Context synonyms - the key to an individual style

Each of the writers - whether it's a junior high school student or a venerable writer - had to face this phenomenon. It is just as interesting - from both a linguistic and a psychological point of view - how difficult it is to describe. After all, if synonyms in general are words that are similar in meaning and belong to the same part of speech, differing either in stylistic coloring or in shades of meaning, then contextual synonyms do not lend themselves to such description.
In a specific text, everything depends not so much on the capabilities of the language as on the intentions of the author. It is the author who is engaged in verbal equilibrism, practicing in originality and uniqueness. It is the author who makes contextual synonyms a word that is similar in meaning. Let us give an example: "the unspeakable, the blue, the tender" is from the lyrics of the great Sergei Yesenin. It would seem that there is in common between the designation of color, the sensuous attitude and "ineffable words"? Nevertheless, these adjectives in this poem are an example of what contextual synonyms are. They come together in meaning only and solely by the will of the author. His individual interpretation of the word, its metaphors and associations do not obey the logic of the language. Or another example: "thin lemon moonlight" - "lemon" and "moon" in this case also are context synonyms.

What are the means of expressiveness used for? Context synonyms are needed primarily in order to avoid tautology. For example, "the statue of Peter I", "The Bronze Horseman" and "He" will be synonyms that can be used, replacing each other. Common synonyms are the words of one part of speech, which differ both in writing and in sound, but they have the same or very close lexical meaning.

Stylistic synonyms can differ from each other in stylistic coloring: "eyes" - "eyes" - "zenki" - "morhals" are all about the same organ of vision, only with different stylistic means. But, say, if in the text we meet "her blue eyes, these two aquamarines" - then we have contextual synonyms. Since in the language "eyes" and "aquamarines" are absolutely not close in meaning. When some hero is told "our hero" - "Maxim" - "he" - "reckless daredevil" - this will also be contextual synonyms. Thus, the author can avoid unnecessary and unjustified repetitions and enrich his speech.

It is worth mentioning other types of synonyms. We have already mentioned the stylistic. Along with them there are also semantic synonyms, that is, words that are close in meaning but have a unique connotation of meaning. For example, can the words "scarlet" and "scarlet" be synonymous? Yes, only semantic: purple is a thick dark red color, and scarlet is bright red, rather light. But the word "poppy" or "wine" is a contextual synonym that does not necessarily have the meaning "red", but will only acquire it in a specific sentence. For example: "this ruby, wine dawn" or "scarlet, poppy scarf."

Along with the semantic and stylistic in the language there are absolute synonyms: orthography is the same as spelling, linguistics is the same as linguistics. Mastering the synonymous richness of the Russian language is necessary for all people writing, and a dictionary of synonyms is a good help in this.