Urethra. The structure of the male and female urethra. Inflammation of the urethra

The urethra (another name is the urethra) is the excretory duct. Through it, urine leaves the bladder. In men, through the urethra, secretions from the sex glands are also derived.

The urethra is in the form of a cylinder. Its length in women and men is different.

The female urethra originates from the opening in the bottom of the bladder, then passes below and behind the pubic articulation, then perforates (passes through) the urogenital diaphragm. Outward the duct opens under the clitoris between the labia. The female urethra has a length of about 2.5 to 4 centimeters.

In men, the urethra is in the form of S. The urethra starts from the opening in the bottom of the bladder, then passes through the prostate (prostate gland). Then begins the membranous part of the urethra - the shortest and narrowest. It passes through the pelvic diaphragm. After the spongy part begins, located in the penis between the cavernous bodies. The fixed part of the urethra of a man consists of a webbed and a prostate. From the suspension of the ligament of the ligament a mobile part of the duct originates. The seminal tubercle is located in the prostate part of the urethra, on its posterior wall, on the lateral surfaces are the mouths of the ducts carrying the seed, and the holes in the prostatic glands. At the beginning of the spongy part there is a thickening - the urethral bulb. In this place pass the outlet channels of the cupper (bulbourethral) and mucous glands. The scaphoid fossa is the most peripheral part of the urethra. Here are the mucous glands (groins of Littre).

Damage to the mucosa provokes inflammation of the urethra (urethritis).

Depending on the causes of the occurrence, specialists share urethritis for infectious and non-infectious. The first category includes mycoplasmal, chlamydial, gonococcal, trichomonadal, mixed, candidomycosis. Infectious urethritis can be specific or nonspecific.

Noninfectious duct inflammation can be caused by mechanical canal trauma, mucous burns, iatrogenic (medical) injuries (drug administration, bougieering). In addition, non-infectious nature of urethritis often occurs as a result of allergic reactions, in connection with the violation of metabolic processes.

Inflammations in the urethra may have a subacute, chronic or acute course. There may also be exacerbations.

The development of inflammation in the urethra depends on the condition of the mucosa. The affected area of the membrane is a favorable medium for the penetration of harmful microorganisms, which provoke the pathological process.

Urethritis in an acute period is accompanied by abundant cloudy yellow or pale yellow discharge from the urethra. In this case, patients experience itching, pain, unpleasant sensations in the urethral region, which, as a rule, intensify during emptying.

The examination reveals a tumor of the urethral sponges, swelling. Feeling the area of the urethra delicates. The urine of the first portion is turbid, in some cases contains mucous filaments and pus elements. Lesions of the posterior portion of the urethra (intravesical or prostatic part) are accompanied by frequent urges. This is due to impaired sphincter function.

The chronic course of urethritis is accompanied by a clinical picture that is more worn out than in the acute course. Allocations from the duct are insignificant, appear most often in the morning hours. In addition, discomfort in the urethral region, including, carvings, soreness is less pronounced. However, the symptoms can worsen after sexual contact, drinking, but, as a rule, gradually return to the initial state.