Benzathine benzylpenicillin: description, properties, uses, analogs

Benzathine benzylpenicillin is an antibiotic and belongs to the penicillin group. Used to treat all kinds of infectious diseases caused by bacteria, vulnerable to its action. In this article, we will elaborate on the instructions for use, indications and contraindications to taking the drug, and also list several analogues.

Benzathine benzylpenicillin: a description of the drug

This drug is one of the first antibiotics of the penicillin group. Despite a very long period of application, it has not lost its relevance due to a wide range of actions and the ability to destroy a variety of pathogenic bacteria. The drug, for example, can cope with anthrax, meningococcus, syphilis and a variety of streptococci and staphylococci. It is injected, since benzathine benzylpenicillin is not absorbed in the digestive tract.

The prescription in Latin is often prescribed by doctors, and then it is difficult for the patient to understand what he was prescribed. To avoid such a misunderstanding, you just need to know the name of the drug in this language - Benzathine benzylpenicillinum.

Usually the drug is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. But it is also possible that the drug enters the body through the spinal canal, subcutaneously or through the affected area.

Benzylpenicillin is an antibiotic, consisting of the same active substance. But in the composition of the drug it comes in the form of salts. So the substance can be stored for a very long time without decaying. And after injection into the body, benzylpenicillin is released from the salts and begins its antibacterial action.

Depending on the salt in which the active substance is found, several types of the drug are distinguished. Despite this, they all have approximately the same effect, but differ in the methods of administration and the duration of the effect.

Indications

Benzathine benzylpenicillin is prescribed for the following diseases:

• Infectious lesions of respiratory organs (pleurisy, pneumonia, bronchitis, empyema of the pleura , etc.).
• Diseases of the urogenital system (syphilis, gonorrhea, urethritis, cystitis, adnexitis, salpingitis).
• Infections of the ENT organs (scarlet fever, tonsillitis, sinusitis, otitis media, sinusitis, laryngitis, etc.).
• Purulent infections of the visual organs, bones and skin, mucous membranes (blenorrhea, dacryocystitis, blepharitis, osteomyelitis, mediastinitis, erysipelas, phlegmon, wound infections, etc.).
• Abscess of the brain.
• Purulent meningitis.
• Septicemia, septicemia.
• Arthritis.
• Peritonitis.
• Diseases caused by spirochetes (yaws, anthrax, etc.).
• A fever caused by a rat bite.
• Infections caused by Listeria, Clostridia, Pasteurella.

In addition, the drug is prescribed for preventive purposes with postoperative complications and complications with streptococcal infections (endocarditis, rheumatism, glomerulonephritis, etc.).

Pharmacokinetics

Benzathine benzylpenicillin (in the Latin Benzathine benzylpenicillinum) immediately begins to disintegrate, releasing the active substance. In this case, the drug remains in the blood for the next 3 weeks after the injection. In the liquid, the substance penetrates much better than in the tissue. In this case it is necessary to take into account that benzylpenicillin is able to overcome the placental barrier and to appear in the milk of the nursing mother. It is excreted through the kidneys unchanged. In the first 8 days approximately 33% of the administered dose is allocated.

Pregnancy and lactation

As noted above, the drug is able to penetrate the placental barrier and enter the breast milk. Therefore, when prescribing the drug, breastfeeding should be discontinued.

During pregnancy, the prescription of a medicine is possible only if the benefit for a woman exceeds the risks for the child. The doctor must make the decision, having warned the future mother about all possible consequences.

Contraindications

Benzathine benzylpenicillin (prescription can only be prescribed by a doctor) has a number of contraindications. It can not be prescribed to people with the following ailments:

• Intolerance to penicillin or cephalosporin, an allergic reaction to them.
• High levels of potassium in the blood (hyperkalemia).
• Arrhythmia.
• Hay fever.
• Asthma is bronchial.
• Renal insufficiency.
• Pseudomembranous colitis.

With caution, the drug is prescribed to children up to six months and prematurely.

Side effects

Benzathine benzylpenicillin can cause a number of undesirable effects, we list them below.

Various allergic manifestations:

• temperature increase;
• hives;
• Rashes on mucous membranes and skin integuments;
• Pain in the joints;
• Eosinophilia;
• Erythema multiforme;
• Angioedema;
• Exfoliative dermatitis;
• anaphylactic shock.

