Traditional methods of education in pedagogy. Classification and their characteristics

Education in pedagogy is one of the basic concepts and the main subject of study. In a broad sense, it includes the preparation of the younger generation for modern life. In a narrow sense, upbringing is the process by which the younger generation must assimilate the material that society has already accumulated over the long years of its existence:

• theoretical knowledge;
• Certain labor skills;
• Experience and norms of behavior in society.

Methods of education in the pedagogy of the school and family should be aimed at ensuring that children and adolescents can develop a certain system of views and opinions on life. In addition, considerable attention should be paid to the formation of the qualities necessary to solve new, urgent problems. Due to proper education, the younger generation must acquire a system of skills that will help them adapt to the changing conditions of work and life, as well as engage in creativity.

At present, a rich fund has accumulated in pedagogy, which reveals the regularities and essence of methods of upbringing. There is a traditional classification of these, which will help to understand the meaning and the main features inherent in each group.

Proceeding from this, it is possible to single out the methods of upbringing in pedagogy. Let's consider them in more detail:

- Methods that shape the consciousness of the individual. These include the method of example, debate, lecture, conversation, story. They contribute to moral and moral upbringing.

- Methods that develop the organization of activities and form the social experience. They will determine the behavior of the individual. This group includes the following methods of education in pedagogy: demonstration, illustration, instruction, demand and training. The most optimal is their use in collective activities.

- Methods to stimulate the motivation of behavior and personality. It's about competition, cognitive game, discussion and emotional impact. Thanks to them, the desire to conform to the accepted social rules and norms will be formed.

- Methods of assessment and self-evaluation, control and self-control in education. They can be different. Correctly organized upbringing will be built in such a way that the external evaluation gradually "developed" into self-esteem, and control - into self-control. A child should not be an object, but a subject of this process.

But the methods of education in pedagogy must act in a contradictory and complex unity. The decisive role will be assigned not to individual, "secluded" means, but to a harmoniously organized system.

Naturally, at any stage of the educational process, some method can be applied in isolation. But it must be reinforced by others, since without their interaction, it will lose its significance, and also slow the movement of this process towards a specific goal. In this capacity, the types of upbringing in pedagogy are usually:

• Mental, which focuses on the development and formation of the intellectual abilities of man, as well as cognitive interests in the world and himself;
• Moral, determined by the ethical requirements of society and aimed at the development of the individual;
• Labor education is aimed at developing and preparing for action, in good faith, responsible and creative attitude to work, accumulation of experience;
• The aesthetic must form a sense of beauty;
• Physical education promotes proper physical development, development of character, will.

But we must bear in mind that the methods of education in pedagogy should be aimed at naturally inducing the child to self-education and self-development.