How to choose the best roofing material for the roof. Types of roofing material for the roof

In the recent past, a limited assortment of roofing materials was available on the construction market. It was presented with slate, steel sheets and galvanized. But the situation has changed: now it is not so easy for the buyer to choose roofing material for the roof, because there is a serious competition in the market, and the range has expanded considerably.

Criterias of choice

Each kind of material has its own characteristics, positively or negatively distinguishing it among others. Roofing material for the roof in different cases requires different. The criteria for his choice are as follows:

• Operating conditions (expected load) . For its calculation take the weight of the structure of the roof with all its elements (rafters, battens, insulation, etc.). The climatic conditions of the region are also taken into account, in particular, the average values of wind force and rainfall (weight of snow cover).
• Architectural solution. Sketch design allows you to determine the shape of the roof, according to which a suitable material for the roof is selected. For example, if a decision is made to use ceramic tiles, then the architect must adhere to the slope of the roof at 30-35 degrees. This condition is mandatory for compliance with this material.
• Period of operation, fire resistance. Materials for the roof should be selected depending on the purpose of the building, operating conditions. For example, for economic construction there is no need to use roofing materials for the roof, the price of which is relatively high.

Durability of materials

Many roofing materials have a warranty period that is valid only if the correct installation technology is followed. In practice, the period of their operation is several times greater. Without repair, they have the following service life:

• Bituminous corrugated sheets - 15-25 years;
• Asbestos-cement slabs (slate) - 30-40 years;
• Metal tile - 30-50 years;
• Soft tiles - 30-50 years;
• Folding roof - up to 50 years;
• Profiled sheeting - up to 50 years;
• Natural tiles - up to 100 years;
• Shale roof - 150-200 years.

A huge number of similar products are on the market. In this case, not all types of roofing material for the roof have sufficient strength, durability and good weather resistance. It is understood as resistance to severe frosts, acidity of air, corrosion, solar radiation. Calculation of the roofing material for the roof can be done independently or with the help of specialists. In general, its area is divided by the area of individual elements of the material. Based on the obtained data, calculate its required quantity.

Ceramic tiles

The main component of the material is clay mass, which is processed in a special furnace at a temperature of 1000 degrees, making it red-brown. Before baking, ceramic tiles can be covered with a protective film, due to which the atmospheric precipitation is removed more qualitatively. The output is a tile measuring 30 by 30 cm and weighing 2 kg. This roofing material for the roof has several subspecies: ordinary, flat tape, single-wave, trough shingles and others. The recommended roof pitch for their application is from 25-35 to 60 degrees. It is important to observe the following recommendations:

1. When the slope is less than 22 degrees, work is necessarily carried out to improve the waterproofing and ventilation.
2. With a slope of 22-60 degrees, standard mounts are used.
3. When the figure is over 60 degrees, additional fasteners are used in the form of screws, nails.

Individual elements of the material are interconnected by means of a locking system. To the crate, the tile is fixed by means of special holes. Therefore, the upper elements of the material are laid on the lower, forming a continuous layer, which excludes any leaks. As already noted, its period of operation without repair is up to 100 years. Tiles used for the roof of houses made of brick, wood or stone of any number of storeys. The cost per square meter, as a rule, is from 25 to 50 dollars. Using roofing materials for the roof, the price of which is much less, you need to understand that their quality will be appropriate.

Advantages of tile:

• Minimum expenses for maintenance of a good condition (cleaning of gutters, as well as local repair, are conducted no more often than once a year);
• Noise absorption (the sound of rain is almost not audible);
• Resistance to corrosion;
• Does not lend itself to fire;
• High frost resistance;
• A wide range of colors;
• The presence of micropores, allowing the roof to "breathe". They allow the moisture that accumulates under the roof to evaporate over time.

Disadvantages:

• Heavy weight;
• Low strength;
• Technical difficulties with the installation of material on complex structures.

Cement-sand tiles

Due to the fact that the ceramic tiles have a fairly large weight, they found a replacement, which became cement-sand tiles. It allowed to considerably simplify the design as a whole. This roofing material for the roof consists of cement, sand and iron oxide. The latter is a dye. Cement-sand tiles visually virtually no different from ceramic. When using it, the roof slope should be 20-60 degrees. Lay the tile on the lath so that the elements of the previous row are displaced half their width. As fasteners use nails, which are slaughtered in the holes made at the factory during the production of tiles.

Pluses:

• Resistance to environmental influences;
• Frost resistance.

Disadvantages:

• Massiveness (thickness - from 10 mm);
• Large material damage in case of incorrect transportation (up to 10%).

Cement-sand tiles are also used for the roofing of both wooden and brick houses of different number of storeys. The cost of the material is 10-30 dollars / m ² . It allows you to provide the same decorative effect as ceramic tiles, investing less money.

