Sports and FitnessAthletics

The Russian team will perform in Rio

The Russian team will be able to take part in the Olympic Games. This decision of the IOC pleased the athletes themselves and fans, although the text of the resolution contains many restrictive conditions, unprecedented in the history of international competitions. Nevertheless, the principle of collective responsibility, fundamentally unfair, has not been applied. So why there was a scandal, in what its visible and hidden reasons?

In sports you need to live bright ...

The resources of the human body are limited by its nature. At every Olympic Games and other international competitions, new records are set, seemingly to disprove this claim, but simple logic and basic knowledge of physiology do not allow to assume that someone will ever run a hundred-meter in three seconds, jump twenty meters in height or Will raise a ton and a half. Of course, the growth of achievements in recent years has become less rapid than in the days of the first Olympiads, and every tiny step is the result of tremendous efforts by athletes. In 1960, at the XVII games in Rome, a tragedy occurred, a Danish cyclist Jensen died on arrival - his heart could not stand the strain. This case was the first when a direct relationship had a dope to the death of a person. The use of stimulant drugs was banned, but the circle of permitted medicines remained rather blurred.

"Meldonius"

In the Soviet Union, more specifically, in the Latvian SSR, in the 80s a miracle drug was developed to regulate energy metabolism. If you do without medical terms, then it should serve to improve the cardiac activity of patients with ischemic disease. The main principle of the drug's action consisted in the ability of the pharmaceutical agent to balance the oxygen consumption of cells and improve its absorption by accelerating the transmission of nervous excitation, thereby accelerating the work of muscles. Meldonium was used for the prophylaxis of angina pectoris and infarction, it was recognized in 2012 as a vital therapeutic drug. Athletes, he also fell in love, especially since from January 2015 until early 2016, he was not considered doping. Narcotic components and other "hard" stimulants in this tool are not contained. In addition, "Meldoniya" has other positive effects, beneficial for improving mental abilities (memory, speed of thinking, better coordination of movements, etc.). Of course, doctors do not advise him, side effects are possible. Since January 1, 2016, meldonia entered the list of drugs banned for use by athletes during the competition, that is, it is actually recognized as doping.

Evidence of Stepanova

Sportswoman Yulia Stepanova (Rusanova), runner, became the main and almost the only source of information about the use of Russian athletes, "Meldonia". Based on her statements, the German documentary filmmaker Haio Zeppelt (ARD film company) made films that denounced not only the vicious practice of doping, but also allegedly state support for this unfortunate phenomenon. In particular, Stepanova claimed that the agents were transferred by agents of the FSB, and the leadership of the National Olympic Committee "could not but know" about this. Control, according to her, was carried out by Yuri Nagornykh, Deputy Minister of Sports. During the Olympics in Sochi, the samples were deftly replaced.

Report by Richard McLaren

Hino Zeppelta's films, of course, turned out to be fascinating, sensational and quite fit into the general concept adopted in the West, according to which one can expect anything from Russia. Today, athletes of this country are taking doping, and tomorrow no one will be surprised if the Baltic countries and Poland are occupied. But to remove the entire team from the Olympics in Rio on the basis of the film was somehow impossible, so the World Anti-Doping Agency WADA ordered the lawyer Richard McLaren to investigate, according to which he provided a report in which he proved, and, as claimed, "indisputably" As previously described by Julia Stepanova. Namely indulgence of the authorities of the Russian Federation in the matter of doping by athletes of this country. After this, the WADA agency called on the IOC to remove the entire national team from the Olympics, without exception and detailed proceedings.

The question before the IOC

The principle of collective responsibility is inherently flawed. Its use violates the rights of people who have no relation to a specific violation. In a more violent form, it manifested itself in the form of mass executions of hostages in the occupied territories. Of course, the suspension of the sports team in the whole composition can not be compared with the atrocities of the fascists, but the principle is similar. As for the main component of the report of Richard McLaren, that is, the involvement of the state in the actions of individual athletes who used "Meldonius" and hid it from the inspectors, it remained unproven, that is, in fact, unfounded. The final decision was to be taken by the International Olympic Committee. The task was not easy, in it, of course, there were at least three more components: political, economic and ethical. From the monetary point of view, the IOC risked seriously, the losses due to the refusal of the redemption rights of the broadcast games could be serious. The requirements of fourteen anti-doping agencies of different countries on the removal of the Russian national team did not simplify the task.

Compromise

IOC took a "weighted" decision. The Russian team will take part in the Olympics in Rio, but for the remaining days the international sports federations must decide which of the athletes to admit to the games, and who does not. In particular, those who have ever been involved in doping incidents, the road to the competitions is ordered. Almost all athletes are not allowed to participate in the Olympics. These measures may seem unnecessarily harsh, but since the complete exclusion of the Russian team was expected, they seem rather soft and compromise. Perhaps in the IOC have information or just assume the assumption that doping is still not only Russians. And if you dig deeper ...

The fate of the informant

The actions of Yulia Stepanova are treated differently. Perhaps what she told about doping in Russia, someone seems to be a civil feat done for the sake of justice. Others have reason to believe that the athlete told the international community about some facts or hypotheses, pursuing her own goals, not at all disinterested. After the publication of McLaren's report, the athlete even seemed to be allowed to compete under the Olympic flag, that is, not from the Russian national team, but independently, but the IOC canceled this decision. Julia Stepanov was removed from the Olympics, she took doping, and therefore can not participate in the games. In addition, her behavior is recognized as "unethical". This streamlined formulation clearly reads the contemptuous attitude of the IOC leadership to stoicism as a social phenomenon.

Policy

The American Anti-Doping Agency took the decision of the IOC to admit the Russian team to the Olympic Games in Rio as an excuse for protest. Travis Taigart, who heads the USADA, also pointed out the example of Yulia Stepanova, which was not good for future informants, who did not receive due compensation, in his opinion. As for the Minister of Sports Vitaly Mutko, he expressed gratitude to the IOC leadership for objectivity, as well as the belief that Russian athletes will be able to prove what they are capable of without any doping.

Well, there is no doubt that they will find themselves in conditions in which the use of "Meldonium" and other drugs is absolutely impossible.

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