Purification of the reservoir using various methods

A pond, properly created, a lake or a swimming pool requires constant care. Therefore, cleaning the reservoir - artificial or natural - is a priority task that must be performed regularly, otherwise problems can not be avoided. But these procedures are traditionally also one of the most complex elements of the arrangement of water bodies. It is necessary that the planned purification of the reservoir be carried out as carefully as possible, preferably under the guidance of the relevant specialists. But if you are already going to perform this procedure with your own hands, then you need to study the topic of the question in more detail.

Basic methods of water treatment

Humanity at the moment has come up with 4 basic ways, each of which has its full right to exist. Biological, mechanical, chemistry and with the help of ultraviolet rays - each has a certain spectrum of influence on the contamination of the water space and surrounding shores.

Each method is relevant

For example, mechanics helps to effectively get rid of technical and man-made debris that has an inorganic character (it's not a secret that some materials of artificial origin will decompose in nature hundreds, if not thousands of years)! A mechanical compilation helps to get rid of them as quickly as possible. The biological method leads to normal indices the content of biogenic substances in the environment . Dry cleaning eliminates the harmful for all living in the pond chemistry. And ultraviolet strikes bacteria and algae, destroying them. Let us dwell on each of the methods in more detail.

Mechanical

At the moment - the cheapest and often used method. Purification of the reservoir is made with the help of mechanical filters, which allow you to get rid of the multiplicity of water plants and algae, debris that got into the environment. Water passes through a suitable container. It is filled with porous materials (it can be: quartz sand, granules or natural gravel of fine fractions - the smaller, the more microscopic particles are delayed). All the excess settles on the filters, and the liquid pours back into the reservoir. Contaminated water in the filter is pumped by means of a suitable pump (there are different capacities, it is necessary to select depending on the size of the water body being cleaned).

Sometimes the cleaning device itself becomes clogged, and water flows back to the pond more slowly. In such cases, it is required to place a fresh filter material in the container , first removing the consumed and contaminated (it is best to dispose of it, although some users prefer to rinse and refill in the savings plan).

The simplest device for mechanical cleaning, for example, a pool or a small pond can serve as a wide net with a long handle, which is very convenient to catch debris and foliage.

And some for cleaning in reservoirs with concrete or laid out stone use a special vacuum cleaner, which helps well from pollution by silt.

Biological method

Biological purification of the reservoir is based on the rapid decomposition of organic matter in a liquid medium with the help of aerobic / anaerobic microorganisms (located in special equipment). A biological filter is a porous substance into which bacteria fed organically are populated artificially. When the liquid passes through the filter, this organics is destroyed by microorganisms, and the water is purified at the biological level.

A good variant of biofiltration will be the organization next to the main stocked - a small pond for breeding crustacean zooplankton, which is also a natural biofilter. And the level of a small pond should be slightly higher than that of the main one. Contaminated water from a large pond is fed by a pump to a small one, where bioplankton lives, and the purified one flows freely back to the main reservoir, making a kind of cycling. This biological technology of water treatment is used in China and in Europe is already traditional. Experience is also being learned by domestic pond builders.

Chemical

Additional means of water treatment - chemical. But they recently do not recommend scientists to get too involved. All of them are designed to normalize the acid-base level of the liquid, to bind harmful ammonia, metal compounds, to kill algae, to saturate the medium with oxygen. All this is good, but along with unnecessary you can remove from the pond and useful plants, and there is a chance to inflict unnecessary troubles on the fish, up to her death. Probably, therefore, when dealing with these chemical cleaners, it is recommended to strictly observe the precautionary measures and dosage specified by the manufacturer, for one wrong step, and you will ruin all living things around (and you yourself can cause great harm). As an excuse for such methods, it can be recognized that some high-tech chemicals produced today are capable of decomposing into water and gas (carbon dioxide), that is, they are theoretically harmless. But still - it is better to avoid chemistry if possible, if there are other options.

UV filter

Another way to clean water. Ultraviolet radiation (wave 180-300 nm) is lethal to viruses, microalgae, bacteria, killing them. It is made in the form of a lamp placed in the body, which is lowered into the reservoir itself. It is recommended to change it once a season, to maintain the intensity of the rays.