Sports and Fitness, Athletics
TRP - specifications. "Ready for work and defense!"
On March 13, 2013, Vladimir Putin at the Sambo-70 Center met with representatives of the Russian education system, the federal executive power, and the public. The topic of the conversation concerned the fundamental importance of a more complete material and sporting support, the relevance of the TRP remake and at the same time assimilating it to the realities of modern Russian life. In particular, it was about giving the updated TRP the status of the exam along with the USE at admission to the university.
Preliminary preparation
The conversation was not impromptu. The country's budget previously accumulated funds for the deployment of this project in the amount of 1.5 billion rubles. (They were "saved" by the Olympics in Sochi). For comparison: the estimated cost of implementing the TRP, according to the estimates of the Minister of Sports Vitaly Mutko, is 1.2 billion rubles.
Also, preliminary in most universities and secondary schools, major repairs of gyms and playgrounds intended for physical education were carried out. Many such institutions built stadiums with artificial cover. Thus, the youth received the necessary playgrounds for gaming sports: football, basketball and so on. At the level of cities and their regions, basins and sports palaces are built and built. Now for the townspeople the distance to the nearest basin is equivalent to 5-10 minutes of walking. A structure has been created and is being improved that has a potential throughput that is an order of magnitude higher than the current physical culture movement offers.
Decree of the President
Obviously, the conversation turned out to be constructive, since on 24.03.2014, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed Decree No. 172 on the All-Russian Athletics Complex of the TRP. According to the project, it was decided to start the delivery of regulations on a nationwide scale from 01.09.2015. The Presidential Administration has developed an appropriate plan, and Vladimir Vladimirovich set the task for the Government of the Russian Federation to create a provision on the TRP until mid-June 2014, and submit a phased plan for its implementation until 01.08.2014.
At the same time, the President of the Russian Federation defined the actual executors of this project - the Ministry of Sports (coordinating body) and the federal executive authority (the organizer and initiator of the introduction of the universal delivery of the complex's standards on the ground). However, the process went ahead of schedule.
Traditional name of the sports complex
It should be noted that with the familiar abbreviation of the TRP, carefully preserved from Soviet times, the updated name of the complex is still different from the original one. Initially, it spoke of the physical readiness of those who passed the TRP standards as to intensive labor in the national economy, and to protection (it meant the Motherland, although the word itself was not mentioned).
How did the Russians react to the revival of the tradition? Polls confirmed that the absolute majority - with approval, moreover, expressed a personal desire to pass the standards of 60% of the younger generation and 36% of older Russians. Criticized the revival of the TRP only 5% of the population, expressed a "not formed opinion" - 22%.
New interpretation of the name
The updated transcript of the TRP sounds like: "I'm proud of you, Fatherland!". This title-appeal turned out to be more personal, warmer, it directly refers to the holy for the Russian people word "Fatherland".
Draft provision on the TRP. The essence of the complex
The status quo is defined in the developed draft of the provision - the program and regulatory framework, that is, figuratively speaking, the cornerstone of the entire system of physical education of Russian citizens.
This makes you think about the meaning of the project - to enter into the sphere of financial education of millions of people the point of reference, to stimulate by means of standards compliance with certain standards of physical health. The state launches a powerful plan for international, all-Russian and regional physical culture and sports events, during which citizens will carry out TRP standards.
Approved solution
The revival of the set of standards for physical training is an unmistakable option, since it has proved itself remarkably for decades. The older generation still remembers about it warmly. It was his mechanism that was the beginning of the transformation of the Soviet Union into a leading sports power. Hundreds of thousands of schoolchildren, having passed the TRP standards at a decent level, then got into the system of selection of sports schools. Then for the most talented of them the principle of "social elevator" worked. Thus, numerous Soviet Olympic champions and World Champions began with a small badge broadcasting about the successful delivery of physical tests.
Becoming a TRP
Let's remember history. How was the complex named "Ready for Labor and Defense" born?
On September 23, 1929, the Central Committee of the CPSU (B.) Assessed the condition of the physical culture movement in the country as unsatisfactory. The Bolsheviks made a number of critical remarks about the insufficient mass character of this movement among workers and rural youth. Pointing out the course of the new athletic movement, they pointed to the fallacy and harm of one-sided "sporting". The situation was decided to be brought under the control of the state. By resolution of the Central Committee, the All-Union Council of Physical Culture (VSFC) was proposed to create under the Central Election Commission (CEC). 01.04.1930. The Presidium of the CEC adopted a decree on the creation of the Supreme Arbitration Commission.
On May 24, 1930 the Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper published materials prepared jointly by the Komsomol and the All-Union Physical Education Council. In them the key idea was the initiation of the creation of a unified assessment of physical training in the country. After discussing these materials, the WSFC in November 1930 published a draft of the complex "Ready for Labor and Defense".
