Asphalting of small areas. Methods and stages of work execution

The most common and practical way of landscaping is asphalting, thanks to which buildings, structures, as well as adjacent paths and areas acquire a well-groomed, completed look. Therefore, the asphalting of small areas is no less important than laying asphalt on large objects. It has its own specific work, for which a special maneuvering (on caterpillar or wheeled chassis) road construction equipment is used.

Factors considered for asphalting

Before the asphalting of territories in small areas, it is necessary to take into account such basic factors:

• Relief and configuration of the site;
• Presence of buildings and fences.

On this depends on the completion time of the piling, and what will be the price for asphalting. Small areas require many different materials, the use of special equipment, as well as work related to circumvention of technical structures and plantations.

Materials used in asphalting

Asphalting of small areas is carried out using a cast asphalt-concrete mixture. This road-building material has a high density, roughness of the coating, which does not require compaction after laying, which is possible at low temperatures. Work is carried out with a special mixture heated to 180 - 200 ° C. Asphalting of territories up to 5m ^{2 is} performed using cool asphalt.

Technology of asphalt paving

Asphalting of small areas by technology differs from the construction of intensive highways. The main difference is the way of laying the substrate for asphalt mixtures, because the load on such a coating is small during further operation. Accordingly, asphalting of sites, garages, yards is conducted with less stringent requirements.

The base for laying consists of a layer of gravel, sand or hard concrete. Given that the load on the surface will be negligible, you can lay only one layer of asphalt. Its most optimal thickness for the sidewalks is 3-4 cm, for the driveway to the house - 5-7 cm. Asphalt laying works end with compaction of its base. This is done by means of ramming, rolling, or vibrating, using a plate compactor or a two-shaft hand roller.

When carrying out work, the roller must be smoothly and evenly moved throughout the stacked area. To the asphalt mixture is not lapped to the device, it is moistened with water. To reduce the depth of the transverse joints and to seal them, additional layers of liquid bitumen or asphalt-concrete mixture must be applied. Asphalt laying is carried out using technology with the use of special equipment to ensure that the coating was of high quality, not subjected to cracks, failure, had a long service life.

Methods of laying the coating

When laying asphalt pavement on small areas, one of these methods is used:

• Without the use of special equipment;
• mixed.

The first method is suitable for asphalting inaccessible areas for asphalt equipment. Laying and leveling is carried out manually with special construction tools, the compaction is carried out by a vibration plate or road roller.

With a mixed method, most of the work is carried out with asphalt laying equipment. Difficult and difficult areas are asphalted using hand tools.

Stages of work execution

Approaches, sidewalks, platforms near the buildings should be smooth, solid and beautiful. Asphalting of areas for children can be carried out with colored materials. It is necessary to correctly asphalt them, having executed such works:

1. Carry out soil preparation. To do this, remove the top layer, and trowel the trench with a roller. Further, a geosynthetic web is laid, which prevents the absorption of rubble by the soil.
2. Lay the foundation. It can consist of sand, gravel, gravel or concrete.
3. Perform asphalt paving and leveling. Laying the first layer of coating (cold or hot), the thickness of which is 5-8 cm and is shoveled all over the territory. More durable is cold asphalting, (its price is much higher than hot styling).
4. Seal with the help of mechanisms such as a plate compactor or a manual double-roller.

Asphalting of small areas can be accomplished both with the involvement of specialists and independently. The main thing is to observe the technology for laying the coating, so that with further use it will withstand all possible loads and have a long service life. The prices for such services depend on the complexity and the area of the work performed, the number of consumables, and the type of equipment to be used.