The tooth cyst - what is it? Cyst on the root of the tooth: removal

Most people do not like to visit dentists and go to the doctor, only if there is a lot of pain. But there are diseases of the oral cavity, which are almost asymptomatic, but can lead to dangerous consequences. And it is not accidental that dentists recommend a preventive checkup every six months. This is the only way to detect some diseases at an early stage and cure them without removing the teeth. Therefore, you need to visit a doctor even with the slightest discomfort in the oral cavity. One of the most common problems is the cyst of the tooth. What this is known to few. But, despite the fact that in the initial stages it does not bring any unpleasant sensations, this neoplasm is very dangerous if it is not treated.

Cyst of the tooth - what is it?

In translation from the Greek language, this word means "bubble". This name is not accidental, because the cyst is a small dense formation, filled with liquid. The walls of this tumor consist of several layers of connective tissue and are lined with epithelium from the inside. The cavity is filled with dead cells, bacteria or pus. Most often a cyst is formed on the root of the tooth, tightly attaching to it. Therefore, earlier such a disease was treated only with the help of surgery. To date, there are ways to get rid of the cyst while retaining the tooth. But treatment should be carried out at an early stage, when the disease is almost asymptomatic, and the education itself is still small. The tooth cyst of the tooth can have different sizes: from 5 millimeters to 5 centimeters. At an early stage, it is called granuloma, as it increases, bone tissue is destroyed. But it grows very slowly, so there is the opportunity to prevent the loss of teeth.

How to recognize the cyst at an early stage

This formation appears on the site of penetration into the body of bacteria and protects the bone tissue from their spread.

In most cases, the early stage of the cyst at the root of the tooth is detected only during an X-ray examination. The image shows a dark oval cavity. And the symptoms of the disease are very weak and are often not noticed by the patient. It can be a small tooth displacement, slight pain when pressing or getting hot food. But over time, when the body can no longer fight bacteria, the cyst under the tooth begins to grow, and symptoms such as:

• Severe pain in the tooth, swelling and redness of the gums;
• Signs of purulent inflammation: weakness, temperature and swelling of the lymph nodes;
• The cyst may appear as a "fistula" or "flux".

Causes of the disease

So, why can there be a cyst of the gum of the tooth?

• Almost 70% of cases of cysts occur due to improper treatment. If the channel is not sealed up to the end, the bacteria accumulate in the formed cavity;
• The cavity can be formed after an injury: fights with blows to the face, falls and even when nuts are cracked;
• Bacteria to the root of the tooth can enter with blood flow during infectious diseases, for example, sinusitis;
• With an improperly installed crown under it, food can enter, and this becomes a source of bacterial reproduction;
• If you do not treat periodontitis, then the infection penetrates to the roots, and inflammation develops;
• Sometimes during the eruption of wisdom teeth in the gums, a pocket is formed in which bacteria accumulate.

What are cysts?

1. In the place of education, its types are distinguished:

• Cyst of the root of the tooth, resulting from improper treatment;
• Cyst of wisdom teeth;
• Neoplasms can appear in the maxillary sinuses, in such cases they cause severe headaches;
• The cyst can also form on the gum, under the crown or between the teeth.

2. Because of the occurrence of cysts are several types:

• Keratokista - is formed from the remnants of the tooth-forming tissue at the stage of the formation of the organism;
• A tooth cyst after removal, appearing in the event that mistakes were made or an infection is entered, is called residual;
• Follicular or eruption cyst occurs if something prevents the eruption of the tooth for a long time, and it stays inside the gum;
• Because of untimely treatment or incomplete filling of channels, a radicular tooth cyst appears (photo of this tumor can be seen in our article).

Than the cyst is dangerous

Most people become scared when they are diagnosed with a "tooth cyst". It's very rare for doctors to explain this. In fact, this is a benign formation that protects oral tissues from the spread of infection. But the cyst can not perform this function for long. Over time, it grows, the teeth next to it begin to break down, and maybe even its rupture and infection of blood. Removal of a cyst on the tooth in this case is possible only with him. This disease is dangerous because at the initial stages nothing shows itself and it can be detected only on an x-ray. And in the advanced stage serious complications can arise. The rapid growth of the cyst and the development of inflammation are most often caused by a weakened immune system, infectious diseases or even simple hypothermia. To avoid losing teeth, you need to undergo a long course of treatment.

What complications can cause a cyst

• Destruction of bone tissue, which can lead not only to loss of teeth, but also to deformation of the jaw and even to its spontaneous fracture;
• With a prolonged course of the inflammatory process, it is possible to form an abscess, osteomyelitis, or soft tissue phlegmon;
• Cyst, which has arisen in the maxillary sinuses, can provoke the development of sinusitis;
• If this benign formation is not treated, the tumor can develop into a malignant one;
• In advanced cases, it is possible to develop a common blood infection.

