The rate of sowing of alfalfa per hectare. Spacing between rows

In agriculture, forage grasses are widely used . One of them is alfalfa. It serves as a suitable material for silage and pasture use. In order to obtain the maximum crop yield, it is customary in agrarian practice to calculate the correct seed consumption: the norm of sowing alfalfa per hectare.

Why are alfalfa grown?

Bean culture goes to feed animals in green, harvested as hay, silage and haylage. It is made of herbal flour and vitamin granules, which are then added to animal feed. For such purposes, alfalfa is mowed at the first stage of the appearance of buds.

To get quality silage, the harvesting of the crop is made during flowering. According to its biological properties, it is equal to the green grass. Thanks to special mowers the method of flattening is applied.

To speed up the drying of hay, there are automatic finger rakes. Regular ventilation and stirring contribute to faster drying.

There are two main ways to grow fodder crops. The rate of sowing of alfalfa seeds per 1 hectare will depend on what purpose is pursued in its use and what method is used when sowing it. The same can be said about the width of the rows.

By what criteria is the row spacing determined?

1. Some agronomists note that wide row spacing reduces the yield of hay. When growing alfalfa for animal feed, the distance is reduced. The best option is 11 cm.
2. To alfalfa, like any other culture, gave birth, it needs the appropriate conditions. The thickened crops will not give a good result. In order to obtain seeds, the rows extend from 60 to 100 cm. It was noted that, with this rule, the stems became thicker and more stable. The plant itself was well branched, on it more inflorescences were formed.
3. It should be noted that the width of the rows is also determined by the climatic conditions. In drylands, a sparse frequency of sprouting is recommended.
4. Sometimes crops are thickened because of the high weediness of the fields.
5. When the culture leaves mechanically, row spacing is widened.

Sowing alfalfa under cover

Podopokrovny sowing is the sowing of two or more crops in one area. Podkoprovnym is a plant that remains in the winter after harvesting the main (cover). The advantage of this method is the rational use of the territory.

Sowing. Carried out in early spring. In work use a grain-seed drill. At the same time, the number of seeds in both the main crop and the auxiliary crop is reduced. They are sown simultaneously, in a cellular fashion. Plant assistants include rye, oats and wheat. The rate of sowing of alfalfa per hectare under the cover is 9 million suitable seeds.

The wide use of the so-called assorted. Seed mixtures usually include 3 types of crops. Competing cousins for alfalfa are ostrich and fescue. Excellent it combines with a red clover or timothy. The rate of sowing of alfalfa per hectare in herbal mixtures is 4.5 million seeds.

Care. Timely cleaning of the cover material contributes to the further development of alfalfa.

When the cover is skewed, it is necessary to make additional fertilizing.

The width of the rows. In well-groomed fields the distance between the rows is 20-22 cm.

Important. It is strictly forbidden to plant alfalfa with winter cereals. In the spring they are rapidly developing and drowning the fodder culture.

The yield of green mass depends on how intensively alfalfa competes with the coverslips. Sometimes they slow down the growth of the root system and the aerial part of the plant. To obtain the expected result, the norm of sowing alfalfa per hectare is increased by 20%, and the norm of the accompanying crops is reduced to 50%.

Sowing alfalfa without cover

A separate cultivation of alfalfa contributes to the abundant growth of grass mass. Shoots feel freer and form dense bands. In some areas, under favorable conditions, the green mass mowing occurs in several stages. This method is effective when alfalfa is grown on hay. The rate of sowing of alfalfa per hectare is 15 kg.

Sowing. In the early spring, before sowing alfalfa, the soil is treated with herbicides. Required work is being done to prepare the soil with the help of mechanized trailers.

Care. It is a step-by-step struggle with weeds. After sowing, the area is rolled with the help of ringed skating rinks. A ribbed technical device swells the surface layer of the soil. After such treatment, the quantity of weeds and pests is substantially reduced. Later we carry out measures to mow the weed grass. It is cut after reaching a certain height, so as not to harm the main culture.

The width of the rows. In some areas, the distance between rows is 50 cm.

The use of integumentary cultures

Sowing of cover crops is one of the most effective ways to protect the soil from degradation. Depending on the location of the fields and the influence of climatic conditions, fertile soil layers are affected by various types of erosion.

In a region with a dry climate and a lack of vegetation in the fields, wind erosion is the dominant one. Water erosion prevails in hilly areas where excessive rainfall is observed.

The human factor helps to change the composition and quality of the soil. The century of technical achievements played a role, it adversely affected the physical and chemical condition of the earth. Cover herbal plants have restorative properties.

Cultivation of alfalfa on seeds

Experienced agronomists believe that by expanding the area for growing alfalfa, it is possible to create a reserve of humus in the soil and increase fertility. This opinion is due to the fact that this culture is capable of fixing nitrogen from the air. Roots and sloping mass decay and enrich the field with this necessary element.

A common problem is the shortage of seeds of fodder crops. Breeders are trying to grow the best varieties of alfalfa with maximum yield of seeds.

Sowing . First of all, they create areas with the most suitable food. Before planting, phosphorus fertilizers are introduced.

Care . During budding, an effective action is provided by foliar top dressing with the help of molybdenum and boron. The main purpose of this event is to prevent the loss of flowers and beans. Carry out work to protect the shoots from pests and weeds. Increase the number of natural pollinators.

The width of the rows. A wide-seed sowing is used. In the row, the seeds are distributed less frequently than with standard seeding.

For the production of seeds, the fodder crop is grown unprotected. 4-5 million pcs. - norm of sowing of alfalfa on 1 hectare. This amount helps to achieve the best results in the formation of beans and the production of seeds. In some regions, with a high level of humidity and precipitation, half the seeds are sown.

Growing alfalfa in the garden

Owners of land with a large area grow alfalfa independently. This is done to improve the soil or to get a sideral mixture, and then use it as mulch. To help gardeners comes a manual seeder or all kinds of trailers for a motor-block. Some manage to sow by hand, by evenly spilling them around the site. Here are 2 examples of home planting.

1. The norm of sowing alfalfa per 1 ha by hand is 30 kg. Seeds of legumes mixed with sand 1:20 and scattered around the garden. In this case, truck farmers prefer to abandon the inter-row. Cleaning of the sideral mass is carried out by the method of conventional mowing.
2. One and a half bags of barley and 2 kg of alfalfa are mixed and wetted with water. Seeds are glued to each other. Sowing is done using a tool on a motor block or a manual seeder. The width between rows varies depending on the inventory.

Conclusion

In order to get the most out of growing alfalfa, you need to study the characteristics of accompanying crops. These include the terms of maturation, the period of vegetation and growth. For agrarian farming, the average norm for sowing alfalfa per hectare is 6 million pcs. Or 12 kg.