Air heating of a private house with your own hands. Air heating of a private house: installation instructions

The choice of a suitable heating system is an important stage in the construction and arrangement of a private house. Solid-and liquid-fuel assemblies gradually recede into the background. Wide popularity is gained by air heating of a private house, almost any owner of suburban housing will be able to hold it by his own hands. This article will tell you how.

Air heating - what is it?

This method of heating is a kind of thermoregulation system, in which cooled or heated air enters the room. Air heating a country house with their own hands can do almost everyone, the main thing - to understand the principle of the system and its composition. It includes:

1. Branched ducts of air outlets. They provide access to air flows to heated rooms.
2. Water heater or heat source. It heats the air.
3. Fan distributor heads. They direct the air masses inside the room in the right direction.

Principle of operation

The heat generator usually includes a combustion chamber, a burner and a heater. From below, from under the fan, cold air enters the heat exchanger. The fuel that is burned in the combustion chamber emits energy. Due to this, the heat exchanger is heated, which means that the temperature of the air that is in it rises. Further heated streams enter the air outlets and are sent to the room. Heat generators are of different types, some work on the main or liquefied balloon gas, others - on diesel fuel. The burner, thanks to its versatility, can burn any substance. In any, even the standard heater, the burner can be replaced. Together with it, the entire supply system is installed. All the exhaust gases leave through the chimney.

The air heating system of a private house assumes the use of air outlets of one of two types: round or square. The first have minimal aerodynamic resistance, their diameter is 10-20 cm. Square or rectangular air outlets are made in the form of boxes. Most often use parts with an area of 10 * 15 or 32 * 40 cm. Such air outlets are easier to install and take up less space.

Advantages and disadvantages of air heating

The air heating system of a private house has both pluses and minuses. The merits include the following characteristics:

- high level of efficiency (more than 90%);

- lack of additional equipment - radiators and pipes;

- comfortable microclimate in a heated room;

- low inertia of the system, allowing to quickly heat the house or lower the temperature if necessary;

- Fans can be used in conjunction with furnaces operating on solid fuel, this allows you to heat all the premises in the house;

- purification of air from allergens and other harmful substances due to filters;

- possibility to connect the system with the humidifier;

- in the summer season with the help of additional traction it is possible to cool the room.

Air heating of a private house, the disadvantages of which we will discuss below, is far from perfect system. She has serious shortcomings:

- this type of heating should be laid at the beginning of the construction of the house;

- complexity of installation;

- calculation of the diameters of the air outlets before laying;

- air heating requires constant maintenance;

- it is very difficult to modernize the system during operation;

- air heating requires additional filtration and humidification of air;

- in the event of a power outage, you need to have a redundant power supply.

Types of air heating

To install air heating of a private house with your own hands, you should understand the installation methods. These systems are constructed according to 2 schemes:

- Forced;

- gravitational.

The first scheme assumes the presence of a fan in the system. It creates the necessary pressure, and the air heated by the heat generator moves to the air outlets. Its location is usually the same regardless of the type of system - it is located under the heater. The air that enters the fan is already cleaned in advance from dust, dirt and germs. Back he returns through the ventilation grilles or the return air outlets.

Air heating of a private house, made by its own hands according to a natural or gravitational scheme, functions by changing the density of air. The main advantage of such a system is that it is practically independent of the supply of electricity. But the circulation of heated air masses can easily be disturbed by the usual draft. The working part of the room is cooled, and the prefatory room, on the contrary, overheats.

Features of a co-current heating system

Air heating of a private house with their own hands is often done using a direct-flow heating system. The principle of work is the following. The air is sent by the fan through the air heater and through the channels passes into the room. It gives off heat, assimilates allergens and microbes and leaves through the reverse shaft. This system is recognized as the most hygienic and safe, but at the same time it has its drawbacks. The main disadvantage of direct heating is a large loss of thermal energy.

Recirculation heating system. Nuances

Such a system is characterized as highly economical heating. The air is heated in the air heater and sent through the ventilation ducts to the rooms. Further it cools, compensates for heat loss and returns back. Then the air heats up again, and the process repeats. Of course, this system is the least hygienic, since harmful substances enter the premises again. Recirculation is provided where ventilation as such is not needed.

