What is mixed martial arts? Mixed Martial Arts Tournament

Mixed martial arts is a kind of martial arts, which is often unknowingly called "fights without rules." In fact, this combination of martial arts. The battle takes place in full contact, so it is allowed to conduct a fight in the shock and wrestling technique on the floor (in the stalls) and in the rack (in the clinch). For the first time such term as MMA (Mixed Martial Arts), was introduced in 1995 by the president of the organization of mixed martial arts Battlecade Rick Blum. Over time, this name has become generally accepted not only in English-speaking countries.

History of creation

Contemporary mixed martial arts originate from the Vale Tudo competitions, which in literal translation from the Portuguese language means "everything is allowed". In countries such as Japan and Brazil, the roots of the "mixfight" have been shifting to "joke-rigging" since the 1930s. At that time, the two most prominent representatives of ju-jitsu announced an official invitation to fight any man.

As for Japan, the fighter of mixed martial arts in the 70s of last century Kanji Inoki had several fights on the combined rules. And it is concrete on June, 26th, 1976 there was a phenomenal meeting with legendary boxer Mohammed Ali. Initially, we planned a standard fight, in which the standard rules of mixed martial arts will operate, but two days before that, several restrictions were introduced, which subsequently greatly influenced the outcome of the match. Kanji Inoki was allowed to kick with exceptionally one knee position on the mat, so he battled the whole fight on the floor, and Ali managed to inflict only 6 hits. The whole meeting was so uninteresting that after that, no such competitions were held for a long time. And because of the fact that Inoki did not admit Ali to himself, defending himself with "low kicks" and falling at his feet, even the question of continuing his boxing career began.

Despite the fact that mixed martial arts did not get much distribution, Kanji sometimes continued to hold similar meetings, and already in 1986 the first organization was formed that dealt with similar battles and was called "Shuto".

Development in Russia

A significant contribution to the development of mixed martial arts was made by the famous Bruce Lee, back in the 60's. That philosophy, which he preached, was called "Jitkundo." The main principle of it was the ability to adapt to any kind of combat. Thus, the teachings and films with Bruce Lee made a significant contribution to the development of the MMA. No wonder already in 2004, the president of the association for fighting without rules, Dane White said that Bruce Lee is the "father of mixed martial arts".

As for the birth of the "mixfate" in the territory of the USSR, it can be said with certainty that its appearance is due to such martial art as Sambo. In the distant 1938 it was developed on the basis of some other martial arts.

In modern Russia, mixed battles are somewhat inferior to the development of the same America, where the MMA grew into something like a cult, which every year worships more and more people of all ages, color, sex and religion. But at the same time it is worth noting a huge contribution to the development of this sport Fedor Emelianenko, who together with his brother and director M-1 Vadim Finkelstein develop this species in Russia. It is thanks to these people that in September 2012 the Ministry of Sports officially recognized the MMA, and together with this the Union of the MMA of Russia was created.

MMA in the world and Russia

It's not a secret for anyone that Mixed Martial Arts is gaining popularity more and more all over the planet and Russia, in particular. Some experts claim that this kind of martial arts takes its origin long before our era, but, in principle, there is some truth in this, because even the gladiators of Ancient Rome owned all possible (at that time) combat techniques.

The appearance of this kind of meetings in the ring allowed completely to force out fights without rules. It's no secret that virtually every second soldier of mixed martial arts came to this sport after street "artisanal" fights, in which almost everything is allowed.

Bellator

Mixed Martial Arts Bellator is an American organization that conducts tournaments under its aegis. The winner is determined by the Olympic scheme. Weight categories are very diverse, and the struggle for the championship belt is even among the female representatives.

The founder of the organization "Mixed martial arts Bellator" Björn Rebni. Since its inception and until modern times, the company is based in Newport Beach. Tournaments from this association are held every year and have the name "seasons". Activities from this organization are quite popular and spectacular, you can often see not only an interesting fight, but also a lot of newcomers who will prove themselves well, and subsequently become champions with world names. But such tournaments are not only an opportunity for starters for beginners, but also competitions with professional fighters.

Top 10 best fighters

10. Rickson Gracie - Brazil. More than 400 victories in various martial arts.

9. Frank Shamrock is an excellent fighting technique. Returned to the professional ring after a 7-year hiatus.

8. Chuck Liddell - "Ice" - thanks to his knockout blow very often prematurely finished fights.

7. Mirko Filipovich - "Cro Cop" - in addition to the championship in the MMA, was the champion in kickboxing in the rules of K-1.

6. Matt Hughes - "Baby" - ten years raised above him the belt of the absolute champion in welterweight.

5. Kazushi Sakuraba - developed a unique style, through which he managed to come out victorious in many battles.

4. Randy Couture - "Natural". Member of the Hall of Fame UFC and five-time heavyweight champion.

3. Vanderlei Silva - "The Assassin with an Ax." Fully justifies his nickname thanks to early victories over the recognized champions.

2. Antonio Rodrigo Nogueira - "Minotaur" - has a unique ability to carry out a lightning-fast and successful counterattack after the attack. Master of pain management.

1. Fedor Emelianenko. The best champions and fighters of the world tried to crush the Russian athlete. On account of 2 losses and 5 years of unconditional victories.

Weight categories

Clothes for fighters

If we talk about clothes, which are allowed mixed martial arts, fighters have the opportunity to go on the confrontation in shorts (as for men). It is also forbidden to use kimono. This is a forced measure that is taken in order to exclude the possibility of suffocating reception by the collar and at the same time reduce the advantage of the fighters that go to the fight without outer clothing. For women, in conjunction with shorts, special sports bras are also used.

rules

For the fighter every fight is basic, but most of the responsibility lies on his shoulders, when this or that tournament is taking place. Mixed martial arts means a set of rules, which must be obeyed. For example, the hands are put on special pads, in which the fingers are free. These "cue ball" is much thinner than the same boxing gloves, because of which every blow can be decisive. A lining, in turn, reduces the risks of dissection.

The time period of all battles often amounts to 3 rounds of 5 minutes each. As for title fights, their number increases to 5.

It is worth noting that some rules in different countries have several differences, but almost everywhere are forbidden:

• Attack with fingers of unprotected places;
• Bites;
• Finger grip;
• Strikes on the spine, in the groin, on the back of the head and in the throat;
• Pointing in the eyes.

End of battle

There are several options for ending the fight:

1. Voluntary surrender, when the fighter himself makes it clear to the referee who serves the meeting, that he refuses to continue the fight. This can be done verbally, or you can knock on an opponent or a mat.

2. In the case of a knockout (KO), when the opponent is unconscious or unable to continue the fight (by decision of the referee).

3. Technical knock-out (TKO) can be made in the event of the requirement of stopping the fight (for example, by the coach) or the inability of the fighter to continue the fight. This can be done by a doctor, an angular second or a referee.

4. By the decision of the judges.

This is exactly how fights are going on. Mixed martial arts are very interesting, and it is better to see once than hear a hundred times. There are times when even girls who by their very nature are very affectionate and vulnerable, dive headlong into viewing the duel and forget about everything. Therefore, at least once, but it is worth to attend such an event. As in ancient Rome, the people asks all the same - bread and circuses!