Dynamics of the TRP
07.03.1931 VSFC, having such authority, approved the TRP complex, which contains 15 physical culture exercises and consists of a single step.
In 1932, with 465,000 novice athletes who passed the standards and awarded badges, the WSFC developed and approved the second stage of standards, it was already fundamentally more difficult to implement. It was justified, the interest of young people grew. The result was noticeable already in the following year: the number of icons increased twofold.
On June 15, 1934, the complex "Ready for Labor and Defense" became "younger" and actually grew into an all-Union movement: the VSFC attracted younger age groups: from 13 to 14 and from 15 to 16 years, and by the end of the year the number of people who overcame the standard, Significantly increased - to 2.5 million people.
Up until the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the movement was gaining strength, its representatives took part in the parades. After rebuilding the national economy, which was destroyed in the course of hostilities, it continued its march through the territory of the USSR.
In order to surrender the norms, in 1954 a single order was defined - sports and competition. Since 1959, the STO stages of the USSR have been separated by age groups. 1972 was marked by the introduction of a separate age category for pre-conscription and draft youth. Since 1979, this movement involves children from the age of 10 years. The TRP sports movement was organically associated with the educational process in schools and universities. Teachers of physical culture, thanks to the constant practice of training sports-oriented youth, also increased their qualifications as teachers and as coaches.
STP steps
The history of TRP in the Soviet Union is sixty years old. During this time, we have accumulated invaluable experience of reaching and attracting young people and older generations to a healthy lifestyle. The existing system turned out to be truly popular, its adherents were in the age range from 10 to 60 years, which is shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Conformity of age ranges to STP levels
Name of the stage | Sequence number of the stage | Age Range |
"Bold and deft" | I stage | Girls and boys 10-11 and 12-13 years old |
"Sports shift" | II stage | Adolescents 14-15 years old |
"Strength and Courage" | III stage | Girls and boys 16-18 years old |
"Physical perfection" | IV stage | Women 19-34 and men 19-39 years old |
"Cheerfulness and health" | V step | Women 35-55 years and men 40-60 years |
The surrender of specifications in the USSR provided for two levels of their complexity, corresponding to the "silver" badge and the "golden" one. On each icon below, under the image, its step was shown.
An example of the standards of the Soviet TRP
The guys tried, because only a fusion of great desire and diligence allowed a young man to be marked first in his life by a sports sign. As can be seen from the table below, the TRP standards for men, by virtue of their stronger constitution, naturally, differed in greater intensity than women's.
Table 2. Standards TRP III level "Strength and courage"
N п / п | Names of exercises | TRP icon | |
Girls gold / silver | Boys gold / silver | ||
1. Running for a short distance | Running for a distance of 100 m | 15.4 / 16.2 seconds | 13.5 / 14.2 seconds |
2. Running for an average distance | Cross (middle distance) | ||
Running for 500 m | 1.5 / 2.0 min | - | |
Running for 1 thousand meters. | - | 3.2 / 3.3 min | |
or | |||
500 m distance on skates | 1.2 / 1.3 min | 1.15 / 1.25 min | |
3. Jump in length or in height | Length | 375/340 cm | 480/440 cm |
or | |||
Height | 115/105 cm | 135/125 cm | |
4. Throwing grenade 500 g (700 g) or throwing the nucleus 4 kg (5 kg) | Throwing grenades 500 g | 25/21 m | - |
Grenade throwing 700 g | - | 40/35 m | |
or | |||
Shot put 4 kg | 6.8 / 6.0m | ||
Shot put 5 kg | - | 10.0 / 8.0 m | |
5. Skiing | Ski race | ||
Cross-country skiing 3 km | 18/20 min | - | |
Cross-country skiing 5 km | - | 25/27 min | |
or | |||
Cross-country skiing 10 km | - | 52/57 min | |
In the snowless. Areas: | |||
Marshal throw | |||
March-throw for a distance of 3 km | 18/20 min | - | |
March-throw for a distance of 6 km | - | 32/35 min | |
or | |||
Cyclocross | |||
Velocross 10 km | 27/30 min | - | |
|
Velocross 20 km | - | 46/50 min | |
6. Swimming | Swimming at a distance of 100 m | 2.00 / 2.15 min | 1.45 / 2.00 min |
7. Pulling (crossbar) | Pulling (crossbar) | - | 12/8 times |
or | |||
Lifting with a coup (force) | - | 4/3 times | |
Flexion and extension of hands in the support | 12/10 times | - | |
8. Shooting | Rifle shooting from small-caliber rifle | ||
Rifle shooting from small rifle 25 m | 37/30 points | 40/33 points | |
or | |||
Rifle shooting from small-caliber rifle 50 m | 34/27 points | 37/30 points | |
or | |||
Shooting from the AKM / carbine according to the CWP program | Will satisfy. | Will satisfy. | |
9. Hiking | A hiker with skills testing, as well as with orientation | Gold (hike - 25 km, alternative: 2 hikes - every 15 km). Silver (hike - 20 km, alternative: 2 hikes - every 12 km) | Gold (hike - 25 km, alternative: 2 hikes - every 15 km). Silver (hike - 20 km, alternative: 2 hikes - every 12 km) |
It should be noted that the surrender of standards was not formal. To get the TRP badge, boys and girls were supposed to be in good physical shape, unattainable without regular training.
