Standards are ... Quality Standards

Standards - this is what? What value do they have? What are they designed for and created for? What purpose do they pursue? We'll talk about all this in the framework of this article.

general information

First, let's give a designation to such a word as the standard. This is a sample or norm that is considered as a reference or template, the model of which is used as a basis for comparison with other objects or properties. But this is not the only meaning of this word. This can be called a certain normative document, where the basic set of norms, requirements and rules is defined. And it is understood that they can be used repeatedly.

As an example, you can consider quality standards. So, they are developed by the authorized body, which determines the general principles, characteristics and peculiarities of using the rules, which concern a certain type of activity or its result. In addition, it is worth mentioning about the gold standard. This is a special monetary system, in which this precious metal acts as the main equivalent and the unit of account. Something similar is the gold standard. This is the state of affairs in which a country's currency can be freely converted into this precious metal.

How does the formation take place?

So, we already know what standards are. This allows you to wonder how they are formed. They are based on the generalized results of scientific data, the study of practical experience, the perfection of technology. The main goal they pursue is to achieve the greatest benefit for the whole society.

Let's consider the process of their formation within the Russian Federation. As a researched subject there will be federal standards. It is possible that this information will sometime come in handy. So, the preliminary standard is initially created. It is a document that the relevant body has adopted for a certain time. For further development, it is brought to the attention of users in order to gain application experience. After this, a draft standard is created. These are the developments that are presented for discussion of all the parties that it will affect, with the subsequent approval of an acceptable option.

What kinds exist?

There are a lot of different standards. They differ in what is the subject of influence for them. There are such standards:

1. International.
2. Regional.
3. National.
4. The state.
5. Industry.
6. Standards of organizations, industrial consortia, engineering communities and scientific and technical enterprises.

Another approach

The previous classification is aimed at certain characteristics or processes. Depending on this, these standards stand out:

1. Qualities.
2. Educational.
3. Social.
4. Terminological.
5. Technical.
6. Occupational safety.
7. Documentation.
8. Ecological.
9. Breed of animals.

What is the state of affairs in the Russian Federation?

In the Russian Federation there are numerous state standards, as well as a large number of norms within certain enterprises or organizations. Some of them are mandatory for everyone who acts in a certain area. Some are developed by separate structures and are intended only for internal use. As an example of those that apply to the whole country, one can cite educational standards. They apply to all people who receive knowledge according to pre-prepared programs and under the protection of the state. After graduation, they will be able to obtain an official document on this as a confirmation of compliance with the standards. And this, in turn, gives certain advantages in terms of employment. Of course, if a person is self-educated for himself or for the purpose of starting his own business, then educational standards for him are not a matter of prime necessity. Then the most significant are exactly the real knowledge that can be used in practice and as a basis for creative activity.

Division by objects of standardization

Let's look at the situation in the Russian Federation, in more detail. So, they can be:

1. Fundamental.
2. On production products.
3. On the work processes.
4. On test methods (analysis, measurement, control).

What are the fundamental standards? They are created in order to provide understanding and interrelations in science, production and technology. As an example, we can cite international standards for environmental safety. Or use USB connectors. A large number of standards of general orientation is combined into one complex. This is done for the convenience of operating information. The product standards make certain requirements for the goods and services provided. They affect the general specifications and requirements. As a rule, the main parameters, classification, quality requirements for the final product, types of marking, safety and environmental requirements, storage methods, transportation conditions are of interest. In addition, the specifics of operation, maintenance and disposal can be specified. All these sections are not obligatory and are introduced only when necessary.

Standards for work processes are engaged in determining the requirements for certain tasks, which are performed at various stages of creating a product or providing a service. Most often, they are developed directly by enterprises, in which they are subsequently applied. Standards for control methods report what needs to be used and how to get the most accurate assessment of compliance with the requirements.

Categories of standards in the Russian Federation

Depending on the direction, tasks and scales performed, groups and standards are grouped differently. It can be such varieties:

1. The state.
2. Industry.
3. The enterprises.
4. Public associations.

State standards are aimed at services and products in which a significant number of people are in need. Their approval is handled by the State Standard of Russia. A single exception: if they are related to architecture, building materials and construction, then they are engaged in Gosstroy. If in addition they are recognized in other countries (after certain negotiations and other moments), then these are international standards. In such cases, they may be taken by the government of another state or be supported by separate treaties.

Industry standards regulate what and how it is produced within the framework of one direction of the development of the national economy. They must comply with the requirements of labor protection and industrial safety rules. They are approved by the sectoral bodies of state administration. Standards of enterprises are developed directly on them. Objects in this case are usually various issues of production management and organizational aspects. Although they can regulate and quality / product creation. Standards of public associations are created for modern test methods, newest products, innovative technologies, management processes of various organizational structures.

Conclusion

So we figured out what standards represent. This is a very interesting topic, and if you understand it well, you can confidently defend your rights to quality products and goods.