Gas silicate blocks: technical characteristics. Sizes, reviews and prices

Blocks of gas-silicate, technical characteristics of which will be presented in the article, today are quite common. This is due to the fact that this cellular concrete has an insignificant weight and excellent quality.

Composition of gas silicate

In the production of these products, high quality Portland cement is used, among which the ingredients must contain calcium silicate in a volume equal to ½ of the total weight. Among other things, sand is added to the mixture, in which there is quartz (85% or more). While silt and clay in this component should not be more than 2%. Added in the process of production and lime-kipelka, the quenching rate of which is approximately 5-15 minutes, but calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in it should be about 70% or more. Products have in the composition and a gasifier, which is made of aluminum powder. There are also liquid in the blocks, as well as sulfonol C.

The blocks of gas-silicate, the price of which will be presented below, can be manufactured with or without an autoclave. The first method of production allows to form blocks, the strength of which is much higher, their shrinkage is also not so impressive that it is appreciated by consumers.

Products that are made using an autoclave, but do not go through the drying phase, have 5 times more impressive shrinkage compared to blocks that are dried in an autoclave, in addition, they have less impressive strength, but they cost less.

Autoclave method of production is used, as a rule, in large enterprises, this is due to the fact that this method is technological and involves the waste of a large amount of energy. Blocks in the production process pass the steaming stage at 200 ⁰ C, while the pressure reaches a value of 1.2 MPa. Manufacturers change the ratio of ingredients that are part of the mixture, which allows you to change the characteristics of the material. For example, with the increase in the volume of cement, the strength of the block will be increased, but the porosity will be reduced, which as a result will affect the heat engineering qualities, and the thermal conductivity will be greatly increased.

Specifications

Gas silicate blocks, the technical characteristics of which are preferable to consider before acquisition, are divided into types by density. Depending on this indicator, the blocks can be structural, heat-insulating and structural-heat-insulating. Structural products are those that have a density denoted by the D700 brand, but not less. These products are used in the construction of load-bearing walls in buildings, the height of which does not exceed 3 floors. Structural and thermal insulation products have a density within the D500-D700. This material is excellent for building interior partitions and walls of buildings, the height of which does not exceed 2 floors.

Heat-insulating blocks of gas silicate, technical characteristics of which are important to know before they are used in the construction of walls, have quite impressive porosity, which indicates that their strength is the lowest. Their density is equal to the limit of D400, they are used in the role of a material that is capable of increasing the thermal performance of walls constructed from less energy-efficient materials.

Qualities of heat conductivity

In terms of heat conductivity, the gas silicate has quite impressive characteristics. The thermal conductivity is directly proportional to the density. For example, a D400 or lower gasolite has a thermal conductivity of 0.08-0.10 W / m ° C. As for the D500-D700 blocks, the mentioned indicator ranges from 0.12 to 0.18 W / m ° C. Blocks of brand D700 and above have a thermal conductivity in the range 0,18-0,20 W / m ° С.

Frost resistance

Blocks of gas-silicate, technical characteristics of which are certainly worth knowing before buying, also have certain qualities of frost resistance, which depend on the amount of pores. Thus, different blocks based on gas silicate are able to withstand approximately 15-35 cycles of freezing and thawing. However, technical development does not stand still, and some enterprises have learned to produce blocks that are capable of undergoing such cycles up to 50, 75 and even 100 times, which is very attractive, as is the weight of the gas silicate block. But if you buy products that were produced in accordance with GOST 25485-89, then when building a house you need to focus on the frost resistance indicator of D500, equal to 35 cycles.

Dimensions and weight of blocks

Before starting to build walls from gas silicate blocks, it is necessary to find out what dimensions the products can have. As a rule, blocks with dimensions equal to 600x200x300, 600x100x300, 500x200x300, 250x400x600, and 250x250x600 mm are represented for sale, but this is not a complete list.

The weight of the block depends on the density. So, if the block has a mark D700, and its dimensions are within 600x200x300 mm, then the weight of the block will vary from 20 to 40 kg. But the brand of the D700 with dimensions in the range of 600x100x300 mm has a weight equivalent to 10-16 kg. Blocks with a density from D500 to D600 and dimensions of 600x200x300 mm have a weight of 17 to 30 kg. For the density of the gas silicate D500-D600 and its size in the block 600x100x300 mm, the weight will be 9-13 kg. With a density in D400 and dimensions equal to 600x200x300 mm, the mass will be 14-21 kg. The brand of gas silicate D400, enclosed in dimensions 600x100x300 mm, will weigh about 5-10 kg.

The positive sides of the gas silicate block

When you know the thickness of the gas silicate block, you can find out about its other characteristics, including the positive and negative sides. Among the advantages can be a small weight, as well as strength, which is sufficient for low-rise construction. In addition, these products have excellent heat-saving properties. Through such walls the noise goes badly, and the cost of products for all this remains accessible. Blocks do not light. The construction with the help of gas silicate blocks can be carried out on the basis of special adhesives, which make it possible to obtain a seam of minimum thickness.

Negative qualities

Considering the disadvantages of gas silicate blocks, it is possible to distinguish the need for exterior decoration, which increases the aesthetics of the walls. Blocks are not so attractive when the consumer learns about their hygroscopicity qualities. And before the construction begins it is required to build a solid foundation.

Price of blocks

Blocks of gas-silicate, the price of which can vary depending on the size, it is permissible to stack independently. Their weight does not involve the use of special equipment. Thus, if the block has a size within 600х100х300 mm, its cost per unit will be equal to $ 1.8-1.9.