Nikolay Garin-Mikhailovsky: creativity and biography

Indomitable - this is probably the best definition of the nature of an engineer and a writer. Garin-Mikhailovsky always fully laid out, referring to what he was doing.

Childhood

He was born in 1852 in a wealthy noble family. Father - Georgy Antonovich Mikhailovsky in the war during the attack was wounded and awarded for bravery. After retiring, he settled in Odessa. His first-born Nicky was the godfather Nicholas I. Glafira's mother was a noblewoman of Serbian descent. The boy grew up beautiful, cheerful, but very brisk and nimble on the mountain.

He continually violated the orders of his father, whom he loved very much, and so his father took on the strap in a huff. The future writer Garin-Mikhailovsky studied at the Rishelyevskaya Gymnasium. This all will later be described in two parts of the tetralogy: "The Childhood of Theme" and "Gymnasium". In them almost each of the heroes has a real prototype. Only in forty years, completed the first biographical story Garin-Mikhailovsky "Childhood of the Theme." He wrote his works in passing, you might say, "on your knees", where you have to. But when you read, you do not notice it.

Youth

At the end of the gymnasium Garin-Mikhailovsky decided to become a lawyer and entered the university. But a year later the command of the soul leads him to the Institute of Railways. It was a colossal success for him and for society. Later, Garin-Mikhailovsky will become a talented engineer-practitioner. Meanwhile, in Bessarabia, he works as a stoker trainee. But when he finishes his studies, he gets a referral to Bulgaria, and then participates in the construction of the Bendero-Galicia road. The work of the survey engineer was very captivating to Nikolai Georgievich. In addition, there were decent earnings. In the same year of 1879 he very happily married Nadezhda Valeryevna Charykova (they had eleven children and three reception rooms). The wedding takes place in Odessa, and the evening train of a young couple should be taken to Petersburg. But the cheerful and noisy Mikhailovsky family translates the clock in advance, and the young ones are late for the train and leave only in the morning. And how many jokes and laughter about it! In St. Petersburg, paper work in the ministry did not like Mikhailovsky. Therefore, he happily returns to practical work. It builds a section of the railway Batum-Samtredia. The work is very dangerous - in the forests hiding gangs of robbers and attacking the workers. Then he is transferred and appointed chief of the Baku section of the Transcaucasian railway. At the end of 1882, seeing corruption, bribes, he resigns, although he is very fond of the activities of a survey engineer.

Gundukovka (1883-1886)

N. G. Garin-Mikhailovsky buys an estate in the Samara province, where he intends to create an economy that will help raise crops, wants to destroy the kulaks. The ideas of the Narodniks have already penetrated into his consciousness. But three times allowed in his estate "red cock". The mill, thresher and, finally, the whole harvest was destroyed. He was practically ruined and decided to return to the activities of an engineer. In Gundurovka he lived for two and a half years.

Engineering work

In 1886 he returned to his favorite work. Conducted research on the Ural area "Ufa-Zlatoust." The family lives in Ufa at this time. This was the beginning of the Trans-Siberian Railway. He worked as an economist, and the result was a huge savings - 60% of the money for every mile. But this project had to be pierced with a fight. At the same time, he continues his literary work, writes about this story the essay "Variant". Mikhailovsky introduced Stanyukovich to the first chapters of the story "The Childhood of Theme", which was published in 1892 in a complete form. In addition, documentary essays on the village were printed, which also were successful. In 1893, published an essay "Journey to the Moon." But in his heart and in practice he remained an engineer-pathmaker.

Practical work

She tore it off all the time. But it was a favorite thing. Mikhailovsky traveled all over Siberia, Samara Province, visited Korea and Manchuria, to find out the possibility of building there. Impressions were included in the essay "On Korea, Manchuria and the Liaotung Peninsula." Visited China, Japan and finally through Hawaii arrived in San Francisco. He traveled by train across all the states and returned to London, having stopped on his way to Paris. In 1902 an essay "Around the World" was published.

A famous person

He became a very famous person in the capital and as a traveler, and as a writer. And as a result, he was invited to Nicholas II. He walked with timidity, and returned with bewilderment. The questions the emperor asked were simple and uncomplicated and spoke of the narrow mindset of the questioner.

Literary life

He worked very actively with a number of magazines. The "Childhood of the Theme", and "Gymnasists", and "Students" have already been printed. Work is underway on the "Engineers". At the evening meeting of the "Vestnik zhizni" he suddenly died. Such a load, which he led, could not stand the heart. He was 54 years old.

On a gloomy November morning, Petersburg escorted Garin-Mikhailovsky to the last road to the Volkovo cemetery. Money for the funeral was not enough. I had to collect by subscription.

The book of life

From the "Childhood of the Theme" began the biography of writer Garin. This nickname, he took the name of his son Harry. But all are accustomed to call the author Garin-Mikhailovsky. The summary is a bright and pure spring of memories of childhood. A huge manor house on the outskirts of a large southern city and the adjoining "hired yard", which was rented to the golts, where in the dirt and dust, in common with the poor domestic children's games and pranks, childhood goes on. Themes are nothing but a paternal house , Where the childhood of Nikolai Mikhailovich passed. Childhood Themes Kartashev happy, but not cloudless. The father severely hurts a tender child's soul with his misunderstanding. These sufferings of a small Theme, fear of a stern and strict father, respond in the soul of the reader with pain. A sensitive and noble soul mother Tema without a memory loves his impetuous and impressionable son and, as it can, defends him from the methods of paternal upbringing - a ruthless flogging. The reader is witnessing a ruthless brutal execution and horror, filling the soul of the mother. The child turns into a miserable animal. His human dignity is uprooted. The successes and failures of pedagogical experience are also relevant in our time, as shown by Garin-Mikhailovsky ("The Childhood of Theme"). The summary is a spirit of humanity, respect for the child's personality - the basics of democratic pedagogy. The dramatic death of the father ends the childhood of the child, and his last words are forever remembered: "If you ever go against the king, I will curse you from the grave."

The author of tetralogy and many other works became a man with established democratic convictions that were adjacent to Marxism. He himself is filled with a bright impulse to people, to good, to life.