Which foundation is better for a house of timber. All about choosing a foundation for a house of beams

Wood in the construction was used by our ancestors. From it erected unique in style residential buildings. Some monuments of architecture, erected from this material, exist to this day. Time passed, and construction technologies gradually changed. In place of the tree came brick, foam concrete, cinder block and so on. Only now wooden houses have found their former popularity. They are raised from different types of forest. Only that's what the foundation is better for a house from a log or log, not everyone knows.

How to choose a foundation?

The question of what kind of foundation is better for a house made of timber is taken care of by a person who wants to build a dwelling of this material on his countryside plot. After all, a solid foundation is the guarantee of a long life of the structure. Great importance is the soil on the site. And it can be:

• Homogeneous;
• Fine-grained;
• Peat.

An excellent option for any type of foundation is the first type of soil. To build a house on it, it will not be necessary to excel with various technologies. The foundation in this case can be any.

Note. On this basis, the structure will not shrink during the entire service life, deform under the influence of moisture and warp.

Fine-grained soils are not so practical. They can be sandy or clay. They can withstand all loads well only in dry weather. But as soon as rain falls, or flooding occurs, the soil immediately begins to "swim". This creates an additional load on the foundation, and for this reason it begins to deform: it changes shape, gives cracks.

Note. If it is wrong to choose the type of foundation for such a soil, then eventually it will cause deformation of the entire structure.

The most unfortunate is peat soil. As a rule, it can be found near forest plantations, in swampy terrain, near lakes and other water bodies.

Important. Experts do not recommend building on such soil residential houses, as they can begin to deform from the impact of moisture on the foundation.

In order to determine the type of soil on the site, special geodetic surveys are carried out. They will allow you to determine exactly which foundation is best for a house made of timber. According to the report, you can find out how much of this or that component is in the soil.

Also it is necessary to take into account the level of freezing of the soil on the site in a certain area. After all, the depth of the foundation must be lower than it. This will protect the whole structure from moisture if snow melts. You can set this level yourself. To do this, in the beginning of spring, when snow falls, the surface of the ground is removed with a shovel and it is checked how deep there is still frozen soil. And you can ask for advice from a neighbor or contact a geodetic service.

Varieties of foundations under the house of a bar

In order to determine exactly which foundation is best for a house of timber, you must first know all the characteristics of the bases that are used to build such structures.

So, you can build:

• Monolithic base;
• Pile;
• Tape;
• Columnar;
• Slab.

All these types of foundations differ not only in manufacturing technology, but also in their technical characteristics. Only based on them, you can determine what kind of foundation is needed for a house of timber.

Note. Previously, you need to learn from experts all about choosing the foundation for a house from the timber, so that the structure was strong and served by faith and truth to more than one generation of tenants.

A solid foundation under a wooden house

With certainty it can be said that such a foundation is the most practical and most popular for erecting any house. Despite its advantages, it has one, but rather significant drawback - the cost. When calculating such a basis take into account the amount of material required:

• Sand;
• Cement;
• water;
• Other additional components.

The latter include hardeners and other minerals that improve the strength of concrete and its resistance to virtually all impacts.

The advantages of such a foundation

First, the base has extraordinary strength. Depending on its depth, it can withstand multi-storey buildings from any material. Secondly, the foundation is durable. It does not have a definite period of operation. In some cases, even with the demolition of the house you can use the basis for erecting a new one.

Council. In this case, certain work is under way to reconstruct and strengthen the foundation.

How to build a monolithic base?

Used to build this foundation for the house of the bar, the instruction. So, initially the dimensions of the future structure are determined and the foundation pit is dug out of the required depth. Further, formwork is made of wooden boards. Then you need to prepare a concrete solution. All ingredients are kneaded in a concrete mixer, so that the composition has a uniform structure.

Once the concrete is ready for pouring, a reinforcement is laid to reinforce the strength of the substrate and the solution is poured.

Note. Such a foundation must dry and get stronger. It takes at least 20 days.

Some experts recommend giving the base to survive for several seasons. It is especially important in this case to catch in the works of autumn and spring.

Pile foundation

If it is already determined which foundation is better for a house made of timber, we select materials for it. For example, if this pile foundation, you will need piles of wood or metal.

Important! The most reliable and reliable metal piles are considered. The material from which they are made is more resistant to various influences.

It can not be said that the wooden piles will be less reliable. Rather, they are less functional, as they can not be used on any ground.

Pile foundation features

The main advantage of such a foundation is its universality. It can be built on any soils, since the emphasis and load of the structure will only affect the piles.

Note. It is for this reason that it is worth considering the load of the future structure to prevent the piles from being deformed.

Deepen such ground constituents in the soil by at least 1.5 meters. Everything depends on the number of storeys of the structure and its mass. Piles in the construction will be much cheaper than a solid foundation. Because of this, they are often chosen for the construction of wooden structures.

Prior to the entire perimeter of the future building at a distance of not more than 1-1.5 m digging pits of a certain depth. They make podsypku of:

• Sand;
• Gravel;
• Crushed stone.

Then piles are piled and concreted according to the level in this pit. The solution is prepared analogously to the construction of a monolithic base. During the work, it is necessary to make a waterproofing of the piles with the help of ruberoid and polyethylene film.

Strength base of this type is found for 30 days. After that, the top harness is made of wood or metal pipes. Only then on the foundation a frame is built, on which the walls of the wooden house are mounted.

Ribbon foundation and its characteristics

What is the best foundation for a house made of timber? This question can not be answered unambiguously. It all depends on the type of soil on the site. Tape foundation is something adjacent to the monolithic and pile foundations. It is made of:

• Small pillars;
• Concrete solution.

First, the marking is made and the excavation of a shallow depth is excavated.

Note. If the structure is multi-storey, then it is better to make the depth of the foundation in 1 m.

Secondly, the poles are installed and concreted. Over them, formwork is built and a concrete solution is poured. Since it is not possible to carry out all such works on the same day, the filling is carried out in stages.

Important. Strength of such a foundation takes several weeks.

Column base

This foundation is a kind of pile. Only here instead of piles using concrete poles. They can also be laid out of bricks. Above the ground surface, such a foundation should protrude 30-50 cm.

Important. It is suitable for such a foundation on soils that are prone to underflooding by groundwater. Due to the fact that the structure will be at a height, moisture will not cause its destruction.

What kind of foundation is needed for a house made of timber? The technology of construction of this type of base is quite simple. Initially, digging in 1-1.5 m is digested. In them brick poles are laid or ready-made ones are installed. Then all this is poured with a concrete solution into which, in addition to standard ingredients, crushed stone is added.

Plate foundation

There can be any foundation for a house made of timber. What to choose from the famous, many do not even know. The most important thing is to assess preliminary the technical and qualitative indices of the soil, the level of occurrence of soil water. Plate foundation is considered the least popular. This is due to the fact that it can not be used on any soil. It does not have underground supports, and in case of flooding the slabs can deform and move. All this happens even with a good connection.

It is built on the surface of the ground with a small depression. Preliminary in the place assigned to it, a pile of sand and gravel is made. Also lay insulation materials that can protect the structure from moisture and unfavorable climatic influences. Then the plates are laid, the intervals between them are poured with concrete solution. In some cases, use reinforcement, which is laid out on top of the plates and poured with concrete.