What is psychological compatibility?

It happens that with some people we feel comfortable and confident, but with others we are constantly on the verge of conflict. With the first quickly approaching, with the second can not find a common language. What is the reason?

We are so different...

The ability to understand the partner (in communication, working together) and interact with him is influenced by many factors: education, age, circle of acquaintances and even the cultural level. If one of the above is fundamentally different in people, between them there are often disagreements and misunderstandings, up to complete rejection. In this case, they speak of psychological incompatibility.

What is psychological compatibility? Can it be determined in advance without bringing the matter to the conflict? What does the term "psychological compatibility" mean?

Levels of psychological compatibility

Psychological compatibility is a multi-faceted and multi-level concept.
Psychophysiological compatibility of temperaments is of great importance.
Socio-psychological compatibility depends on the social status of partners, their professions, level of education. However, education usually does not have a significant effect on people's compatibility, but the level of general culture for mutual understanding is very important, as is the level of the overall development of the individual. Psychologically compatible are people whose views on the organization of their joint activities for solving common problems are sufficiently coordinated. That is, the psychological compatibility of people largely depends on their functionally-role expectations.

And the highest level of compatibility can be called such a value-orientation unity, when partners do not just agree with each other's opinion, but share a shared decision and assign responsibility for it not only to another, but to themselves.

Psychological compatibility in the team

Most of the time we spend at work. Therefore, it is understandable that everyone's desire to feel among colleagues is easy and confident. Often people between the high salary among the hated colleagues and the lower in the friendly team choose the latter option. Tranquility and positive emotional contacts are for many more important than money and career. After a tense relationship in the workplace can be great to poison our lives. And there are a lot of such "poisoned" misunderstandings at work. To avoid this, when staffing each team, the manager must take into account not only the professional qualities of the applicant, but also provide for the results of joint activities with the rest of the team. In other words - take into account the psychological compatibility of employees. But what does the term "psychological compatibility of team members" mean?

This is the manifestation of certain psychological properties of its individual members, on which the success of the performance of group activities largely depends. Simply put, the term "psychological compatibility of team members" is defined as the possibility or impossibility for the people entering into it to work productively together, feeling at the same time comfortable and secure.

When compatibility is particularly important

Now, when it became clear what the term "psychological compatibility of the collective" means, one can argue that the possibility of fruitful cooperation of colleagues is determined by several decisive factors. Psychologists are sure that personal compatibility becomes more important for psychological comfort in the team, the longer people work together.

The importance of compatibility depends on the size of the team. In groups with a large number of employees, factors of psychological compatibility are of less importance.

But in small - from 3 to 7 people - collectives of great importance for the creation of a normal psychological microclimate has the maximum similarity of the natural properties of colleagues, the compatibility of their characters, types of nervous system, levels of physical endurance, efficiency, emotional stability.

In a few groups, the psychological compatibility of team members is often even more important than their professional skills. The latter can be taught, but is it possible to overcome the psychological incompatibility?

Types of psychological incompatibility

The psychological incompatibility of the members of one collective is manifested in the inability to understand each other in critical situations, the inconsistency of mental reactions, the difference in thinking, attention, values. Such people do not enter into friendly relations, do not respect each other, and sometimes even feel dislike towards colleagues. Psychological incompatibility not only poisons people's lives, but also negatively affects the quality of work.

This incompatibility manifests itself in different ways:

• Psychophysiological incompatibility manifests itself as intolerance to the habits of another person, and sometimes even to his smell.
• Socio-psychological incompatibility is manifested most often, if the "roles" in the team are distributed incorrectly, unfairly.
• Socio-ideological incompatibility is the incompatibility of worldviews and beliefs. It can lead to civil confrontation.

Is it possible to combat psychological incompatibility?

It often happens that partners in critical situations do not understand each other at all, "do not hear" their counterpart, they can not make a common decision in this situation. After such psychological friction, everything simply falls from the hands, working capacity decreases, and the quality of life falls sharply. In this case, the task of the leader is to try to bring the team together, create a friendly atmosphere of trust in it.

But how to do that? And is it possible in principle to create a comfortable working atmosphere in a team that unites people of completely different psychological types, often incompatible with each other?

Three ways to resolve differences in the team

If the psychological compatibility of team members leaves much to be desired, you can use one of the following methods:

1. Try to prevent conflict. To do this, avoid provoking the emergence of disagreements and disputes of situations.
2. In time to remind the most conflicting colleagues about professional solidarity, that we are all one team. Thus, it is possible to smooth out the emerging conflict and not allow members of the collective to begin to manifest aggression.
3. An effective way is to find a compromise, taking the opponent's point of view not completely, but to such an extent that it will allow to suspend the conflict.

