What does the verb signify? A verb as part of a speech

The verb is almost the most used unit of our native language. He meets in the texts written in the artistic, scientific, journalistic style, in colloquial and literary genres.

In this article you will find answers to the questions: "How is the verb characterized?", "What does it mean?"

Verb

It is an independent representative of our beautiful language. It performs two main tasks:

1. He speaks of the action performed by the object, the person, the phenomenon. For example: ran, jumped, peers, stands, is, eats.
2. Characterizes the state, property, sign, relationship of the object. Let's look at an example: I'm sick, I'm blushing, I'm jealous.

You can find out the verb in the sentence by asking the question "what to do?" Or one of its forms ("what do I do?", "What did I do?", Etc.).

Verb forms

All verbs are conventionally divided into four categories:

1. Initial, it's an infinitive. It is formed from the stem of the word by means of suffixing with "ti", "ti", "ch". This form does not change in persons, births and numbers. Tells what action is being taken. Able to speak in a sentence in any role. It has features of transitivity and recurrence. Can be characterized as a perfect or imperfective verb. Examples: be depressed, sad, dig, learn, view, love.
2. Conjugate forms. To this group can be attributed any variable form of the verb, which has permanent and non-permanent signs.
3. Communion - in modern Russian grammar is a special form of the verb. The task of this part of speech is to characterize the feature of an object by action.
4. The gerundive - according to one version, the invariable verbal form. Some linguists distinguish it as a separate part of speech. In the sentence, an additional, specifying action is indicated.

Kind of verb

We consider the first constant characteristic characterizing the verb. What does the word "form" refer to this part of speech?

All verbs can be divided into two large groups: the perfect species (CB) and the imperfect (NSW).

To find out what type a word belongs to, one can ask a question to its infinitive. If the verb answers the question "what to do?" - this is the perfect kind. If the question "what to do?" - imperfect.

Verbs related to a perfect species characterize an action that has reached its logical conclusion. Words from the imperfect group indicate a process that is still going on.

The perfect form of the verb is in most cases achieved by the prefix method.

Verbs Time

The verbs of past tense, future and present are distinguished in our native language. Any of them is easily recognized in context with knowledge of theoretical material.

Verbs of the past tense describe the action that ended at the beginning of speaking. It should be borne in mind that the time in which the narrative happens is not always expressed by the present. You may encounter an option where the future or the past tense will meet. For example: "I told my mother that I went to the cinema" - or: "He will say that he has successfully coped with the task."

Words belonging to the past tense change by gender and number. Create them in a suffix way, attaching "l" to the base of the initial form.

The present tense of the verb is found only in words belonging to the imperfect species. It is expressed with the help of a personal ending. Characterizes the action occurring at the time of speaking. It can also perform the following roles:

1. Characterizes an action that is repeated constantly. For example: "The mouth of the river falls into the sea."
2. Tells about the action that happens regularly. For example: "Every Friday at six o'clock she goes to dance."
3. Narrator of an event that could potentially happen: "Some guys are rude."

The future form of the verb tells about an event that will happen only after the moment of speech approaches the end. It can be represented by both perfect and imperfect verbs.

There are two forms of the future tense: simple and composite. The first is formed by the personal ending of the verb. The second is by adding to the basic word the forms of the token "to be" (I will, you will, and so on).

Certain verbs of the same time can be used in the meaning of the other. For example, the past tense can have the meaning of the present in the context: "It's forever like this: I have not seen anything, I have not heard anything".

Time is classified as a non-permanent feature.

Verb inclination

Inclination is another impermanent feature of the verb. It expresses the relation of this part of speech to reality. It is divided into three types: indicative, subjunctive, imperative. Each of them has a number of characteristic features.

Verbs related to the indicative mood represent a real action that takes place in the past, present, or future time. This is a distinctive feature. Words belonging to other inclinations can not be expressed by any time.

Imperative verbs are capable of conveying a request, an order, a wish, a council. They are formed in two ways: by means of the suffix "and" or by means of zero suffixation. In the plural, the ending "te" appears. The words of the imperative mood do not change from time to time.

The subjunctive verbs describe an action that could take place under a particular set of circumstances. This inclination is formed by adding to the word in the past tense the particles "would".

Verb: what does the word "conjugation" mean in its relation?

Conjugation is a constant sign. Its essence is to change the verb by persons and numbers. There are only two varieties of conjugation, which are usually denoted by Roman numerals I and II.

Find out to which conjugation the word can be attributed, is simple enough, if you remember simple facts:

1. If the ending of the verb is under stress, then the conjugation of the word is determined by this form. If it stands in an unstressed position - on the infinitive.
2. Verbs that can be defined in the group of the first conjugation are characterized by the endings "eat", "eat", "em", "eat", "ut", "yut". Relating to the second conjugation - "ish", "it", "im", "ite", "at" or "yat".
3. There is a group of unidirectional verbs, the forms of which, when modified, have a part of the endings of one group, the other part. These are the verbs "want" and "run."

In this article we have considered the verb (which means this part of speech). Acquainted with some of its constant and unstable signs, gave examples. In the future it will not be difficult for you to identify the verb in the text and give it a brief description if necessary.