Processing equipment: planer

The planer is designed for processing blanks obtained after cutting wood. The equipment can be of different types. So, we distinguish jointing, quadrilateral and thicknesser machines. The first are designed for processing products "in the corner." Thickness planer is used to form parallel faces. There are units for processing of metal products. In particular, a cross-planer is produced. This type of equipment occupies a leading place in its specific weight and importance among metal-cutting machines.

Equipment intended for processing products at an angle (direct or other specified) includes an electric motor, a ruler, a back plate of the working table, a handle of the level indicator of the front plate, a front plate of the working surface, a fan guard, a frame, a knife shaft, a starting device. The planer of this type consists of a frame, a pair of cast-iron plates. They form the desktop. The equipment also includes a drive, planing knives and a knife shaft.

The first plate (in the course of the material) is intended for directing the product before processing, the rear plate in the process. The front is set lower by one and a half to two millimeters (that is, the thickness of the chip layer to be removed).

Each plate can be set to the required height. Adjustment of the height of the first is carried out with the aid of a handle, on which there are corresponding marks. The rear plate is installed using a screw with nuts.

The knife shaft (head) is located between the plates. On the shaft are strengthened knives, the cutting edges of which are flush with the surface of the rear plane. On the edges of the plates that face the head, flush liners are made of steel. They are designed to protect the surfaces from abrasion and spalling. In addition, these devices serve to reduce the gap between the plates and knives, as well as backing the fibers when removing chips. The shaft is driven by an electric motor through a belt wedge transmission. The fan guard closes the knife head from above.

The planer is equipped with a guide ruler. This part is removable. The ruler can be installed across the table, placed at the desired angle or flipped up.

The planer is equipped with a braking device designed to quickly stop the cutter head after the engine is switched off.

The supply of material is usually done manually. Narrow products are processed in several pieces at the same time. In the process of working on the equipment with conveyor feed the product is sent end to end.

Currently, special devices are used - automatic feeders. They provide greater security and ease of operation. In addition, their use increases productivity by one and a half to two times. The automatic document feeder is fixed to the stand, which, in turn, is mounted on the machine.

Modern automatic feeders can be used on circular saws, planing, band saws, milling and grinding units. They provide a mechanized supply of material on equipment, which, as a rule, is produced with a manual mechanism for dispatching products for processing.

It is worth noting that the planer with its own hands (yes, there are craftsmen who can create such a complicated equipment) looks much simpler than that produced in the factory.