But all these are only external ways that do not eliminate the root of the problems - the psychological incompatibility of workers. Therefore, the best solution is to conduct a psychological test with each new member of the team for compatibility with existing employees. And it is even better to take into account social and psychological criteria of compatibility of its members beforehand, even at the stage of formation of the collective.

Take into account the psychological types of people

The successful solution of the task of forming a psychologically compatible collective largely depends on whether the leader forming the team knows the psychological types of people. Two psychological types are known: introverts and extroverts.

Introverts are more reserved, hesitant, more inclined to contemplation than to active activity, they are socially passive. Introvert - a person careful, hidden, pedantic, he prefers to usually work monotonous.
Extroverts, on the contrary, are open-minded people, sympathetic, helpful, easily adapt to new conditions. An extrovert is sociable, charming, straightforward in judgment. Unlike the introvert, it is quite initiative. Such people are focused on external evaluation of their activities. Extroverts do a good job, which requires quick decision making.

In its pure form, introverts and extroverts are rare. In each person there are traits of both psychological types. But they need to be able to determine and take into account when forming a team.

Psychological Compatibility of Spouses

Compatibility in the family is also an important condition for the stability of the pair. The understanding of conjugal compatibility is close to the satisfaction of husband and wife by marriage. The compatibility of loving people who have created a family is manifested in the consistency of attitudes, the similarity of spiritual ways, in accordance with the characters. An important component of conjugal compatibility can be called consistency of the views of both on the functions of the family.

Speaking about the psychological compatibility of spouses, we can not fail to take into account domestic compatibility, nationality of spouses, their religion. Equally important for compatibility are also the relationship of spouses to relatives, the unity of the principles of the upbringing of children, the distribution of household duties. And even a different sense of humor can cause incompatibility of loving people.

How does temperament affect compatibility?

Important for the compatibility of people in groups, be it a work collective, or a family, combinations of types of temperaments and characters. If a person's character is formed on the basis of experience and can change during life, then temperament is given from birth, it can not be changed. But to take into account to determine the psychological compatibility must necessarily.

Of course, in pure form, choleric, sanguine, melancholic or phlegmatic practically can not be met, but one of the types of temperament in every person still prevails. What are they different and what exactly should be taken into account?

People with the same temperaments react to what is happening around the same way, similar to their feelings and behavioral reactions. Therefore, it is easy for such people to understand a friend, to predict the course of thoughts and actions.

But here's the paradox: the closer the relationship between people, the more compatible are just the opposite temperaments, which perfectly complement each other.

Features of people with different temperaments

Choleric patients are distinguished by a strong nervous system, they change their activities without problems. But the nervous system of people of this type is somewhat unbalanced, which is often the reason for their intolerance with other people. Choleric people can change mood for no apparent reason. They are quick-tempered, impatient, prone to emotional breakdowns.

The sanguine people also have a strong nervous system, they have excellent performance, they easily move on to other activities, communicate with all people without problems. Sanguinists are almost always in a good mood, they are looking for new experiences, quickly respond to what is happening around them, comparatively easily experience failure.

Phlegmatic people also have a strong nervous system, they are quite efficient, but they are hardly involved in new activities. It is difficult for phlegmatic people and to adapt to the new situation. The mood of the phlegmatic is usually even, he is always calm and confident. The people of this temperament also characterize the constancy in the relationship.

Melancholics are people of a weak type of nervous system, they have a low level of mental activity, they quickly get tired. For melancholics is characterized by great emotional sensitivity, sensitivity to others. Thanks to these qualities with melancholics it is easy to get along. But they themselves, experiencing problems within themselves, are often in a bad mood, they are hypochondriac and tearful.

The guarantee of compatibility is the optimal combination of value orientations, genotype and ... altruism

Summing up, it should be noted that psychological compatibility is defined as mutual acceptance by people of each other, which is based on the similarity or mutual addition of their value orientations and personal characteristics.

Ideally compatible would be people of about the same age, temperament, biological rhythms, health status, activity in sexual life, one level of education, and which also have the same goals, and the ways to achieve them also do not differ. And perfectly compatible people are ready to take responsibility for each other and joint decisions. But in life, such coincidences are almost impossible.

But nevertheless we have psychological compatibility with people, in many respects different from us. And to achieve in their own lives compatibility with close people and colleagues will help, perhaps, not in time carried out a psychological test for compatibility, but the desire to make it so that others around us are good. Perhaps this is the key to psychological compatibility?