Genitourinary system

The genitourinary system includes organs that form urine and excrete it, as well as genital organs. All of them are related to each other by development, position and performed functions. So, in men, the ducts of the genital and urinary tract join the urethra. In women, they also go into the common space - the vestibule of the vagina.

In modern medicine, the genitourinary system is divided into urinary, which provides the formation of urine and its removal from the body, and the genital organs (internal and external). The latter are responsible for reproduction.

The genitourinary system, represented by the urinary tract, consists of the kidneys, ureters, urethra and bladder. Its purpose is to remove from the body slag (what remains as a result of metabolism), unnecessary and harmful compounds. All this is done on the condition that a sufficient number of mineral salts and water are stored.

Kidneys look like beans. They are located in space behind the peritoneum from both sides of the spine, in the region of the waist. Kidneys form urine of a certain amount and composition, its concentration depends on the amount of water in the body. Together with it, urea, salt, water and uric acid leave . The kidneys are abundantly supplied with blood: up to 1.2 liters per minute (that is, the entire blood volume per day passes through them almost 350 times). In 60 seconds, 120 ml of the filtrate is obtained. In 24 hours they purify the urine primary approximately 150 liters. The final amount after filtration is almost 1.5 liters per day.

Urethers - are thirty-centimetric thin tubes (4 mm in diameter). Through a small pelvis they descend to the bladder and penetrate inward in an oblique direction. They drive the urine down due to contractions of the fibrous muscles on the walls.

The bladder is a container for urine, resembling an egg in shape. He is in a small basin, behind the bosom, has the tip, body and bottom. Its volume is from 500 to 700 ml, but the urge is felt when filling only half the capacity. Holes of the ureter and the opening of the urethra inside surround the sphincters - muscle bundles. They are compressed and unclenched, thereby regulating the flow of urine into the bladder and outflow from it.

The urethra of a man looks like a tube 18 cm long, which runs from the bladder and exits into the outer opening on the head of the penis. The urethral urethra is much shorter (up to 5 cm), outside it comes out under the clitoris. Its posterior wall is one with the anterior wall of the vagina.

Genitourinary system, represented by the sexual organs, includes the female and male organs. The male parts consist of testicles with appendages contained in the scrotum, the vas deferens with the seminal vesicles, the prostate and the penis. The genital organs are divided into internal (ovaries, uterine tube, uterus, vagina) and external. The latter include: pubis, labia, small and large, clitoris, exit of the urethra outward, vestibule of the vagina.

Often there are malformations of certain organs, various diseases. They can be congenital and acquired. Inflammation of the genitourinary system is mainly infectious in nature or appears after the injury. Usually it arises as a complication after suffering angina, influenza or accompanies rheumatism, allergies, endocrine disorders. Inflammatory diseases of the genital organs are caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses and even helminths; Are sexually transmitted.

Treatment of the genitourinary system depends on the reason that caused the disease. Basically, it is carried out in a hospital, because it requires constant medical supervision.