Doctor of Medical Sciences - deserved title of the best doctors. Famous doctors of medical sciences

Doctor of Medical Sciences - honorary academic title. It is awarded only to well-deserved workers in the industry who have achieved notable successes not only in practical medicine, but also in research and in the solution of complex medication issues.

Who is awarded the degree?

The title of doctor of medical sciences is the highest level for scientists in the USSR and in Russia. It follows immediately after the title of candidate. In domestic universities, its award is a prerequisite for obtaining a position of a professor. Without this, it is impossible to take part in the corresponding competition.

In Russia, this degree is awarded by the Presidium of the Higher Attestation Commission of the Federal Ministry of Education and Science. First of all, it is estimated how the defense of the doctoral thesis was defended.

At the same time, a doctor of medical sciences must already have a Ph.D.

In the doctoral thesis, theoretical positions must be developed, which can be qualified as a serious scientific achievement. Either with their help it is possible to solve a major scientific problem of great importance, a great deal of scientific work must be done. A doctor of medical sciences can receive this status only after defending his hypotheses before an authoritative audience.

In the Russian Federation, you can become a doctor of sciences in 23 branches of science, from medicine and biology to architecture, philosophy and jurisprudence.

How many doctors are there in Russia?

Over the past 20 years, the number of doctors of sciences in Russia has increased significantly, there are more than those who are obliged by their development of medicine. Doctors of medical sciences deservedly receive this title. If in 1995 there were less than 20 thousand of them, while there were more than 116 thousand researchers with all academic degrees, nowadays, with a reduction in the total number of holders of academic degrees (there are a little more than 100 thousand), the doctors of sciences became more - 25 s Extra thousand people.

That is, if every sixth scientist with a scientific degree used to be a doctor of sciences, today every fourth researcher. At the same time, it should be noted that only those who are engaged in scientific development are included in this number, so that the real number of doctors of doctors in Russia is even greater.

Doctor of Science Abroad

It is impossible to say unequivocally what academic rank the Russian doctor of medical sciences corresponds to abroad. Very different requirements and characteristics of doctoral degrees in different states.

At the same time, with some countries, our country signed agreements on mutual recognition of documents confirming academic degrees.

For example, in 2003 such an agreement was concluded with France. According to him, the Russian doctor of medical sciences is associated with the French doctor of science. The doctor of medical sciences, according to the documents, does not have a corresponding analog.

A similar agreement is concluded with Germany. Only here it is added that the Russian doctor of sciences corresponds to the German academic qualification Habilitation.

In Germany, the recognition of academic degrees falls within the competence of the land ministries.

Famous Russian medical scientists

Doctors of Sciences have many among different medical specializations. But almost the most among cardiosurgeons. These doctors directly every day are fighting for the lives of patients, their work will directly depend on how the future fate of man will develop and whether there will be any.

The most prominent Russian cardiac surgeon, doctor of medical sciences, professor Renat Suleimanovich Akchurin. Today he works at the Russian Cardiology Research and Production Complex. The title of doctor was received back in 1985.

Trained in the best clinics in the US, in the first place is known as a specialist who develops advanced areas of medicine, which few people do at all - restorative and vascular cardiosurgery, conducts unique operations for plastic microsurgery.

Thanks to more than 300 scientific publications in authoritative Russian and foreign medical journals, he received the title of Doctor of Medical Sciences. Moscow has brought up not one famous physician, it is here that the strongest domestic medical schools are located.

In Russia, he is known primarily as one of the co-authors of unique techniques for transplanting the toes of the foot on the hand, the most complex operations to restore the human hand. Most famous in 1996, he was entrusted with conducting a heart operation at the heart of Russian President Boris Yeltsin. Coronary bypass surgery was successful, the politician managed the country four years after the treatment.

Siberian doctors

Unique doctors are not only in the capital, but also far beyond its borders. For example, this is Alsu Nelaeva - endocrinologist, doctor of medical sciences. In Tyumen, he is a key specialist in his field.

She defended her doctoral thesis in her specialization in 1997. The main attention is paid to the study of diabetes mellitus and vascular complications after operations. Actively engaged in scientific work. Under her leadership, already 5 researchers received the title of candidate of medical sciences. The doctor of medical sciences has only one yet.

