Insulation of the roof of the attic from the inside with your own hands. Scheme, materials and tips

Insulation of the roof of the attic allows you to keep a comfortable temperature in the room during the cold season. In the course of work, it is worth considering some of the nuances associated with the design features. The roof and walls of the room are a single whole or are closely adjacent to each other. Because of this, in summer the space becomes very hot, and during the winter months it cools down, at the same time it is rather difficult to keep a suitable temperature.

Design

The thermal insulation scheme is a "pie" consisting of several layers: a roof, a moisture-proof layer, ventilation gaps, thermal insulation, vapor-insulating materials. Each of them is an integral element and has certain functions. Especially important are the ventilation gaps and the materials used for thermal insulation. They create a comfortable microclimate in the room. Insulation of the roof of the attic from the inside with your own hands is necessary not only to keep the heat in frosty weather, but also to reduce the degree of space heating in the summer. Materials with a low level of thermal conductivity can cope with this task. With a decrease in this parameter, less heat is lost through the insulating layer, so it becomes possible to use thin materials to achieve optimal conditions.

What is the purpose of warming

The role of thermal insulation in the construction of houses is invaluable. The walls of the attic, as noted earlier, in some cases are part of the roof. When heating the room during the winter months, the heat rises to the ceiling and passes to the material used for roofing. The layer of snow on it forms an air pocket and acts as a natural insulation. But this applies only to the situation when a material with low thermal conductivity was used in the arrangement of the roof. Otherwise, the snow cover begins to melt under the influence of heat from within, turns into an ice crust and leads to a cooling of the space. In addition, there is a possibility of damage and violation of the integrity of the roof due to the large mass of ice. Prevention of such problems is possible only if the roof insulation of the attic from the inside with their own hands was done correctly and using suitable materials.

No less important is the thermal insulation in the summer heat. The use of materials with high thermal conductivity or their complete absence leads to excessive heating of the room, because of which the temperature in it becomes uncomfortable for staying. A suitable temperature regime is formed with the help of special materials and compliance with all the rules of work. First of all, it is necessary to build on the roof structure and take into account its influence on the chosen type of insulation.

Features

The main feature of the attic roof is the parameters of the ventilation space located between the room and the external structure. Its dimensions are between 15-20 cm, while the standard roof has an attic with dormer windows. For the formation of a suitable temperature regime, it is important not only to insulate the roof of the attic, but also to create a good ventilation. It prevents the formation of an excessive level of humidity under the roof, which increases the period of operation and reliability of wooden structures. In the heating period, ventilation reduces the level of heating the roof, respectively, reduces the likelihood of the formation of an ice crust. Part of the heat in the summer heat is removed from the space under the roof by means of ventilation, so that the temperature in the room is reduced and excessive heating of the internal elements of the structure does not occur.

Material selection

Before making the insulation of the attic with a broken roof from the inside, you need to choose the right material. It determines not only the thickness of the layer to be laid, but also the overall construction of the heat-insulating pie.

In the modern construction market, you can find various materials for insulation, they are presented in a wide range, so that the buyer can choose the desired option for any design and budget. The greatest distribution was purchased by polystyrene, expanded polystyrene, expanded glass, mineral wool and glass wool. Also natural materials are quite popular: paper, wood shavings and straw. To make the right choice, you need to consider several basic parameters:

• The level of thermal conductivity is of paramount importance. The best place to stay on the insulation, the index of which is in the range of 0.05 Watt per square. M.
• Resistance to moisture. With increasing this parameter, the material characteristics improve.
• Safety for human health.
• Fire resistance.

As noted earlier, special attention should be paid to the first two indicators.

Vata

Glass wool and mineral wool became popular due to their low cost and easy installation. It is worth noting that their thermal insulation characteristics decrease with time. This happens for several reasons: use at a high level of moisture and material caking. Vata absorbs moisture, has low strength characteristics and lack of resistance to mechanical stress, which leads to a gradual spillage. The technology of roof attic insulation using this material implies the formation of a thick pie, which includes several layers of cotton wool. To obtain the required thermal insulation characteristics, a vapor barrier and a moisture barrier are also required.

Styrofoam

Polyfoam has a high level of heat preservation and resistance to moisture. There are several types of material, each of which is suitable for various purposes.

Similar characteristics are extruded polystyrene foam. It has a low level of thermal conductivity, but its cost is quite high, which is why many buyers choose other options.

