Nizhny Tagil city: description, population. Nizhny Tagil: city square, culture

Rich in cities with a vivid reputation, Russia! Nizhny Tagil is one of them. Many associate it with prisons and camps. But not only in places not so remote and Siberian ores this city is notable.

Geographical characteristics

The city of Nizhny Tagil is practically on the very border separating Europe from Asia. Up to the point of intersection of two continents from it only some 20 kilometers. And up to the heart of the Urals - Ekaterinburg - 150 km. Refers to the Sverdlovsk region. The index of Nizhny Tagil has an easy, memorable. It starts at 622 and then the post office code is attached to it.

The city is located in a mountainous area - on the middle section of the eastern slope of the Ural range. Its area is a little more than 297 square kilometers. In the urban area there are three mountains that smoothly pass into the plains of the West Siberian lowland in the east.

Do not deprive Nizhny Tagil water resources. Through it flow fourteen rivers! The largest of them is called Tagil.

Near the city there are the largest deposits of ores - iron and magnetite. It also produces pyrite, limestone and some other minerals.

The climate in these places is severe - Siberian or, scientifically, sharply continental. Cold winter, lasting six months, and a short cool summer (what can be called heat, lasts from the strength of the week two or three). It is almost always raining. The weather in Nizhny Tagil is unusual in the spring - for one day the thermometer's column is able to "jump" twenty degrees up or down. And the average annual temperature does not exceed 1.7 degrees.

History of Nizhny Tagil

Nizhny Tagil Officially conducts its chronicle from 1722, although "life was born" on its territory much earlier. So, for example, it is known that at the end of the sixteenth century Ermak stood here with his army.

After more than a century, a tidbit of the Ural territory was given to Peter the Great by the present-day demographic family, the Demidov family, who built an iron-making plant on land rich in minerals. By this step, the tsar pursued the goal of strengthening Russia in the military-technical aspect.

The first casting of cast iron dates back to October 8, 1722. It is this day historians consider the beginning of the existence of Nizhny Tagil.

Vyysky Copper Smelting Plant was the largest in the Russian Empire. But the village around him for a long time remained small, quiet, unpretentious. In addition to the uprising of Pugachev and Yulayev, as well as hot "red-white" battles during the civil war, this area is virtually unremarkable in historical terms.

After the revolution, the settlement began to develop more actively. The construction of new plants and factories required the expansion of infrastructure, and in 1931 Nizhny Tagil was given the status of a city.

During the Second World War, like all of Russia, Nizhny Tagil made every effort to defeat the enemy. The Urals Industrial Center became a shelter for Soviet metallurgy. Here they let out the legendary T-72 tank.

By the end of the eighties the city grew very much, having increased by as much as 70% in some 50 years.

Population

One of the most important characteristics of any city is its population. Nizhny Tagil is home to 356 744 people (data for 2015). In the past few decades, the demographic picture here has been depressing - the mortality rate exceeded the birth rate, people were leaving. If we recall that back in 1988, the population of Nizhny Tagil had an amount of 425,000, it turns out that the city lost nearly 70 thousand people in forty years.

Today, the situation has stabilized somewhat - at least, the local authorities claim. The growth of fertility is facilitated by the practice of allocating maternity capital, and mortality is reduced by improving the environmental situation and improving the quality of medical services.

What is the population doing here? Nizhny Tagil, as you know, is a city of large industrial enterprises. Therefore, the bulk of the Tagil people are workers. There are a lot of pensioners in the city (harmful industry assumes early retirement), as well as disabled people, children who lost their bread-winners, and representatives of other socially unprotected categories of citizens. But there are few entrepreneurs in Nizhny Tagil. People are afraid to be left alone with economic instability and confusing legislation, so they prefer to keep state or large private enterprises.

The territorial structure of Nizhny Tagil

The city of Nizhny Tagil is divided into four administrative districts: Dzerzhinsky, Tagilstroevsky, Leninsky and Prigorodny. The latter entered the structure of Tagil quite recently. It is a large number of unified villages and villages.

The districts of Nizhny Tagil do not resemble each other

Tagilstroevsky - the largest, densely populated and "scattered". On its territory are located both industrial zones and the largest sleeping areas.

Dzerzhinsky is very isolated. The locals even call it a "satellite city". It is inhabited by 120 thousand people, most of whom work at the Ural Carriage Works, and almost never "communicate" with other parts of Tagil.

The suburban area is only being formed as a whole, but for the time being it is characterized by a certain disunity.

But Leninsky is the center. Nizhny Tagil here pleases with low-rise buildings of pre-war construction and even houses that have survived since the 19th century. Pleasing the eye of a connoisseur of architecture are the houses, built by captured Germans - they are decorated with stucco molding, columns, decorative balconies, etc. Although there are quite a few trivial "Khrushchev" in the Leninsky district. It is here that the most expensive real estate in the city. The cost of one square meter in an old house with a good view from the window can reach seventy thousand rubles.

