Therapeutic diet for Pevzner: basic principles. Dietary tables №4 and №5

Manuil Isaakovich Pevzner has developed many universal dietary tables in the first half of the twentieth century. The principles of therapeutic nutrition formulated by him (for correcting the metabolism of diabetics, removing symptoms of poisoning, etc.) are relevant at the present time. Having become acquainted with this article, you will surely agree that the Pevzner diet is a much better way to regulate your diet than many fashionable one-day diets. It is useful to study the list of treatment tables in order to have an idea of the normal caloric content of the diet and about how it can be reduced or increased. Diet Pevzner can help not only with problems with excess weight, but also with a variety of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, requiring a sparing diet. Perhaps you will be disappointed by the lack of "magic products" and promises of quick results. But you can be sure of a careful balance of the diet.

Diet for Pevzner: principles and basic postulates

In total, Manuil Isaakovich developed 16 dietary tables, including hypoallergenic. Seven of them contain different variations. The first postulate: the "amount" of food is determined by the caloric value, calculated in kilocalories. In most diseases, accompanied by a decline in strength and the need for their recovery, the need for energy should be fully satisfied at the expense of the diet. If you need to use the hypocaloric menu, you need to calculate the possible limitations depending on what degree of obesity the patient has. And in this way, so as not to cause psychological discomfort and a constant sense of hunger, which can distract a person from work and daily activities.

Do not go on about fashion magazines

Philistine opinion about the "harmfulness" of a number of products (ground rice, milk, white bread, etc.) does not take into account that they may be necessary to reduce the traumatic effect on the gastrointestinal tract of gross fiber. This is appropriate for colitis, pancreatitis and a number of bowel diseases. The Pevzner Diet does not divide the products into "harmful" and "useful". It is most often aimed at selecting a suitable menu for a particular patient, which, in turn, should satisfy the objective needs of the body in nutrients, regardless of how much the person is healthy or sick.

Individual selection of the diet

Healing diets according to Pevzner are not universal. It is simply impossible to recommend a list of products that is useful for everyone. For example, patients with kidney diseases should be excluded from protein foods. A suffering pancreatitis - reduce fat intake. But such restrictions should be temporary and take place during periods of exacerbations. In the long term, a protein-free or fat-free menu is not allowed. Also Pevsner did not develop low-carbohydrate diets similar to those that are popular in recent years for a sharp reduction in weight. Even such a diet in such a disease as diabetes, involves the inclusion of bread and cereals (only with a low glycemic index). It should be noted that all dietary tables are made up as a result of observations of many patients, and recommendations are made on the basis of clinical studies. Adhering to these diets, remember that amateur (under the influence of fashion trends from women's magazines), when they are observed, is often inappropriate. Another thing - an individual approach, taking into account the recommendations of your doctor or the convenience of compliance with the regime. In the United States in the 80 years of the twentieth century was proved the psychological dependence of man on delicious food. Therefore, after consulting with a doctor, you can add sugar substitutes to your diet or in any way adjust the preparation of very tasteless dishes.

Diet 4 for Pevzner

The irritation of the intestine must be minimized by chemical, thermal and mechanical means. Diet 4 for Pevzner is needed for those who suffer from diarrhea (they often suffer patients with chronic colitis and gastroenteritis). It is also indicated in dysentery. On diet: limit salt (almost completely), proteins, fats and carbohydrates - to the lower limit of the physiological norm. Remove from the diet products that stimulate bile secretion, and those that can cause fermentation in the intestine. Substances that irritate the liver are inadmissible. All dishes must be cooked for a couple or boil, and then wipe. Allowed loose soups and mucous soups, mashed vegetable or low-fat meat patties, rusks (soaked) of wheat flour, lean fish, fresh cottage cheese (non-acidic and non-fat), butter. Desserts allow jelly from binding berries (blueberries, cherries). From drinking - broth of a dogrose. Caloric content is about 2 thousand kilocalories.

Therapeutic table for normalization of liver and pancreas functions

Diet 5 for Pevzner (the menu takes into account the increased vulnerability of the digestive system) was developed taking into account the need to unload cholesterol metabolism in liver diseases, colitis, pancreatitis and cholecystitis. For example, for breakfast - a dry biscuit or cookies with kefir (low-fat), protein omelette with stewed vegetables. In the afternoon - rubbed soup and stew with sauerkraut. For a mid-morning snack - a bun with baked curd and a weak tea or baked apples. For dinner - boiled fish and oatmeal jelly.