Natural materials

The optimal solution for people who prefer natural, environmentally friendly materials is the insulation of the roof of the attic with the use of granulated paper, foamed glass, seaweed gutters, cane and straw. Despite the excellent properties of heat preservation, they differ in some drawbacks. Seaweed, reeds and straw are prone to fire, and foam glass is a very fragile material. In addition, natural insulation requires compliance with certain conditions and the use of specialized tools, in particular, the last item refers to granular paper.

What you need to know

Correct warming of the roof of the attic consists of several stages - this is the preparation of the surface, the installation of the material and its fixing. On the formation of thermal insulation must take care in the process of creating a rafter system and remember the need for a step to fixing materials. It should be of sufficient size to enable the installation of insulation plates and the formation of a reliable roof construction. The use of an additional vapor barrier layer is only required for materials exposed to moisture.

Instructions for the insulation of the roof of the attic

To begin with, a crate and a control box are formed, on top of which a membrane is mounted, which is a waterproof vapor-transparent film. As the ventilation gap is the space formed between the heater and the controllable.

Additionally, ventilation ventilations are arranged. Insulation of the roof of the attic from the inside is done by laying the selected material between the rafters. Because of the fact that metal or wood is used for making rafters, they have a high coefficient of thermal conductivity, in comparison with the layer of insulation. For this reason they become bridges of cold. To prevent cooling of the structure, it is necessary to form an additional layer on the already laid layer of thermal insulation. In the course of work, there may be difficulties associated with the installation of other elements of the attic, so it is worth noting in advance the location of the rafters.

Before the internal crate is formed, the heat-insulating layer is covered with a vapor-permeable membrane.

What you need to pay attention to

It is worth noting that the insulation of the roof of the attic is a necessary measure, since only in this way it is possible to reduce the heating of the room in the summer heat and save on heating in the winter. The technique used is practically the same as the thermal insulation of the standard roof. Of particular importance is the arrangement of ventilation and the formation of layers in accordance with the general design. The choice of materials depends on the preferences of the owner of the house, the main thing is to take into account their moisture resistance and the degree of thermal conductivity.

The order of insulation of the attic under the gable roof

To begin with, it is necessary to vacate the premises from unnecessary items that might interfere with the work, this item is especially relevant for living space, filled with furniture and other elements. It should be noted that the use of foam is characterized by the formation of a large amount of debris during cutting, which is difficult to remove from surfaces. Therefore, it is necessary to cover with a film all objects that can not be carried. It is recommended to take care of the elimination of drafts, as they will lead to more intensive spreading of the granules.

Then carefully inspect the rafters for damage. If wood was used for manufacturing, then they must be treated with special antiseptic means.

If necessary, the crate for thermal insulation is formed not on the rafters, but on the ceiling itself. Of course, this greatly simplifies the work and reduces the time costs, but the ceiling height in the room will be less by about 15-20 cm, and also it will not be possible to check the condition of the rafter system.

Then the vapor barrier membrane is fixed . It should be tightened very tightly and adhere to the roofing crate. The task can be simplified using a construction stapler. The joints of the material are formed with an overlap of 15 cm and are fixed by means of an adhesive tape. The optimum option will be reinforced scotch, but in its absence, you can limit the standard paper.

Thermal insulation with foam

Polystyrene is a hard, light material, which can be cut with a conventional knife. It is recommended to have a few knives left in stock, as the blades quickly blunt during the work. Of particular importance is the careful fit of the dimensions to prevent the formation of gaps. If the insulation of the roof of the attic with polystyrene foam is produced correctly, a minimal amount of gaps is formed, and as a consequence, a high efficiency of thermal insulation will be achieved. In some cases, the appearance of cracks becomes inevitable, especially in the curved form of rafters. To seal them, use a mounting foam. If it is necessary to install an additional layer, wait until the foam is completely dry and continue to lay down after removing excess surfacing.

Typically, the foam is securely fastened between the rafters without additional measures, but in some cases it becomes necessary to use a special glue. From above it is covered with a film intended for internal work. After obtaining the necessary tension of the membrane, a metal guide profile or a wooden strip is fixed. This element will not only be the basis for future cladding, but also additional fixture for the film.

Conclusion

The warmth of the roof of the attic by the hands of one person is quite realistic, the main thing is to take into account the climatic conditions of the region and the purpose of the room, on average the thickness of the layer is within 15-20 cm. When laying a material in one layer, a large number of joints can be formed to prevent this, it is recommended to stack More thin polystyrene overlapping by the principle of brickwork.