And Nelaeva not only devotes herself to pedagogical activity, but also continues to practice medicine. Under her leadership, the Tyumen endocrinology dispensary works.

Another major specialist from this Russian region is Irina Vasilevna Medvedeva. She is also an endocrinologist, MD. In Tyumen is the rector of the State Medical University.

Her specialization includes questions of dietetics, rational nutrition and feeding newborns, which previously did not attract the attention of major scientists.

His Ph.D. and doctoral dissertations defended from Professor Krylov, who was also interested in these topics. She is recognized as a talented Russian scientist, today under her leadership the school works on all possible directions of therapy. Much attention is paid to food regimens for various diseases.

Author of thousands of scientific works

One of the most famous surgeons in Russia is Khatkov Igor Evgenievich. Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor.

In the capital, he heads a clinical research and practice center, which in the past specialized exclusively in gastroenterology. Today the center is engaged in various medical directions. Doctor of Medical Sciences Khatkov Igor Evgenievich also directs the Department of Surgery at the Moscow Medical and Dental University. Moreover, the university prepares not only dentists, but also is one of the best universities in the country, where narrow specialists are trained in the field of "Medical business". In addition, this is one of the oldest medical universities in Russia, most recently marked its 90th anniversary.

Khatkov himself comes from the Saratov medical school. Thesis defended on the topic related to the treatment of surgical pathologies, and received a doctorate for the work to prevent complications in laparoscopy. This is a modern surgical method, in which all operations are performed through minimally small incisions. While in surgical practice, doctors are used to making incisions much more.

One he owns authorship of more than a thousand scientific works. Since 2014, seriously dealing with cancer problems, due to the fact that this disease has recently become extremely popular in Russia.

Pediatrician from God

This is often the name of another famous physician, a graduate of the Saratov Medical Institute. Nikolai Ivanovich Ivanov - MD, from the mid-60s until the end of his life, he headed the Department of Infectious Diseases in Saratov. Almost 30 years, from 1960 to 1989, he led this school.

A strong scientist-researcher who devoted his scientific research to questions on sepsis, acute intestinal infections and immunoprophylaxis.

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Ivanov, was born in the Penza region in 1925. He entered the medical institute during the Great Patriotic War, in 1942.

His first scientific work - Ph.D. thesis - he defended from Professor Zhelyabovskaya on diagnosis and treatment of typhoid fever in patients who received the vaccine. Most of his life he devoted to the study of infectious diseases in children. He investigated various diseases - measles, diphtheria, scarlet fever, poliomyelitis and many others.

Of particular interest are his studies on the early prevention of infectious diseases. The practical result was the development of a number of recommendations for the vaccination of children and adults against plague and cholera, which was especially relevant in those years.

Ivanov established the criteria under which the most effective is a vaccination against measles and mumps. Staphylococcal infection is thoroughly studied. Methods for the prevention of acute intestinal infections in children and adolescents have been developed.

It is his merit - the foundation in Russia of the national school of pediatric infectionists. He was the scientific supervisor in defending 40-odd dissertations, of which almost half are doctoral. All of them are devoted to the actual problems of infectious diseases, not only in adults, but also in children.

Ivanov also became a mentor for hundreds of graduates of the Saratov Medical Institute, whose rector worked. During his management of the university, the number of students doubled, 32 new chairs were opened. Among them, neurosurgery, polyclinic pediatrics, the first in the Soviet Union Department of Hematology. New clinics were built, dormitories for students.

Nikolai Ivanovich Ivanov died in 1989 at the age of 64 years. He was buried in the city where he spent most of his conscious life, Saratov.

The hematologist

One of the largest Russian scientists in the field of hematology is Andrei Vorobyev, professor, doctor of medical sciences. He was born in 1928 in the capital. Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Research Institute of Hematology and Intensive Care. The first head of the Ministry of Health in the Russian Federation. His main merits are research in the field of oncohematology, as well as radiation medicine.

The parents of Andrei Ivanovich were Bolshevik revolutionaries with a long record of service. Lenin's ideas were preached before the October Revolution. At the same time, they were engaged in science and practical medicine. But even this did not save them from Stalin's repression. Father Ivan Ivanovich, who worked as a doctor, was shot in 1936, the mother of Mir Samuilovna was sentenced to 10 years of forced labor camps in less than a year. At that time, Pavel was 13 years old.