Urban Infrastructure

Speaking about urban infrastructure, we should highlight the main problems of the Tagil people. These are utilities and roads. According to the local population, Nizhny Tagil is very expensive in terms of "communal" city. Obligatory payments take about one-third of the salary of the average employee of the plant and leave almost no one living on the allowance. Well, the roads ... They look more or less decent only in the center.

But Nizhny Tagil is well-developed transport network - at the expense of trams subsidized by the local budget, passenger overloads are not observed.

There are no problems with school education - there are enough places for school desks for all students. What can not be said about kindergartens. In conditions of the demographic situation that has stabilized in recent years, it is clearly not enough.

Economy

Nizhny Tagil is kept afloat by two enterprises - the Nizhny Tagil Metallurgical Combine and the Ural Carriage Works. They are city-forming and employ about 55 thousand people. Another prosperous plant is UralHimPlast, which many local people dream of.

In addition to heavy industry, trade is very developed in the city. A large number of supermarkets, markets, shopping centers, etc. need a constant influx of workers. By the way, thanks to such a serious competition from the point of view of price, Nizhny Tagil is quite an attractive city. Products and manufactured goods here can be bought a little cheaper than in neighboring smaller towns.

The city is reported via the railway with the main megacities of the country and has its own airport. Flights are made both within Russia and abroad.

Ecology

Nizhny Tagil, being a large industrial center, can not boast of ecological well-being. Many people since the times of the USSR have known jokes about the "moron from Tagil", about the snow of soot, about mutants, and so on.

This kind of black humor did not make the life of the Tagil people more cheerful, they were seriously ill and died in the prime of life.

But after 1991, many industrial enterprises closed down or moved into private hands with a reduction in activity. This, of course, favorably affected the environment. And the current giants are trying to avoid the "dirty" production, buying high-quality cleaning equipment.

Today, the main polluters of the environment in Tagil can be called cars, burning peat bogs, landfills and dust.

Crime

There is an opinion that Nizhny Tagil is the criminal capital of the Russian Federation. And there is a certain amount of truth in this belief. After all, the city is surrounded by "zones", and, having served a sentence, their "inhabitants", as a rule, remain in Tagil. In addition, the construction of the city in its time drove the prisoners of the Gulag, who also later became the Tagil people. And genetic memory is an important thing.

But, for the sake of justice, it should be noted that if a couple of decades ago, a crime situation could be called pathetic, and even the execution of a dozen people did not cause local special emotions, but today such a rampant crime is still not observed.

sights

Of course, the streets of Nizhny Tagil do not "burst" from tourists. Special attractions this harsh city does not have.

Some value in the eyes of travelers is represented by the management of the Demidovs, as well as the houses of merchants and factory elites, preserved from the century before last.

Attracts the originality of the building, where the editorial office of the Tagil Herald is located. The Taghil pond beckons to its shores - its quay is considered a favorite place of rest for the townspeople.

A curious tourist will be interested to visit the museum of the history of the development of the technology of ferrous metallurgy, which, in fact, is a factory.

Leisure in Nizhny Tagil

Since the weather in Nizhny Tagil does not have to walk in the open air and outings for picnics, the sphere of leisure here is "covered". Among popular places of rest of the townspeople there are cinemas where modern 3D movies, cultural and entertainment centers and night clubs, elite restaurants of national cuisines and more democratic cafes twist.

The local population during the long winter has no other choice but to spend evenings and weekends in such places, so catering and entertainment business in Nizhny Tagil is quite developed.

Interesting facts about Tagil

Few people know that the city called Nizhny Tagil on the map of Russia could not have been, had it not been for ... bureaucracy. In 1861 the Demidovs industrialists applied for the renaming of it in Aleksandrovsk. But the Russian bureaucratic machine was moving so slowly that the matter got stuck, but it was never completed.

Still interesting facts: malachite, mined at a local mine, adorns the walls of the Winter Palace (Malachite Hall), and Tagil Steel began to build many skyscrapers in Chicago and New York.

Well, and, of course, deserves attention information about the T-72, which is the most massive combat vehicle in the history of the planet. He wears the title "Kalashnikov among the tanks", and Nizhny Tagil is sometimes called "Tanko-hail".

Nizhny Tagil: reviews of guests of the city

Reviews about Nizhny Tagil are very contrasting. Someone calls him a poor haven of prisoners, and someone - the great city of a great country.

Among the main characteristics allocated by tourists: industrial power, economic development, the workers 'and peasants' mentality of the population, which is distinguished by responsiveness and good nature, but has a low level of culture. Both the guests and the local residents are unanimous in the fact that in recent years Nizhny Tagil has changed a lot for the better.

If anyone asks what the name of the Russian city is, where a long winter and a short summer, where even the air is saturated with metal, where the character of the residents is harsh, but quick-witted, where heavy industry and a very light postal index - Nizhny Tagil, will be answered!