Design and calculation of air heating system

To install air heating by one's own hands, the calculation, the circuit, the device of which must be taken into account during the installation, requires some preparation. Once you decide to install such a system, you need to draw up a preliminary project. It is necessary to calculate the following indicators:

- speed of supply of heated air;

- sufficient power of the heat generator, in order to heat the room to the desired temperature;

- Diameter of air outlets;

- aerodynamic characteristics;

- the amount of heat loss on the ceiling, walls and floor.

Air heating of a private house, the scheme of which will help to take into account all the constituent elements, must be agreed with specialists. They will help you to make the necessary calculations. Turning to a special service, you can avoid drafts in the room, noise and vibration in the house, as well as overheating of the heat generator.

Place the installation of equipment is better to think in advance, there are no general recommendations on this matter.

Heat generator selection

Unfortunately, not all people prefer to install air heating in a private house. The cost of the device system depends largely on the choice of heat generator. They are of two types:

- mobile;

- Stationary.

Gas mobile heat generators are very cumbersome installations. Most often they are used in industrial facilities. Let's consider in more detail stationary equipment. These heat generators have a closed combustion chamber. They are installed in pre-prepared places with a smoke removal system. Stationary heat generators are manufactured in the form of floor or suspended equipment. The latter is otherwise called calorifers. They are designed to heat one room. Most often, the heater is used in country cottages and cottages, as it is able to warm up the room in a matter of hours.

Pendant heat generator does not take up much space and works very quietly. The case of the installation is made of materials with low thermal conductivity, so it is safe to operate.

The floor generator is a more spacious device. It is able to heat the house completely thanks to the connected air outlets.

Mounting Hardware

Air heating of a private country house, made with own hands, provides for the availability of the following equipment:

- air outlets;

- heat generator;

- the fan;

- decorative gratings;

- hoses for air intake from outside the room.

Installation instructions

Installed air heating with their own hands (the circuit, the device of the system were discussed above) in several stages:

1. Installation of the boiler and heat exchanger.
2. Installation of the fan.
3. Wiring, installation of air outlets.
4. Warming of return and supply channels.
5. Create a hole in the wall of the house for air intake and install a sleeve.

Air heating of a private house (the reviews confirm this) begin with the installation of the boiler. It is usually mounted in the basement. It is strictly forbidden to connect the boiler to the gas main, it is absolutely necessary to call a specialist. The chimney can be made from a sheet of tin. The upper part of the heat exchanger is connected to the supply air vent, and a fan is installed under the combustion chamber. On the outside, a return pipe is fed to it. The first stage is completed.

The wiring process begins with the connection of the flexible air outlets to the supply line. As a rule, they are made with a circular section. Further, the reverse air vent is installed, it usually has a larger diameter, however, the outlets of this channel are smaller than those of the feeder.

To prevent condensation in the sleeve, it must be insulated. Further in the pipe installed throttle, through which the process of regulating the amount of incoming fresh air. After the system is mounted, you can hide all pipes and wires with plasterboard boxes for greater aesthetics.

Feedback and recommendations

In recent years, many self-mounted air heating private house. Feedback from owners of such systems is often positive. Many are satisfied with the efficiency of this type of heating, they say, the heating of the whole house is much faster than with conventional radiators or batteries.

Professionals recommend to contact specialists for help in calculations, and as for the installation, you can do it yourself. Some tips experienced masters:

- it is better to take aluminum reinforced scotch to connect the diverting air outlets;

- To fasten pipes to the ceiling, it is necessary to use clamps;

- supply air outlets should be as close to the floor as possible;

- if the house has air conditioning, then it is necessary to insulate all pipes to avoid moisture vapor deposition;

- in the case of using air intake hoses with a large number of knees or with an unequal length, it is better to use additional dampers;

- Some build additional cleaning filters in the air heating of a private house, the cost of the system will be higher;

- for cooling of premises it is possible to install additionally the evaporative block of the conditioner.

For the equipment for the house you have to pay about 200,000 to 250,000 rubles. If you mount the system yourself, you can save about 100,000 rubles.

Air heating is a new way of heating houses and country cottages. A high level of efficiency and the possibility of self-installation make the system more popular.