Bearing wall - a guarantee of durable construction

Modern construction, as a rule, uses one of three basic design schemes - skeleton, frameless and combined. Wireframe The scheme is used in the construction of industrial buildings, and frameless and combined - mainly for residential.

Frameless scheme

Frameless scheme is a design in which the main structural element is the load-bearing wall; In combination, it can be a protecting and separating element. Depending on the location of the walls frameless schemes are divided, in turn, into longitudinal, transverse and mixed types.

Bearing walls are located, as a rule, along the perimeter of the building and in the middle. In addition to strength and ability to withstand significant loads, the bearing wall, which is also a protective element, must have heat-saving characteristics. what Touches the walls inside the building, they, in addition to keeping the elements on top of them, divide the space into sections. Therefore, the inner load-bearing walls must have such characteristics as high sound insulation and the ability to muffle the shock wave.

Materials for walls

For building of buildings various building materials are used, however to choose some doubtless leaders it is absolutely uncomplicated. First of all, this is, of course, reinforced concrete. As a rule, the bearing wall in any traditional high-rise building is made from this building material. If it were a frame building, there would be no doubt - the wall panels would be hung on the load-bearing elements - the columns - and carried out their protective and protective function. However, to withstand enormous loads, ready-made concrete panels can not do - therefore, any internal bearing wall of the house is a monolithic reinforced element; The same applies to external bearing walls.

Another building material, which is often used in the construction of non-industrial buildings, is, of course, a brick. Often, the technology of "well" is used, when a kind of fencing (two parallel rows with a space in the middle) is made of brick, and the distance between them is filled with light concrete or other filler, depending on what characteristics should be possessed Future design. However, to facilitate the process of erecting a building, ready-made brick blocks are made, so that the optimal option for their housing is everyone chooses himself. To ensure that the load-bearing wall of the brick withstands considerable loads without deformations and destruction, the masonry is reinforced with the help of steel rods or nets. The location of the reinforcement depends on factors such as the thickness of the wall and the type of masonry.

Wireframe

However, the bearing walls can also be found in a building with a framework structure. Any industrial design certainly has an extension - an office building that has two or three floors. Despite the fact that the main structural elements in the administrative building are columns, the strength of the structure is given by the so-called "stiffening diaphragms" - the walls are thicker than the partitions, which assume a certain load transmitted from the elements located on them.