During the Great Patriotic War he started working, worked as a painter. In 1947 he entered the Moscow Medical Institute. After receiving higher medical education, he began working in Volokolamsk as a doctor at a district hospital. Here he specialized in pathological anatomy, pediatrics and therapy.

Since 1956 he has been actively engaged in science. Becomes a residency to Professor Kassirsky and begins to seriously engage in hematology.

In this field, we are making serious progress. In 1971, he became the head of the department of hematology at the Central Institute for Advanced Training of Doctors.

After the tragedy at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, Andrei Vorobyev became one of the main initiators of the government medical commission. The doctor of medical sciences, the professor himself entered into its structure and investigated the therapeutic consequences for the victims of the accident.

In the late 80's, he was recognized throughout the country as a specialist in the field of hematology. Therefore, he becomes the director of the corresponding institution, which is now transformed into a hematology center, operating under the auspices of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. From a high post Vorobiev left only in 2011, when he turned 83 years old.

In 1991, Andrei Vorobyev was appointed the first Minister of Health in the history of Russia. True, he did not work for a long time, just under a year, Eduard Alexandrovich Nechayev replaced him.

Who invented the swine flu?

Namesake of Andrei Vorobyov - Pavel Andreevich Vorobyev, MD, professor is known for his original statements on the epidemic of swine flu. He is president of the Interregional Society for Pharmacological Research, so many people listen to him.

In his opinion, swine flu is a disease completely invented by pharmaceutical companies. The purpose of all this sensation is only one - to make money on the speculation of this topic as much as possible.

Manufacturers of various drugs, according to Pavel Vorobyov, professor, MD, deliberately inflate the hype to promote all sorts of vaccines and anti-virus drugs. And in this chain everyone finds themselves in business and earnings - public figures earn political capital, reporters earn well while they write about new sensational diseases, and doctors have something to treat patients from. One of the biggest problems of modern health care is fictitious diseases.

And, Vorobyov insists, the concept of "fictitious" should not be taken literally. These diseases exist, but their extent and consequences from them for people are greatly exaggerated. Sometimes they are credited with extraordinary properties, which they really do not possess.

Outbreaks of mysterious and strange infections in recent decades appear more often. According to media reports, they were supposed to take the lives of thousands of people. However, this does not happen, and against the background of such messages, pharmacological production develops by leaps and bounds. And this is not only swine flu, but also mad cow disease, and avian influenza, and atypical pneumonia.

Always on struggle against them the unimaginable means are allocated. It's about millions and billions of dollars and euros. Speaking specifically about the swine flu, Vorobiev leads the dry figures of statistics. For example, last year, among all viral infections in the world, the proportion of swine flu was no more than 5 percent. In this case, funds for fighting this disease have been allocated incomparably more than with him similar.

So the conclusion is everyone must do on their own. But it's worth paying attention if the excessive attention of journalists, experts and pharmacologists is accentuated on some disease, then the probability is that the real problem is greatly inflated. In fact, all seek only to get as much money as possible to fight this disease.

A doctor who has not prescribed a single prescription

That's what they say about the famous doctor Sergei Mikhailovich Bubnovsky. He is a man with a unique biography. When he was 22 years old, Sergei was in a serious car accident, survived a clinical death. However, despite the forecasts of doctors, I was able to get on my feet and start to lead a full life. After the accident seriously engaged in medicine, received a specialized education and developed his own treatment technique, which he subsequently patented. Thanks to his technique, he got rid of crutches and today he moves freely, like a healthy person.

Doctor of Medicine Bubnovsky is the founder of kinesitherapy. This is an alternative method for treating chronic diseases, which consists in the fact that the main focus is not on medical drugs, but on the internal reserves of the human body. Bubnovsky argues that if you learn to understand your own body, you can learn to cope with almost any disease.

Doctors of medical sciences in Russia generally appreciated this practice. It consists in carrying out treatment with the active and passive movements of the patient, and much attention is paid to therapeutic gymnastics. Bubnovsky has mastered this practice for more than 30 years.