Bituminous shingles

It is a fiberglass cloth, which is covered with bitumen on both sides, forming a uniform flat coating. On its top layer is applied a stone sprinkle, and on the bottom - a sticky primer-glue, intended for gluing to the base of the roof. Such products are classified as "soft roofing materials".

The sheet of bituminous shingles has dimensions of 1 m by 30 cm, respectively. Due to its flexibility, it is possible to repeat almost any form of roofing construction. The material is used for roofs with a slope of more than 12 degrees (there are no large limitations). It requires the use of a litter layer. It is laid all over the roof on the lathing, which can be represented by waterproof plywood or OSB.

Bituminous shingles are often used for finishing cottages, cottages, public buildings. It is also often used as a roofing material for the garage roof.

Pluses:

• The material does not break during transport and installation;
• Does not rust;
• Does not rot, does not corrode;
• There is the possibility to carry out a quick local repair with minimal costs;
• Does not make noise during precipitation.

Disadvantages:

• High probability of ignition;
• Is considered a "second-class" material;
• Is exposed to ultraviolet radiation;
• Can not be mounted in winter.

Metal tile

It is a sheet of galvanized steel with a polymer coating, playing a protective role. Manufacturers produce a material with a different number of layers. Metal tile is similar in texture to "ceramics", but these are not tiles of small dimensions, but whole steel sheets with textured corrugation. They are of different area, and their average thickness is 0.4 mm.

The material is recommended for use on roofs with a slope of more than 15 degrees. Against the background of others, it stands out for its simplicity of installation: the metal roofing is fastened to the crate with special roofing screws. It is used for the roofing of almost any structure, from kiosks to high-rise buildings or industrial facilities.

For many, this is the best roofing material for a roof in terms of price-quality ratio (its cost is 2-3 times lower than the two above-mentioned types of roof tiles).

Pluses:

• Quick installation;
• low cost;
• Low weight (3-5 kg / m ² );
• Strength (during transport is not damaged).

The shortcomings of the material include its low sound insulation (rain and hail accompanied by strong noise).

Slate

It is a cement material, the strength of which is increased by asbestos fiber. It consists of 15% of short-wave asbestos and 85% of Portland cement. The material is produced in the form of rectangular sheets with corrugated corrugations. They are lapped over the sealing gaskets and fastened to the crate by nails. This roofing material for the roof effectively performs its work when its slope is in the range of 12-60 degrees.

Slate is mainly used for sheds, summer kitchens and other buildings of low importance. Often it is appropriate where you need to save (1 m ^{2 is} 2-3 dollars). Modern roofing materials for the roof are better and more reliable, but their cost is much higher.

Pluses:

• Relatively high strength;
• availability;
• You can cut the Bulgarian.

Minuses:

• fragile;
• unattractive;
• bad for health;
• Accumulates moisture (over time, it appears fungus, moss).

Profiled flooring

It is the simplest roofing material. It is a profiled sheet of galvanized steel. Waves on them can have a trapezoidal, sinusoidal or rounded shape. They make the material more attractive and simplify the docking of its sheets.

For corrugated roofs, the roof slope should be at least 10 degrees. Lay the material on the lath of the bar using a pergaminal pad, which increases the waterproof properties. Mount the corrugated board with screws.

This material, like slate, overlaps with overlapping 200 mm or more. It is also used mainly for the construction of farm buildings. Application of the material found in industrial construction (factories, supermarkets).

Pluses:

• Simple installation;
• Relative cheapness;
• Long period of operation;
• Sufficiently high bending strength.

The shortcomings of the material include its low noise insulation.

Steel seam roofing

This coating of sheets of smooth steel, allowing water to flow smoothly even on small inclines. The sheets can be galvanized, with or without polymer coating. Slope roof for roofing steel should be from 20 degrees. Elements are joined together by means of hooks on adjacent sheets. The seam formed in this case is called a fold, or a seam connection.

Pluses:

• does not burn;
• Has an attractive appearance;
• flexibility;
• Possibility of working at low temperature;
• Light weight - 4-5 kg / m ² .

Disadvantages:

• Exposure to mechanical influences;
• The roof needs to be additionally insulated.

Roofings of natural materials

To natural materials for a roof carry a straw, a cane, a tree. Nowadays, their use is an exception to the rules. These eco-friendly materials are mainly used for restaurants, hotels and other establishments. Here you can use new roofing materials for the roof, but the main task is to attract the attention of potential customers, so non-standard solutions have the advantage.

Results

A wide range of roofing materials can cause certain difficulties. But they can arise only with insufficient knowledge. First of all, you need to study the properties of materials, as well as their price range, after which you already have to choose the best option.