Education, Languages
Types of subordinate clauses in the CPR
Types of subordinate clauses in Russian are distinguished depending on the semantic links between parts of the complex sentence. But first you need to figure out what the complex sentence (or NGN) itself is, and how it differs from the compounded (SSP) of its colleague.
Their main difference is in the form of a relationship that determines the relationship between parts of these types of complex sentences. If in the BSC we are dealing with a cohesive link (as one can easily guess from a single name), then in the CPR - with a subordinate.
A communication connection presupposes an initial "equality" between parts, i.e. Each individual predicate unit (a simple sentence as part of a complex one) can function separately without loss of meaning: The tender May sun was luminous and clear, and each twig stretched towards it with its still young leaves.
It is easy to guess that parts of the proposal in the CPR are in a different kind of relationship. The main sentence in it "governs" the subordinate. Depending on how this management takes place, the following types of subordinate clauses exist:
Kinds of subordinate | Values | Issues | Unions, allied words | Sample proposal | |
Identification | Define the noun in the main sentence | Which one? | Who, what, where, where, where, from, which, what | I accidentally stumbled upon a letter (which?), Which was written long before my birth. | |
Explanatory | Relate to verbs | Case Studies | What, that, as, as if, etc. | I still do not understand (what exactly?), How it could happen. | |
Circumstantial | Places | Point to the scene | Where? Where from? Where? | Where, where, where | He went there (where?), Where the flowers bloom all year round. |
Time | Indicates the time of action | When? How long? Since when? Up to what time? | When, as soon as, since then, etc., | I realized this then (when?) When it was already late. | |
conditions | Under what condition? | If, if ... then | I will help you solve the problem (under what condition?), If I have time. | ||
causes | Clarify the reason for the action | For what reason? Why? | Because, since, because that, because | Petya could not answer the question (for what reason?), Since he was not ready for it. | |
Objectives | Indicate for what purpose the action is performed | For what? What for? For what purpose? | So that | To personally verify this, he personally came to the director (why?). | |
Consequences | Show us the result of an action | In consequence of what? | So that | She looked so gorgeous, so that her eyes could not be torn off. | |
Mode of action | How? How? | As if, as if, exactly, as if, as if | The boys rushed like that (like?), As if a pack of hungry dogs were chasing them. | ||
Measures and degrees | In what degree? To what extent? To what extent? | How much, how much, what, how | It all happened so quickly (to what extent?), That no one came to his senses before. | ||
Comparisons | Like who? Like what? What is it? Than what? | As if, as if, than | This guy was much smarter (than who?) Than his peers. | ||
Concessions | Despite what? | Although, despite the fact that, for nothing, how much ... neither, let | Let it seem untrue, but I believe in it (despite of what?). | ||
To more accurately determine the types of subordinate clauses, it is enough just to correctly ask the question from the main sentence (or the word in it) to the dependent (subordinate).
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