We develop attention: psychology of preschool age

Attention begins to develop in the youngest children even in the period of newborn. The most important thing the child can focus on is the mother's breast, which feeds him, gives a sense of the presence of the mother. Gradually, the face, hands, hair, body gets into the perception area: an integral image of the parental figure is formed. In contact with other family members who talk, play, take up, involuntary attention continues to form. Psychology states the fact that by the third month of life the child reacts by a complex of animation to several people: father, mother, nanny, grandmother or older brother (sister). The amount of attention increases, but remains involuntary for a long time, i.е. Depends on how interesting the child is to the object.

With age, the development of attention. Psychology of preschool age pays attention to its stability and switching. Dynamics of stability can be checked with the help of simple pictures from developing magazines for preschoolers:

1. A child of 5 years is offered a pair of pictures with several differences. The first task can be proposed to execute using drawings, where there are 10 differences, and the next time, increasing their number to 15.

2. The illustrations of the absurd content are selected and the task is given: to name what is depicted incorrectly.

3. The preschooler is offered to paint the second part of the picture that is not finished. The ability to correctly select the color, perform the task to the end, indicates that the stability of attention becomes stable.

Distractions from the fulfillment of tasks, the absence of the child is fixed by the researcher. The dynamics can be traced in comparison with the indicators of the previous age period.

Theory of attention Vygotsky, D.B. Elkonin is assisted by the teacher of a pre-school institution to check the mediation of the pupil's attention. For this, a number of questions are drawn up, and in the conditions of the game it is explained that one can not call a white and a blue color when responding. For example: "What color is the grass? A doctor's bathrobe? "The more time a child spends on thinking about questions, the search for answers, the less he develops mediated attention. Psychology knows many examples when children independently seek to develop this kind of attention, playing games: "Yes and no do not say, do not call white and black", "Flies - does not fly", "Edible - not edible" and others.

You can simultaneously develop children's orientation on a sheet of paper and train the ability to switch and redistribute attention. The psychology of the junior schoolchild helps to motivate such actions, this contributes to a quality preparation for school education. Children are offered to dictate the adult to draw, drawing a line on the cells down, to the right or up. As a result, you should get an image or a pattern chain on a piece of paper. Otherwise, this task is also called "Elkonin's dictation", which is carried out by checking the level of readiness of children for schooling.

Many parents know that quality and rational nutrition can also help develop attention. Psychology - not the only science that deals with improving cognitive processes in children. Nutritionists are advised to use sweetened tea when weakening attention. Sugar is a source of energy for the brain. To maintain the concentration of attention protein food is recommended: meat, fish, dairy products, which create a feeling of satiety for a long time, without overloading the stomach, without provoking the appearance of relaxation after eating. Olive oil, nuts and chocolate are sources of vitamin E, which helps to renew brain cells and bone tissue, helps to eliminate toxins, protects the neurons of the brain from death.

Effective development of attention in preschool children becomes possible with a comprehensive approach: the formation of cognitive processes with the help of special games and exercises, monitoring the dynamics of their improvement and with the support of the body with vitamins that stimulate the development of the human brain.