The Blackmore probe is a medical device designed to stop bleeding from varicose veins of an organ such as the esophagus. It should be noted that this disease develops as a result of an external or intrahepatic block of the portal system. Bleeding from the veins of the stomach or esophagus is the most dangerous and quite frequent deviation, which can threaten the life of the patient. This is why a device called the Blackmore probe is actively used to treat this pathological condition. About what this device is, what it looks like and other things, we'll look at it just below.
What is the Blackmore-Sengstacken probe?
This device is a tube (three-lumen), which has a length of 100 centimeters. At its end is a round balloon, and a little higher is a cylindrical chamber. Two channels of this device are intended for hollow vessels, and the third lumen is necessary to control the effectiveness of hemostasis and aspiration of the contents of the stomach.
History of occurrence
For the first time the Blackmore probe was used in the late 19th century, namely in 1893. Between 1930 and 1950, this device was modified several times. It is after such improvements in clinical practice that an esophageal probe with three lumens and two vessels is actively used. Of all the measures that are taken to temporarily stop internal bleeding, the device with pneumatic cylinders is considered the most effective. After all, with the help of it it is possible to squeeze quite easily the bleeding varicose veins in the lower part of the esophagus and the region of the cardia.
Correct statement of the Blackmore probe
To perform such a procedure, it is necessary to lubricate with oil with vaseline oil the rubber cylinders and the distal end of the device. Further it should be introduced through the nose of the patient and reach the nasopharynx. In the case of an increased reflex, as well as the instability of the patient's psyche, it is recommended to anesthetize the mucous membranes immediately prior to carrying out the measures. After this, the patient needs to take a little water in his mouth and with the simultaneous swallowing of the fluid with rapid movements push the Blackmore probe up to the stomach cavity. Having reached the main digestive organ, the specialist should inflate the distal balloon by injecting about 60 ml of air into it. This procedure is carried out using a syringe. Then the probe is pulled up until the sensation of the abutment near the cardia of the stomach, and then fix it with an adhesive plaster to the upper lip. Thanks to such arrangements, the Blackmore probe takes the right position, and the second balloon is positioned exactly in the esophagus. It is inflated in the same way, pumping 110-140 ml of air.
If this device is installed correctly, then the blood separation on it stops. To avoid the formation of pressure ulcers in the esophagus, after 2 hours the second balloon is lowered. In the event that the bleeding continues, the vessel is again inflated.