted Rodion, they were also worried about the writer himself.

Prototypes of the protagonist

The image of Raskolnikov in the novel did not arise spontaneously. He has several specific prototypes.

1. Twenty-seven-year-old clerk G. Chistov, who lived in Moscow. Like a hero, he killed two old women with an ax, then he took money and valuables from their chests. This news was published in the September issue of the newspaper Golos for 1865.
2. The Frenchman Lassener is a murderer, justifying his crimes by acting as a fighter for justice.
3. Dostoevsky's aunt A. Neophytov, who, together with the writer, claimed her inheritance. He dealt with the forgery of valuable tickets, which resonates with Raskolnikov's idea of quick and easy enrichment.

It should also be mentioned the great Napoleon, whose image appears on the pages of the novel. And Pushkin's Herman. They believed that a strong person has the right to kill a worthless little man, if it benefits everyone else. A similar theory is guided by the hero of the novel "Crime and Punishment".

Thus, the idea of the novel was based on a real basis, and was not solely the fruit of the creative imagination of the writer.

"Nowhere to go"

The key to understanding the spiritual state of Dostoevsky's hero is in many ways the description of St. Petersburg in the novel Crime and Punishment. The analysis of the life of ordinary people and the image is not magnificent and majestic, as it is more often represented, but a beggar, a stuffy, constantly pressuring city man - that's what is important for the writer. This is what surrounds Raskolnikov. His idea is maturing in a tiny little room where everything: duty to the hostess, the need to pledge valuable valuables, care for food, - makes the hero constantly feel "humiliated and insulted." The idea of Raskolnikov becomes more and more strengthened when he sees that in even worse conditions Marmeladov lives, learns about the deed of Sonya, who sacrificed herself for the sake of the family, recalls the need for the sister to marry a wealthy man so that he, the beloved brother, could finish his studies. Thus, through the image of the "yellow" and unsightly Petersburg reveals the image of Raskolnikov in the novel "Crime and Punishment".

On the road to murder

The moral torments of a young man and the constant search for ways out of this situation lead him to the possibility of getting rid of an unwanted old woman of interest. The thought that her death would be a boon to the multitude of people who came to her debtors was accidentally overheard by Raskolnikov in the tavern.

Then there is a series of events that strengthened him more and more in the correctness of the idea. This acquaintance with the Marmalade and Sonia. A letter from his mother about the imminent marriage of Dunyasha. Dirty scene with a drunk girl and Svidrigailov on the boulevard.

Dostoevsky gradually draws a new image of Raskolnikov in the novel "Crime and Punishment". Rodion is increasingly convinced of the correctness of the decision. And only a terrible dream with a dying horse shows what kind of struggle all this time took place in the soul of the hero. Despite the fact that the very fate seems to patronize Raskolnikov in the commission of his "great" cause - this is an overheard conversation, and immediately fell into the hands of an ax, and a story with an empty room in the old woman's house, the soul of a young man protests and never Will reconcile with the accomplished.

Development of the idea of the individual, the right of having

However, the act of Raskolnikov is not confined to caring for the "humiliated and insulted." Having arisen in a small, cramped and dirty little room, his idea of social injustice is further developed.

He refers to the history of mankind. An analysis of the actions of such figures as Napoleon and his ilk brings the young man to the idea of dividing all people into "ordinary" or "creatures quivering" and "extraordinary", "having the right."

The image of Raskolnikov in the novel "Crime and Punishment" is evolving. The hero gradually departs from his initial reflections. Now for him the main thing was not the salvation of a few who needed the price of killing an insignificant old woman, but testing their own theory in practice. Who is he, Rodion Raskolnikov: "the trembling creature" or the person who "has the right"? And all the other justifications of the action could no longer hide the absurdity of his idea.

Then followed a "test", which could still alert the hero and save from the fateful step, the murder itself, the constant torments of conscience, which were aggravated by the meetings with the investigator Porfiry Petrovich, and, finally, the realization of his insignificance.

The image of Raskolnikov in the novel "Crime and Punishment" is rather complicated. For the author, it was more important to show how the hero's soul was split up when there was an unceasing struggle between opposing principles: love and hatred, evil and good, disgrace and beauty, and so on.

The ideological design of the novel "Crime and Punishment"

Analysis of the behavior and psychological state of Raskolnikov, thus, shows how the idea of social injustice was perverted development and eventually led the hero to a crime. Evil, even if it is committed in the name of good, has no right to exist - the author brings this to the reader's mind.

The hero of the novel "Crime and Punishment" goes to penal servitude. He is only on the way of rethinking what he did, but we can assume that the moral purification and rebirth of the hero is still possible. And the true punishment for him was moral torment, caused by the realization that he could not cross himself.

The significance of the novel and the image of Raskolnikov

The merit of F. Dostoevsky is great, since he tried to show what kind of power over a person can gain the idea of his exclusivity. In this respect, the conclusion that arises from the analysis of Raskolnikov's image is quite obvious: any theory, however much it is justified, most often turns out to be absolutely powerless before the realities of life.