The Apraksin Manor in Olgovo (Dmitrovsky District, Moscow Region): description, history

Dmitrovsky district of the Moscow region is known for its landowners Apraksin. Olgovo is considered to be one of the most beautiful places in the Moscow region. Lives here about two hundred people. They all know the history of this place well. People (mostly the older generation) still live in the past. New construction is practically not conducted here, the village is gradually degenerating. But the place is still interesting for many travelers, since there is a special atmosphere since the time of the local landowners.

A bit of history

The Apraksin Manor in Olgovo has a rich history that began in 1619, when the village was granted to the Dmitrov governor Fedor Vasilievich Chaplin for his services during the siege of Moscow by the Polish troops of Prince Vladislav.

For a hundred years, Olgovo belonged to the Chaplin family. Then, as a result of conjugal unions between representatives of various noble family names, in 1740 the estate passed into the possession of the most famous kind of Apraksin, whose representatives have done many things for the glory of the Fatherland. It was used as a summer residence.

The palace and park complex of the estate was formed in 1786. Architect Francesco Camporesi played an important role in the fate of the estate. It was he who was invited by the then owner of the estate Stepan Stepanovich Apraksin to participate in the construction.

At that time, the front and courtyard were built and a park with a cascade of ponds, each of which has its name: "Rustic", "Pink", "White Sparrow", "Black Sparrow", "Crimson Sparrow".

The original view of the manor

An integral part of the landlord life in the 18th century was active economic activity in estates, which brought a considerable income to the owners of estates using the labor of serfs. In this regard, the Apraksin estate in Olgovo was no exception. An intensive economic activity was conducted in the estate (a paper mill was working, horses of the Orel breed were bred). The presence of a large staff of domestic servants necessitated the construction of residential and kitchen facilities. Over time, the estate became a complex of residential and household buildings.

They were located on two perpendicular axes ("east-west" and "north-south").

From the east to the west, residential premises were built, and from the north to the south there was a courtyard. The approaches to the manor go along the linden alleys and are marked with red brick red obelisks preserved to the present day.

In the main courtyard are symmetrically located the manor house, wings, rooms for domestic servants. The exit gate was marked by two Gothic towers, of which only one has survived to this day. On the territory of the estate in 1715, according to the project of architect KL Druzhinin, the Vvedenskaya church with elements of Empire style was built. Near the church there was a church and parish school.

The house of the Lord, rebuilt by the architect of Camporese, is a real two-storeyed palace, the facades of which are decorated with pediments and terraces. In 1880 the building was rebuilt again, the pediments increased. The facade from the park side is decorated with a portico with a loggia and six columns.

Interior decoration

The interior of the house included two halls overlooking the front yard and the park. Both halls are decorated in classical style. The walls are decorated with pilasters. The choirs were supported by Corinthian columns. All the decoration and columns are made of wood, painted in marble. Between the pilasters on the walls there are plaster bas-reliefs of representatives of the genus Apraksin. The interior of the halls was decorated with family portraits of domestic and foreign painting masters, as well as furniture made by serf masters. At present this building is in ruins.

The earlier the Apraksin's estate was breathing in Olgovo? History tells very little about her turbulent life.

How the landowners had fun

Under Stepan Stepanovich Apraksin, noisy feasts with fireworks were arranged on the estate. Life was beating with the key. The estate was frequented by famous state and military figures, writers of the time. In the theater, located on the estate, opera performances were organized with the participation of invited Italian singers. Also, the troupe of the serf theater gave its performances. The economic basis for the well-being of the Apraksins was the breeding of the Oryol trotters in the stables of the estate. After the death of Stepan Stepanovich in 1827, noisy festivities in the estate stopped.

New Manor History

In 1880, the reconstruction of the manor buildings began (an outbuilding and two residential buildings for servants were erected, as well as kitchen buildings). The Apraksin estate in Olgovo slightly changed its appearance. Restoration then affected almost all rooms. On the site of the conservatory a southern wing was built. Subsequently, at the main entrance there were two residential buildings for yard people. The kitchen building was added to the house. Up to now, both wings - North and South - have been preserved. The second one was built according to the project of architect N.V. Nabokov from brick. The wings are interconnected by open arched passages, the balustrades of which were decorated with vases. The buildings for the servants included buildings for the family and separately for bachelors. Attached to the house kitchens do not have decorative details and are covered with plaster.

The buildings that were part of the economic complex of the estate have survived to this day and include office wings, weaving buildings, horse and cattle yards. For dressage horses of the famous Orel breed there was a riding school. Premises of the hostel are made of bricks. They form a small town with an arched gate.

Park area

Park manor is spread over forty hectares and by now represents chaotically growing coniferous and deciduous trees. The features of the initial regularity of the park are traced in the arrangement of groups of century-old fir-trees and larches. On them you can judge the composition of the park ensemble. The circle for the turn of the crews is bordered by seven huge old oaks.

The park ensemble included numerous arbours, obelisks. On its territory there was a triumphal arch, "Temple of virtue", "Turkish mosque", which were decorative buildings. Also in the park there are three ponds.

From the estate to the spa center

By 1917, the Apraksin estate in Olgovo was one of the richest land estates near Moscow. After the revolution, in the first years of Soviet power, a museum was opened in the estate, which was disbanded after several years. Part of the furniture and artifacts, which were of artistic and historical value, was transferred to other museums. Many items were lost. After the Great Patriotic War, the sanatorium "Raduga" was created in the former estate for the working people of the capital and the Moscow region. It was located in the former residential buildings for servants. Currently, the estate is privately owned. On its territory there is a resort center with a horse-racing club.

Manor today

Currently, the Apraksin estate in Olgovo is a territory owned by LLC Apraksin Center. In the property of a limited liability company there is a boarding house and ponds. The surviving stables of red brick now contain sheep. The church building and the lodge belong to the arrival of the existing Vvedensky church. The building of the church-parish school next to the church is in municipal ownership.

In 2008, the owners of the estate developed a plan for its restoration. To date, roofing works and ponds have been cleaned. The water supply system has also been improved and the water treatment plant has been put into operation. The plans of the estate owners include clearing the ruins of the manor house and recreating it in accordance with the historical appearance.

Restoration works of buildings are conducted using materials similar to those used in the XVIII century when they were erected. Reconstruction of the historical appearance is provided by the terms of the contract concluded when selling the territory to new owners. In accordance with this document, a complex of restoration works should be carried out, as well as unimpeded access to the territory of tourists.

The Apraksin Manor in Olgovo. How to get there

To get to the estate from the capital you can by driving along Dmitrovskoye highway before turning on Lobnya, following north through Ozersky, Udino, Khrabrovo to Fedorovka. Then you need to get to the turn to Podyachevo, from where there is a direct road to Olgovo.

Dmitrovsky district of the Moscow region is associated with Olgino. After all, the Apraksin estate is an object of historical heritage of the federal level and represents a unique example of the architecture of the 18th century. Picturesque places and clean air around are an additional incentive for tourists to visit the estate.

After examining the architectural and park ensemble, you can get an idea of the landlord life of pre-revolutionary Russia. The pond in the manor deserves special attention. Olgovo is frequented by lovers of fishing. Unfortunately, the tourist infrastructure of the estate is still largely at the stage of formation. Visiting a private equestrian club, you can ride horses and participate in the care of them. Also available is hotel accommodation in cozy rooms. The farm operates a fishing and hunting club, visitors who are given the opportunity to pay for fishing in the surrounding ponds. In the future, as the historical appearance of the estate is recreated, the recreation industry will develop. Perhaps, soon the village of Olgovo will become a popular tourist destination.