What is industrial art? Design, technical aesthetics and artistic design

Industrial art ennobles all objects created by man. It makes them comfortable and aesthetically attractive. In this article you will learn more about it.

What is industrial art

Industrial art is aimed at creating an object environment that can meet the human needs of the material and spiritual order. To create an object environment, the search and definition of properties of different things are carried out, which are mass produced in an industrial way. It is not so much about the external characteristics of individual objects, as about the structural and functional connections between them, through which the objective environment acquires unity. This is the first task that industrial art decides. The definition of one more of his tasks will be given later in the article.

Another goal of industrial art is the transformation of human tools and all the things that people use, in accordance with the aesthetic canons. Answering the question what is industrial art, it should also be noted that its peculiarity is that the creative act of determining the form of the produced object occurs before its physical creation. Thus, industrial art is oriented, first of all, to mass production.

History of Industrial Art

Industrial art has its origin from the moment when the goods began to be manufactured with the help of machine tools. Thus, they ceased to possess individual traits. The depersonalization of manufactured goods gave rise to a request for industrial art, which was intended to give them an aesthetic pseudo-individual appearance. Its origin industrial art leads from architecture. Many of those who stood at its source, were famous architects. It is architecture and industrial art that created the subject-spatial environment in which we all live at the present time. But the key difference between architecture and industrial art is that architecture deals with shaping "space", and industrial art is shaping the objective environment. In addition, the commercial component is more pronounced in industrial art. The market determines what it produces.

Until the beginning of the 20th century, industrial objects simply had decorative elements, which were relics of artisanal individual production. At that time, the answer to the question, what is industrial art, was not clearly formed. Then began to appear innovative artistic directions, whose members, seeking new areas of creativity, turned their attention to the products of industry. At the same time, entrepreneurs realized the benefits that aesthetic design of their products can bring to them. After the Second World War, the ability to turn manufactured goods into almost works of art became evidence of high economic development. Thus, industrial art began to turn into an important lever in the competition between different producers.

Industrial designers - creators of industrial art

Industrial designers "create" industrial art. The meaning of the word designer, incidentally, this is another testimony. In English, it means the one who carries out the creative plan. A person likes to endow things he creates, not only with practical properties, but also with external attractiveness. Industrial designers are specialists who determine what will be the external features and ergonomic characteristics of various items produced in an industrial way (from toasters and mobile phones to sports equipment and tools). Industrial designers usually specialize in one particular product category. They create, plan and endow a certain style of household appliances, medical equipment, furniture and many other things. It was industrial designers who created the shape and appearance of brands such as a jeep, iPod and Coca-Cola. And this is not all the masterpieces that industrial art has given us. The meaning of the word designer (one who carries out the creative idea), as we see, sometimes turns out to be very precise.

Features of the work of an industrial designer

The process of giving the product aesthetic characteristics, besides designing also includes the creation of sketches, models, prototypes and a product of testing. Industrial designers often use 3D software and computer-aided design (CAD) systems in their work. In addition, they can first make a prototype, and then, using industrial computer tomography, create models from CAD, as well as make a test to identify external defects.

Industrial designers can determine the outlines of an object, the placement of its details relative to each other, color, shape, as well as aspects that relate to the use of the object by the consumer. They also sometimes determine the material from which the object will be produced, and in what form it will be presented to the consumer at the time of sale.

Algorithm of the work of an industrial designer

Industrial designers are constantly in contact with engineers and marketers when creating products. The latter help them determine the qualities that consumers expect from the product, as well as the external characteristics that facilitate its sale. Having created several sketches with different design ideas, the industrial designer shows them to the client. After he chooses one of them, the industrial designer creates his computer model with the help of computer programs for graphic design, image processing and CAD. In addition, he creates three-dimensional models so that the client can visually see what the final result will look like. Next, the engineering design department is accepted for work.

The difference between industrial art and engineering design

Above was given an answer to the question, what is industrial art, and what does an industrial designer do. Now we will specify what is the difference between industrial art and engineering design. It consists in the fact that the priority tasks of engineering design is the creation of functional and useful qualities of the product, while industrial art focuses on its aesthetic aspects.

Industrial art, technical aesthetics, design - what is the difference between them

The terms industrial art and industrial design are synonymous. It's just that now in our state, what was formerly regarded as industrial art was called industrial design. The definition of each of them sounds essentially the same.

The term technical aesthetics means a theoretical basis for design. She studies the methods and principles of artistic design. In addition, she considers issues related to the peculiarities of the profession of a designer. Together with the design, technical aesthetics create a comfortable and aesthetic subject environment, which, in turn, has a beneficial effect on the productivity and quality of the goods.

What is artistic design and what does the artist-designer

The goal of artistic design is to make the objects produced by man comfortable and beautiful. Among other things, designers are trying to make the premises better adapted to people's activities. The profession of artist-designer unites creativity and engineering art. The person who engages in it must equally know both the technical aspects of the objects that it constructs and their possible aesthetic component. The designer-designer during his work always keeps in touch with the engineers-designers and other specialists. This contact serves the purpose of taking into account all the requirements of the end user, as well as increasing the efficiency of the productive process.

Industrial art (it is also called industrial design) is one of the types of human creative activity. He is already over 100 years old.