Undesirable reactions of the cardiovascular system:

• Thrombocytopenia;
• anemia;
• Violation of coagulation;
• Leukopenia.

Besides:

• stomatitis;
• headache;
• glossitis;
• Pain in the area of administration;
• Abscesses;
• Infiltrates;
• Nephritis peripheral;
• Fistulas.

With long-term use, harmful fungi and microorganisms can develop resistance, and then the drug will lose its effectiveness.

Benzathine benzylpenicillin: instructions for use

For patients over 12 years of age, the drug for preventive purposes and for the treatment of infectious ailments is administered once a week at a dosage of 300 to 600 thousand units or twice a month for 1.2 million units.

As a preventive measure for rheumatism, the drug is injected for 6 weeks, once a week for 600 thousand units. At the same time prescribe acetylsalicylic acid or other NSAIDs.

Patients under 12 years of age, the drug is administered once a week at a rate of 5-10 thousand units per 1 kg.

Between injections should take at least 8 days. The average dosage is 2.3 million units.

Before use, the drug is dissolved in physiological saline, special water for injection or novocaine (2.5% or 5%).

The drug can be administered in the following ways:

• Intramuscular;
• Intravenous;
• Subcutaneous;
• Lumbar (through the dorsal canal);
• Pleural (through the pulmonary pleura);
• Subconjunctival (through the eye tissues);
• Drip through the ear;
• Drip through the nose;
• Directly into the tissue of the affected organ.

Combination with other drugs

Benzathine benzylpenicillin (the instruction points directly at this) can interact with other drugs. In this case, benzylpenicillin itself can have the following actions: synergistic, antagonistic and bacteriostatic.

In addition, the drug increases the effectiveness of drugs related to indirect anticoagulants. And reduces the effectiveness of ethinylestradiol and various oral contraceptives.

Using together with NSAIDs, allopurinol, diuretics leads to a decrease in tubular secretion and an increase in the concentration of the active substance. In addition, allopurinol greatly increases the risk of allergic reactions.

Precautionary measures

Be sure to hold an aspirate before the first injection. If the drug accidentally gets into the vessels, then it may cause ischemia or embolism. In addition, there may be a sense of anxiety, depression, short-term vision impairment.

In cases where it is necessary to make two injections at a time, the medicine is injected into different buttocks or hands.

When the appearance of the first allergic manifestations, it is urgent to interrupt therapy. The doctor may prescribe anti-allergenic drugs.

Often, with benzylpenicillin, "Levorin" or "Nystatin" is prescribed, since there is a risk of fungal lesions. That is why with prolonged therapy with a drug, suppression of the intestinal microflora, which produces vitamins of the B group, can occur. In connection with this, these vitamins can be prescribed for intramuscular injection.

special instructions

Benzathine benzylpenicillin is given with special care to patients who have various disorders of kidney function, a predisposition to allergic manifestations, with high sensitivity to the active substance. The final decision always remains with the attending physician, who must know well the history of his patient.

It is not recommended to prescribe a medicinal product for the treatment of neurosyphilis, since in this disease the necessary concentration of active substance in the patient's blood can not be achieved.

Analogues

There are other drugs that have the same effect as benzathine benzylpenicillin. Analogues, of course, also belong to the penicillin group. We list the most famous and effective:

• "Gramox-D" - is issued in the form of a powder intended for dilution and oral ingestion.
• "Amosin" - is produced in capsules, tablets and powder for oral administration.
• "Ospen" - is made in the form of syrup.
• "Hikontsil" - is available in the form of capsules and powder for oral administration.
• Salt azlocillina sodium - a powdery substance from which the solution for intravenous injection is made.
• "Ampicillin" - is produced in tablets, capsules, granules, the latter make a suspension and taken internally.
• "Ecobol" - is produced in tablets.
• Ospamox is manufactured in the form of tablets, capsules and powder for oral administration.
• "Phenoxymethylpenicillin" - is available in tablets, dragees, granules and powder.
• "Star-Pen" - is made in the form of granules, which are bred and taken orally.
• "Oxacillin" - is made in the form of tablets, capsules, powder, from which the solution for injections is prepared.
• "Stadacillin" - is available in capsules.
• The salt of carbenicillin disodium is produced in the form of a powder for making an injection solution.

Thus, despite the rather long use of the drug in medicine, it still remains one of the most effective remedies against various infections.