Rocket furnace: drawings. Rocket stove with own hands

A rocket, or reactive furnace is a heating and cooking appliance using wood products as fuel. The popularity of such equipment is determined by several factors. One of the most important is the simplicity of manufacture and small investments. In addition, the rocket furnace is in demand because of its optimal technical characteristics, but we'll talk about this a little later.

Several interesting features

A reactive furnace appeared long ago. During this time, a lot of myths developed about such equipment. The most interesting is that the rocket furnace uses the same principle of operation as in the jet engine of the MIG-25. Someone even said that such heating equipment works on reverse reactive thrust, but this is not so.

All these myths and fictions are connected, rather, with the name, rather than with the principle of the device. But the rocket-type furnaces were named so only because, with an improper furnace, they make a whistling sound, similar to the one that a rocket emits when flying. If the oven was folded correctly, it will work quietly, with a slight rustle. It can be done quickly though, but not always as easy as we would like. That's why before you start assembling, you need to learn more about the principle of operation, characteristics, consider a couple of schemes and drawings.

Long-burning rocket furnace

The main requirement, put forward to reactive ovens, and to any other devices of long burning, is high heat emission. Moreover, it is desirable that the fuel can be loaded without stopping the combustion process. If such heating equipment will burn for 6-7 hours without "refueling", then it can be safely called suitable.

In general, any long-range burning furnace is based on the afterburning of pyrolysis gases. As is known, pyrolysis is the process of decomposition of solid fuel into volatile gases, which takes place in conditions of insufficient oxygen in the furnace, which slows down the combustion process and causes the fuel to smolder. All this allows a relatively small amount of wood fuel for a fairly long time to heat the room.

Operating principle

Virtually all furnaces of this type have vertical loading. The fuel, which got into the furnace, burns, and gradually settles down. The bulk of the oxygen comes through the ashtray, thus achieving an excess of air, which should be enough for afterburning. But its quantity is recommended to be limited, since cold streams can cool the heated mixture.

If the load is vertical, the main regulator is the flame, which displaces the air. Usually, to maintain the pyrolysis process, that is, to keep the temperature at a proper level, there is a fire tube. The longer it is, the better traction. But along the whole length of the pipe we have a significant temperature difference.

Quite an important point is the heat transfer after the furnace. For a more efficient heat release, a small amount (within 5-10%) is taken outside. So the room heats up faster, and it becomes possible to reduce the heat loss of the riser (battery). Almost all rocket ovens are made with their own hands in such a way that the riser is covered with a thin layer of metal, which will keep the heat. We continue to consider the device.

Rocket oven with your own hands: blueprints

In order for the heating equipment to work as efficiently as possible, during the assembly it is necessary to follow the drawings. You can find them in this article and use it for assembly.

Let's talk about how to create a mini-rocket furnace. It is needed for heating and cooking in the warm season. Heats up to 400 degrees Celsius. In this case, the oven must be portable. The furnace can be made open. The main structural difference from the classical reactive furnace is that the furnace is made with a combined ash blower. As a result, the volumes of incoming secondary air are reduced, therefore, oxygen can not cool the pyrolysis gas.

The made hole in the hopper cover allows you to adjust the temperature, however, not very accurately, but cooking is quite enough. Now let's take a closer look at the build process.

The first stage of the assembly

To begin with, we need the usual knee of the canal in good condition. Its dimensions may be different. It all depends on how big the oven you want to get. Two pipes (usually 150 mm in diameter) are welded at an angle of not more than 90 degrees. As a result, we will get a furnace with a branch pipe. It should be remembered that the short section of the pipe should be horizontal, and the long one - vertical. Accordingly, the flame from the horizontal branch pipe will be drawn into the vertical channel.

The most primitive way to organize the supply of secondary air from the point of view of labor is to attach a sheet of metal to the brackets in the furnace. It turns out that the hearth will separate from the chimney. Passing air will move to the corner of the knee, which is what it was required to achieve. Please note that the rocket furnace, with their own hands (see the drawings in this article), manufactured, should have legs. It is desirable to weld them. On the vertical part of the pipe, you can put a grate to be engaged in cooking.

The second stage: the manufacture of a missile launcher

As a basis, we take the construction obtained a little earlier. To it you need to add an additional element, resulting in a kind of burzhuyka. We need to make a horizontal channel. The rectangular cross-section of the channel is more preferable, since it allows improving the operational properties of the unit. As for the air duct, it can be made horizontal. The most important thing is that the air should flow through it. The most suitable solution is to install a plate with ribs on the bottom wall.

As for the chimney, it is connected to the knee. The material used is a steel pipe of a suitable diameter. Often such an oven is collected from what is at hand. But the most important requirement is to organize a qualitative furnace and a challenge. In this case, it is undesirable to use a too thin metal, on which the corrosion process will be noticeable.

Furnace with vertical heat exchanger

The idea itself is quite simple in execution. It consists that on a way of passage of hot streams the thick-walled steel heat exchanger is mounted. In this case, the structure described above is used, and an additional element is added to it. But here it is desirable to slightly increase the furnace in size and change the vertical pipe to a container for dry heat transfer. It can be an empty gas cylinder, which is ideal. True, it is necessary to make the channel of the chimney coaxial to the horizontal branch pipe (furnace).

The furnace can be manufactured in various designs. The most popular ones are a pipe, a box and a furnace casing. If the furnace has not too small dimensions, it can act as a primary heat exchanger. Therefore, if you want to achieve long-lasting combustion, say, the one that the Apostle's rocket furnace has, the fuel compartment needs to be expanded. Usually it is made high, about 50-60 cm. Consequently, vertically loaded logs light up from below and completely burn out under their own weight.

Installing the injector

At the post-combustion stage, a separate channel for supplying oxygen is set up for a better flow of the process. For these purposes, it is desirable to use a steel pipe having a diameter of not more than 18 mm, and a curved pipe. One end of the pipe must be damped, drilled in it about five or six holes of small diameter. This side passes through the entire system. The end with the drilled holes must reach the flame. The free side is allocated to the environment, where there will be access to air. Heating the metal leads to the formation of thrust in the tube, and oxygen enters for afterburning. In principle, the Gabriel Apostle rocket furnace of this type is very efficient and has a high heat dissipation.

Useful addition

If you have a desire, then at the final stage you can organize a turbo. For this, an air pump must be connected to the injector. Suitable is an old vacuum cleaner or a powerful compressor. Note that the injector has good throughput.

The system works as follows. After the pump is turned on, an overpressure is generated in it. Proportional increase in power increases traction. Gradually the heat exchanger temperature will rise. This is similar to blacksmiths, which have been used since ancient times. Such a rocket furnace on sawdust, wood and other low-grade fuel will work very efficiently. Investments are almost not required, as the equipment can be collected from improvised tools and materials.