Pilot project
With the lead time ahead of the decree of the President, from March 1, 2013 in all cities of Russia a pilot project has begun. How was it implemented?
Regional federal education authorities have appointed those responsible for the effective passage of this process. Then, in February 2013, on the ground, sports equipment was prepared, documentary regulatory base - testing schedules. Conducted theoretical and practical exercises with schoolchildren on the revived standards.
"Pilot" students and students of the TRP began to take over at the beginning of the last decade of March. The organizers conducted physical training testing of 50% (for example, odd classes or groups) of schoolchildren and students. The remaining 50% is scheduled for next year. The results were documented in the test reports. Standards (for example, skiing) were given in cooperation with the Youth Sports School. Then, the test reports were sent to the regional CYSS to identify young people with demonstrated athletic abilities. Purposeful preparation of schoolchildren and students has been planned throughout the year.
Since 2014, the complex discussed by us has entered into all the curricula of the Russian Federation.
Age groups of the updated TRP
The revived complex has more stages than its predecessor. Its goal is to reach the maximum population of the country. After all, it is planned to improve the way of life of millions of Russians. Accordingly, this project covers a larger age range than its predecessor: from 6 years old to over 70 years old. The age groups of the complex "I'm Proud of You, Fatherland" are presented below (see Table 3).
Table 3. Age groups of the new TRP
The steps of the complex | Age categories |
Stage I | School 1-2 classes, children 6-8 years old |
Stage II | School 3-4 cells, children 9-10 years old |
Stage III | School 5-6 cells, 11-12 years old |
Stage IV | School 7-9 cells, 13-15 years old |
Stage V | School 10-11 cells, prof. Education (16 to 17 years) |
Stage VI | Age of athletes: 18-29 years |
Stage VII | Age of athletes 30-39 years old |
Stage VIII | Age from 40 to 49 years |
Stage IX | Age from 50 to 59 years |
Stage X | Age from 60 to 69 years |
Stage XI | Age from 70 years and more |
Exercises of the complex "I'm Proud of You, Fatherland!"
Imagine an updated interpretation of TRP on the example of male standards for the VI stage (18-24 years). It should be noted that athletes are assessed by three icons: bronze, silver and gold.
The updated complex contains both compulsory exercises and exercises for choice (see Table 4).
Table 4. Exercises
№ п / п | Exercises | Qualification indicators: gold // silver // bronze |
1 | Running for a short distance of 100 m | 13.5 // 14.8 // 15.1 seconds |
2 | Running for an average distance - 3 km | 12.3 // 13.30 // 14.00 min |
3 | Leap from a long run | 430 // 390 // 380 cm |
3 | Or a jump from a place in length | 240 // 230 // 215 cm |
4 | Pulling on a high crossbar | 13 // 10 // 9 times |
4 | Or a jerk of 16 kg weight | 40 // 30 // 20 times |
5 | Tilt forward. Starting position standing upright. Feet on the gymnast. Benches | 13 // 7 // 6 cm |
Exercise of choice | ||
6th | Throwing a grenade weighing 700 g | 37 // 35 // 33 m |
7th | Skiing distance 5 km | 23.30 // 25.30 // 26.30 min |
7th | Or 5 km cross for snowless. Districts | Without time (b / u) |
8 | Swimming at a distance of 50 m | 0.42 // b / uce // b / u |
9 | Shooting from air. Rifles | 25 // 20 // 15 points |
9 | Shooting from electronic weapons | 30 // 25 // 18 points |
10 | Tourist hike | Distance -15 km, orientation on the terrain |
Analyzing the above table, we see that some disciplines have been changed relative to the Soviet TRP. For example, running for 1 km is replaced by a distance of 3 km. From the new complex, the jump in height was removed , but the alternative was added to the long jump from the takeoff run-a jump from the spot. Left the exercise pull-up on the crossbar, but instead of its alternatives (they were removed: the output by force and the upsurge in a coup), a new variant No. 2 - a jerk of a 16-kilogram weight was added.
Shooting as an exercise has become more perfect. At last, it is concretized to the current features. Weapons for shooting became available for schools and universities: an electronic simulator or an air rifle.
Conclusion
The return of the TRP to Russia is in demand by time and social factors. It was positively received by the majority of Russians.
The health of the people is priceless, and its foundation is laid, among other things, by similar nationwide measures of a regular nature. The mechanism of the basis of the physical education system, developed over decades, is viable, and its implementation soon initiates progress in the development of Russian sports.
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