Tooth cyst: how to treat

Previously, there was only one way to get rid of this education - surgical. After removing the tooth, the surgeon cleared the hole of the remnants of the cyst. Now, this method is resorted only to neglected cases, or if other treatment does not help. It is easiest to get rid of the cyst in the early stages of its development, when it was detected during an X-ray examination. At this time, it usually does not give the patient unpleasant sensations, and there is no strong inflammation. The cyst is treated in two ways: surgical or therapeutic. In most cases, this is a long and painful process, so you need to visit the doctor on time and not allow the development of inflammation.

When tooth loss can not be avoided

Now, dentists are trying to treat the cyst without removing the affected tooth. But in some cases this can not be avoided. When is it necessary to remove the tooth?

• The cause of infection is neglected periodontal disease;
• On the root of the tooth or on it a vertical crack was formed;
• Root canals are impassable, which makes treatment impossible;
• The tooth is badly damaged and it is too difficult to restore it;
• To remove a tooth it is necessary and in the event that it completely is in a cavity of a cyst and strongly staggers.

Therapeutic treatment of the disease

This is the most preferred method for the patient to get rid of the cyst. It is possible in the event that the formation is detected at an early stage, has a size of not more than a centimeter and is associated with the root of the tooth. In this case, the dentist-therapist can cure the cyst without removing the tooth and without resorting to surgical intervention. This treatment is long and consists of several stages:

1. A sick tooth is reamed to the base;
2. Well cleaned and expanded all the channels;
3. The cavity is treated with an antiseptic agent;
4. Through the channels, the cyst itself is treated. You can do this in two ways:

• In the cavity of the cyst is introduced a special drug that prevents the spread of infection. This is done several times under the control of radiographic examination.
• A new, more complex method of cyst treatment, is depophoresis. Dioxide of copper-calcium is introduced into the channels. Then, under the influence of a weak electric current, this compound penetrates into the most inaccessible places and removes the infection. At least three procedures must be carried out.

5. After removing the source of inflammation, a temporary filling is placed on the tooth . Six months later, a control radiographic examination is performed, and if the cyst disappears, a permanent seal is placed.

Surgical treatment of the disease

But, unfortunately, it is often too late to find a tooth cyst. How to treat it in this case? Only surgically. And you can do this without a tooth extraction, although not in all cases. Usually such a method is resorted to when there are pains, signs of inflammation, and already large size has a cyst of the tooth. The operation is also shown if the affected tooth has a pin or a crown. There are several ways of surgical treatment of the disease:

1. Most often, removal of a cyst on the tooth occurs with the help of a cystectomy. This is a rather complicated operation, during which not only the neoplasm is cut through the incision in the gum, but also the affected apex of the root. The procedure is under anesthesia, but after it pain for a long time and edema can be observed. For a complete cure, a course of antibiotics is prescribed.

2. Less sparing for a tooth operation - hemisection. It is performed on a tooth with several roots, when one of them is not possible to save. In this case, the cyst is removed along with the root and the affected area of the tooth. After that, you need to put a crown on it.

3. Sometimes a cystotomy is used. This operation consists in the fact that only the front wall of the cyst is removed and its treatment is performed. It is done in the event that it is necessary to keep the tooth completely, for example, in children.

Traditional methods of treatment

Sometimes patients try to remove pain and inflammation with various rinses or lotions. And only after removal they find out that they had a tooth cyst. Photo of such inflammation-affected tissues shows that it is possible to treat them only by completely removing the source of infection. And in most cases even strong antibiotics can not cope with this, and folk remedies can only be used as an aid to relieve pain and reduce inflammation. Do not apply hot compresses to the wrist and use hot rinses. The following tools can help:

• Frequent rinses with a concentrated decoction of antiseptic herbs: chamomile, sage, marigold or yarrow;
• Rinsing with saline;
• The pain can be reduced if you hold a teaspoon of sesame oil in your mouth;
• You can rinse the area of a sick tooth with vodka or an alcohol infusion of horseradish;
• Rub the gum with garlic or apply a lobe to the aching tooth;
• Rinse your mouth with cranberry or lemon juice;
• For rinses and compresses it is good to use essential oils: tea tree, almonds, mint or bergamot.

Prevention of disease

Quite often occurs in patients with a cyst of the tooth. What they would not have had to learn if they had followed the following methods of prevention:

• Regularly you need to visit the dentist, it is best to choose one doctor who is treated continuously;
• To conduct an x-ray examination of the oral cavity every year;
• In time it is necessary to treat all diseases of teeth and nasopharynx;
• You need to properly brush your teeth and use antiseptic solutions for the oral cavity;
• Avoid injury to the jaw and teeth;
• Increase immunity and lead a healthy lifestyle.