Glucose 5%: instructions, indications

In what dosage is 5-percent glucose assigned? The instruction of this tool is described below. Also below are its properties, indications and methods of application.

Form, packing

Glucose 5%, the instruction of which is described below, contains dextrose monohydrate. This is an infusion drug, produced in glass containers, plastic containers, as well as in polymer bags packed in a pack of paper.

Properties of the medicament

How does 5-percent glucose work? The instruction states that this agent takes part in the metabolism in the body, and also enhances the reducing and oxidizing processes, improves the antitoxic activity of the liver and increases the contractile activity of the heart.

One can not help saying that the infusion of such a solution partially compensates for H2O deficiency. Entering the tissues of the body, dextrose is phosphorylated and converted into glucose-six-phosphate, which is included in the main links in the metabolism of the human body.

Features of the medicine

What is remarkable about glucose 5 percent? The instruction says that such a solution has a metabolic and detoxifying action, and is also an important source of digestible and valuable nutrients.

In the process of dextrose metabolism in tissues, a huge amount of energy is produced, which is extremely necessary for the normal functioning of the body.

The solution is isotonic. Its energy value is 200 kcal / l, and the approximate osmolarity is 278 mOsm / l.

Kinetics

How does the absorption of a solution like glucose 5 percent occur? Instruction (the newborn is prescribed only according to the indications) states that the dextrose metabolism is carried out through lactate and pyruvate to the water of carbon dioxide with subsequent release of energy.

This solution is absorbed completely, the kidneys are not excreted (observation in the urine is a pathology).

Additional pharmacokinetic properties of this drug are determined by the agents added to it.

Indications for administration of the solution

For what purpose can patients be prescribed a 5% glucose? Instruction (for children and adults this drug is recommended to be used for the same indications) reports that this remedy is used in the following cases:

• With extracellular isotonic dehydration;
• As a source of carbohydrates;
• For the purpose of breeding and transporting parenterally administered drugs (i.e., as a base solution).

Prohibitions for the introduction of

In what cases are patients not assigned glucose 5 percent? Instruction (for cats this tool should be recommended only by an experienced veterinarian) speaks of such contraindications as:

• Coma hyperosmolar ;
• Diabetes mellitus decompensated;
• Hyperglycemia;
• Decreased glucose tolerance (including metabolic stress);
• Hyperlactacidemia.

With caution, glucose is prescribed in case of heart failure of decompensated chronic type, hyponatremia, chronic renal failure (in oliguria and anuria).

Glucose 5%: instructions

For dogs and other domestic animals, this drug is administered individually, strictly according to the indications. The same applies to people.

The isotonic solution of dextrose should be injected into the vein at a maximum rate of up to 150 drops per minute. The recommended dosage for adult patients is 500-3000 ml per day.

For newborn infants and infants with a body weight of up to 10 kg, this medication is prescribed at 100 ml / kg per day. Exceed these dosages is not recommended.

People with diabetes dextrose should be administered only under the control of its content in urine and blood.

The recommended dosage for the use of the drug for the purpose of breeding and transporting parenterally administered drugs is 50-250 ml per 1 dose of the administered agent.

Adverse events

If the substance is used correctly, undesirable reactions are unlikely. In some cases , the glucose solution causes the development of hyperglycemia, fever, hypervolemia, acute left ventricular failure and polyuria.

There may also be local reactions in the form of thrombophlebitis, the development of infection, bruising and local soreness.

Special Information

In veterinary practice, the use of an isotonic glucose solution is very much in demand. This drug is actively used to replenish the body of animals with liquid and nutrients.

As a rule, this medicine is prescribed for cats, dogs, sheep and other animals with significant fluid loss, intoxications, shock phenomena, poisoning, liver diseases, hypotension, gastrointestinal diseases, atony, acetonemia, gangrene, cardiac decompensation, hemoglobinuria and other conditions .

The diluted and weak animals are considered to be the energy solution.

The dosage of the preparation and the method of its administration

Pet 5 percent glucose solution is administered intravenously or subcutaneously. The following dosages are adhered to:

• Cats - 7-50 ml;
• Horses - 0,7-2,45 l;
• Dogs - 0,04-0,55 l;
• To small cattle - 0,08-0,65 l;
• Pigs - 0.3-0.65 liters;
• To cattle - 0,5-3 l.

When administered subcutaneously, this dose is divided into several injections, which are done in different places.